Perovskite Solar Cells

Fundamental Approaches and Materials Processing for Sustainable Future

verfasst von: Abhishek Srivastava, Parasharam M. Shirage

Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore

Buchreihe : Springer Tracts in Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Über dieses Buch

This book excavates into both the foundational principles and the latest advancements in perovskite solar cell research. It presents ground-breaking results about the diverse applications of perovskite solar cells, offering readers a comprehensive overview of the field's current state. By combining fundamental knowledge with cutting-edge methods, this book equips researchers, students, and professionals with valuable insights, fostering innovation and progress in the realm of perovskite solar cell technology. This volume captivates readers with a diverse array of intriguing topics. The book provides valuable insights into tackling challenges and discovering solutions, from the in-depth exploration of various electrical modeling techniques to the revelation of advanced perovskite fabrication methods. Additionally, readers will be engrossed by the exploration of efficiency improvements and the unveiling of novel applications in the realm of renewable energy. This comprehensive coverage ensures that the book appeals to researchers, engineers, and enthusiasts, inspiring them to delve deeper into the world of perovskite solar cells and contribute to sustainable energy solutions. The book also features an array of detailed illustrations and tables, facilitating a comprehensive comparison of different perovskite types. Through a didactic approach, complex concepts are presented in a reader-friendly manner, enabling researchers and enthusiasts alike to grasp cutting-edge methods, results, and applications in the field of perovskite solar cells. This book serves as a valuable resource, empowering readers to contribute to the advancement of clean energy solutions with a deeper understanding of next-generation technologies. This book offers readers a transformative opportunity to develop a comprehensive understanding of perovskite solar cells. Through its insightful exploration of fundamental principles, cutting-edge methods, and ground-breaking applications, the book equips readers with the knowledge and expertise needed to actively participate in developing next-generation clean energy solutions. This invaluable resource empowers researchers, engineers, and students to embrace the potential of perovskite solar cells, driving innovation and progress in the pursuit of a sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Perovskite Solar Cells: Futuristic Reliable Renewable Energy Technology

Abstract

This chapter provides a historical overview of photovoltaic technology, charting its evolution from intermittent viability to a crucial solution for contemporary energy needs. Emphasizing its cost-effectiveness, the analysis explores diverse applications, from space technology to public illumination and large-scale photovoltaic parks. It provides typical insights into the solar cell operational principles, such as p–n junctions. It reviews various models, including 1M3P, 1M5P, and complex structures like 1M7P, where M and P stand for model and parameters, respectively. The study uses electrical models and a thorough literature assessment to provide insights into the performance variations of solar cells under challenging conditions such as variation in temperature, irradiation changes, degradation, and shading, offering new research endeavors to address real-world problems. This chapter serves as a concise overview, aiming to engage new researchers by highlighting historical milestones, foundational principles, and notable applications in the dynamic field of photovoltaics.

Abhishek Srivastava, Parasharam M. Shirage

Chapter 2. Overcoming Intrinsic and Extrinsic Challenges in Perovskite Solar Cells: A Pathway Toward Advancement

Abstract

This study underscores the urgency of tapping into Earth’s solar abundance for electricity through renewable sources. As global solar PV capacity rises, the focus sharpens on boosting solar cell efficiency and cutting manufacturing costs. Third-generation Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) show promise to dominate with an anticipated 25.8% power conversion efficiency (PCE) in under a decade. Despite record efficiencies, the long-term stability of lead halide perovskites faces challenges from fragile bonds and mobile ions. Advanced techniques reveal insights into moisture, heat, and light-induced alterations on perovskite lattices. Efforts to systematically address degradation pathways are underway, with the potential for commercially competitive photovoltaic technology as multiple PSCs demonstrate strong performance and extended lifetimes.

Abhishek Srivastava, Parasharam M. Shirage

Chapter 3. Operational Stability Management Approaches for Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) rapid progress is driven by their exceptional optoelectronic properties. Transitioning to commercialization resolves efficiency and cost concerns, focusing on addressing the critical challenge of a limited operational lifetime under environmental aging. Modified International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) testing standards provide a robust foundation for assessing PSC stability. Some PSCs pass tests with enhanced films, advanced architectures, and effective stabilization methods. The ionic and soft nature of perovskites introduces challenges like ion transportation and phase separation. Developing functionally steady PSCs is crucial for commercializing perovskite PV technologies. Standardizing testing processes and reporting for stability results is essential, requiring detailed experimental procedures. The research community’s intensified focus anticipates rapid improvements in operational stability, mirroring progress in PSC efficiency and facilitating commercialization.

Abhishek Srivastava, Parasharam M. Shirage

Chapter 4. Possible Perovskite Substitutes, Advances, and Future Prospects

Abstract

Tin-based perovskites, particularly Sn-iodide (ASnI₃), exhibit a notable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.6%, making them promising lead-free alternatives for solar cell applications. Despite challenges in stability due to rapid Sn²⁺ oxidation, recent chemical engineering advancements achieved over 1300 h of operational stability in a nitrogen environment. Sn/Ge mixed perovskite absorbers show potential but require efficiency enhancements. Notably, Sn-iodide perovskites with low bandgaps could serve as foundation materials for tandem solar cells. Among alkaline-earth metals, magnesium iodide perovskites offer a tunable visible bandgap (0.9 to 1.7 eV), while calcium, strontium, and barium halide perovskites face limitations with high bandgaps (2.95 to 3.6 eV) and humidity sensitivity. Metal chalcogenide perovskite semiconductors, designed through split-anion or anion alloying, present a non-toxic alternative with the potential for efficient solar energy conversion. Theoretical calculations indicate favorable bandgaps and increased optical absorption in the visible range, highlighting the potential of metal chalcogenide perovskite semiconductors for advancing photovoltaic technologies.

Abhishek Srivastava, Parasharam M. Shirage

Chapter 5. Pioneering the Path: Unveiling Exciting Applications for Integrated Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Metal halide perovskites, particularly perovskite solar cells (PSCs), exhibit outstanding properties, propelling rapid progress in photovoltaic (PV) devices. PSCs are crucial for transformative applications like tandem PV cells, space solutions, PV-integrated energy storage, catalysis, and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs). Tandem solar cells face challenges in optimizing low-bandgap perovskites and improving the efficiency of wide-bandgap materials. PSCs offer high output voltage, enabling integrated energy storage with carbon-based materials. Challenges include matching photocurrents, operational stability, and CO₂ reduction. Semi-transparent PSCs for BIPVs show promise but need efficiency and transparency improvements. Addressing these challenges in materials and system integration will advance and commercialize perovskite-based solar cells across applications, driving innovation in renewable energy technologies.

Abhishek Srivastava, Parasharam M. Shirage

Titel: Perovskite Solar Cells
verfasst von: Abhishek Srivastava
Parasharam M. Shirage
Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore
Electronic ISBN: 978-981-9776-24-5
Print ISBN: 978-981-9776-23-8
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7624-5