14. Nano-engineered 2D Materials for CO₂ Capture

Recently, nano-engineered two-dimensional (2D) materials have gained immense interest in various applications, including CO₂ capture. The precise atomic structure of 2D nanomaterials introduced various significant characteristics required for specific applications. Increasing levels of CO₂ in the environment is a concerning topic for surviving a sustainable life on Earth. Therefore, CO₂ capture and conversion into useful products have been recognized as the best approach to reduce the CO₂ level in the atmosphere. To capture CO₂, several materials have been studied and emphasised about their advantages and disadvantages. The recent progress in 2D materials, especially graphene-based materials, has shown their potential in CO₂ capture. Graphene-based materials, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), 2D transition metal oxides (TMOs), MXenes, boron nitrides, carbon nitrides, 2D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) etc., are the various examples of 2D materials, which have been investigated for CO₂ capture. This chapter aims to provide a brief overview of the recent advantages in the nano-engineering of the various 2D materials for CO₂ capture. In particular, the recent development of emerging strategies such as doping, defects engineering, hetero-structural designing, and architectural functionalization of 2D nanomaterials for enhanced CO₂ capture are discussed thoroughly. The challenges and future outcomes have also been highlighted, which will open the directions for future research.