Numerical analysis of the drop impact onto a liquid film of non-linear viscoelastic fluids

This paper numerically analyzes the crown formation due to a plane two-dimensional drop impact onto a pre-existing film in a viscoelastic fluid. The finite volume method is applied to solve the governing equations, and the volume of fluid technique is utilized to track the liquid’s free surface. Here, the non-linear Giesekus model is used as the constitutive equation for the viscoelastic phase. The formation and temporal evolution of the crown’s parameters are evaluated using fluid elasticity and non-linear viscometric functions. The results show that a rise in the Weissenberg number, the viscosity ratio, the Weber number, and the mobility factor of the viscoelastic fluid leads to an increase in both the dimensionless height and radius of the crown, while increasing the Bond number leads to a decrease in the growth of the crown’s dimensions. Moreover, by increasing the film’s thickness, the crown’s height increases, while the crown’s radius decreases. One of the main findings of the present study is that the fluid’s elasticity and surface tension forces enhance the crown’s propagation.