Perspectives on the Use of New Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the Modern Economy

The article is devoted to one of the most topical problems of modern times – establishment of information economy under the influence of scientific and technical progress. Establishment of information economy is a complex historical process, which is implemented in the conditions of transition to a new type of economy. Special emphasis is made on change of technological modes with change of the information environment and evolution of the theory of information. The perspectives of information economy development are studied.

The paradigm of “knowledge economy” influences socio-economic and political processes within national economies. The primary role of knowledge, wide reproduction of the elements of technical interaction of innovational goods, quick growth of high-tech sector of economy, and qualitative development of human capital – these elements are the main requirements set to the countries that implement the projects of “knowledge economy”. At that, the existing difficulties of implementing the paradigm of “knowledge economy” are related to old ideas of effective development of economy, science, and technological spheres. This problem lies in the system of higher education, which needs substantial modernization. According to this thesis, the purpose of the research is stage-by-stage evaluation of formation of the “knowledge economy” formation through modernization of education system. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: study “knowledge economy” from the positions of determining the theoretical regularities and the essence of this category; conduct analysis of genesis of “knowledge economy” at various stages of society’s development; determine peculiarities of “knowledge economy” in the system of higher education; form the system of “knowledge economy” according to the authors’ ideas. Scientific novelty of the research consists in studying the issue of “knowledge economy” through the prism of modernization of the system of higher education. Besides, the authors perform comparative evaluation of the levels of higher education of the USA and the Russian Federation and determine the final results of “knowledge economy” formation in each of the above models. The result of the research is formed proprietary system of interaction within “knowledge economy”, between the institutional environment of higher education, R&D system, market structures, state, and human. This research is interesting from the position of application of the new approach to studying the peculiarities of “knowledge economy” formation. According to this, the article will be interesting for specialists that participate in implementation of strategic projects in the sphere of formation of a new economic model of the country’s development.

The research is devoted to the search for the solution to the problems of generation and commercialization of knowledge, as inseparable components of the innovational process in the conditions of information economy establishment. The research is aimed at innovational eco-systems of universities and their capability for generation and commercialization of knowledge. It is shown that the main problems of functioning of the university’s innovational ecosystem are the gaps in its internal communications and weak interconnections with external environment, including the real sector of economy. Perspectives of the university’s innovational eco-system are seen in development and interaction of its basic components that ensure generation of knowledge and its commercialization on the basis of formation of partnership organizational culture.

The contents of the fourth industrial revolution, which is called “Industry 4.0” are studied. It opens new possibilities of doing business and authomatization of any processes. The purpose of the article is to determine perspectives and drawbacks of implementation of “industry 4.0” in the Russian economy, which is currently under sanctions. According to the authors, implementation of “industry 4.0” into production allows increasing the quality of manufactured goods and services, satisfying the needs of customers, using natural and technical resources more rationally, conducting secondary processing of all waster, and receiving new goods, resources, or energy.

The purpose of the article is to study the essence, tendencies, and perspectives of development of the Internet tools of development of knowledge economy by the example of modern Russia. For determining the essence and tendencies of knowledge economy development in modern Russia under the influence of the Internet development, the authors use the methods of horizontal and trend analysis, with the help of which the growth rate of the corresponding indicators for a year and several years is studied. Also, the method of correlation analysis is used, with the help of which the connection between the process of knowledge economy development and development of the Internet is studied. In view of novelty of the concept of knowledge economy, time limits of the research cover 2010–2016. As a result, it is concluded that Internet tools possess large potential in the sphere of stimulating the process of knowledge economy development, as it allows accelerating the development of human capital, diffusion of knowledge and innovations, and development of high-tech spheres of economy. At present, Russia is peculiar for the tendency of increase of the level of population’s education and increase of innovational activity of economic subjects and the economy on the whole under the influence of development of the Internet – i.e., economic effects are manifested most clearly. At that, social effects from development of the Internet, which include growth of GDP per capita, are not very clear. Perspectives of development of Internet tools for stimulating the process of knowledge economy development are related to provision of mass accessibility of information on innovational development of economy in the Internet, development of the system of remote education and the system of remote exchange of scientific achievements. As a result, the authors’ concept of managing the process of knowledge economy development with the help of Internet tools is created.

The authors analyze the notion and tendencies of development of information economy. It is shown that production of information technologies, improvement of global communications, and the tendency for growth of production of high-tech goods are a logical consequence of transition to the post-industrial society, civilization development, and expanded use of the processes related to informatization of economy. Quick global processes of globalization raise interest to theoretical consideration of peculiarities of information economy and empirical study of the influence of the scientific and technical progress on dynamics of development of socio-economic, political, and cultural spheres of life of the modern society. Topicality of this research is predetermined by insufficient theoretical substantiation and empirical contribution of assessment of the scientific and technical progress into establishment of information economy. The main purpose of this article is to determine the perspectives of establishment of information economy in Russia. For determining the factors of establishment of information economy, the authors use theoretical methods of research: study and generalization of the notion “information economy” and its components; analysis of statistical indicators of the countries which economy is based on wide usage of informatization. Study of the complex process of society’s transition from industrial to post-industrial mode is performed. This allowed reflecting genesis of information economy and peculiarities of its establishment in Russia and the world. The main tendencies and strategic landmarks of development of information economy in Russia are determined. As a result, the problem is determined – digital (information) inequality – a new type of social differentiation that comes from different possibilities of using new ICT. Such inequality negatively influences Russia’s competitiveness and the living standards of its citizens. The measures are determined which can – with consecutive implementation – overcome negative consequences of information inequality and eventually eliminate it.

The main parameters of assessment of efficiency of innovative projects are the value of the initial investment, risks of the project and the degree of their influence on the result of the implementation, the expected profitability of the project, the value of the discount rate and several other indicators. Implementation of the innovative project and its further exploitation is the transformation of the initial parameters taking into account the time factor under the influence of external and internal influences of the active environment. Under conditions of uncertainty, including the crisis, innovative projects play a role of a stimulant for sustainable development of the company. An innovative project can be regarded as a set of possible implementations, i.e. as a random function. The objective of investors is to determine the most likely outcome of the implementation of the project for further decisions.

Various approaches to evaluation of investment project in the conditions of uncertainty are studied, when such parameters of the project as profitability of future periods and discount rates are approximate or unknown. The results of evaluation of the projects are analyzed with the following approaches: application of fuzzy sets, application of the theory of probabilities. The conditions of applicability and substantiation of the viewed approaches are discussed. Specific examples of calculating the evaluations of investment project with graphic illustrations are given.

Innovational development is one of the top-priority directions of the economic development of Russia. Innovative activity in high-tech spheres of economy is among the most important elements of development of the state; in order to be in the line with the leading countries, it is necessary to study the level of innovational sphere’s development in the Russian Federation. The concept of creation of production in the high-tech sphere allows for accelerating the development of any country’s economy and forms competitiveness. At that, it is important to form the conditions at which structural transformation allows high-tech spheres to become “growth points” and to ensure reproduction at a new technological level, which determines the targeting process. The structural & dynamic and correlation & regression analysis allowed for determination of the main tendencies, structural shifts, and influential factors of development of the innovational sphere of the country on the whole and high-tech spheres in particular. Despite the unsustainable character of innovational processes in the Russian economy, the performed study of the indicators of innovative activity of the high-tech sphere “Production of office equipment and computational equipment”, which characterizes the targeting process as to the key direction TechNet, has a positive tendency for development, and the created forecast for three years showed growth of the main indicators of the studied type of economic activities.

Statistics of innovations in the Russian Federation is an important information element of monitoring of the country’s economic development, which allows studying the demand and offer for the results of innovative activity and conducting evaluation of the production and scientific potential of the economy, distribution of financing, and other factors, necessary for development of innovative activity in Russia. The concept of creation of production of the high-tech sphere creates a possibility for accelerating the development of any economy and forms competitiveness. The main elements of such type of production include products with a high level of intellectual labor cist and science-drive technologies.The authors analyze the modern state and perspective of development of high-tech companies and organizations of innovational business in the sphere of energy saving and increase of energy effectiveness, which allows stating that in case of creation of a source of energy, which is more powerful than the oil & gas complex, the Russian energy sector of high-tech industry will preserve its decisive role in solving the strategic tasks of development of Russia.

The authors analyze dynamics and perspectives of development of the high-tech innovations market. The study allowed the authors to determine the problems of the existing system of high-tech business functioning. The authors note that direct copying of foreign mechanisms is not effective in the Russian economy. Russia does not start from a scratch, it has a formed innovational policy and own experience. The state innovational projects of recent years were focused on the sphere with a short return period – however, such strategy has no perspective. The innovational process should involve all market members, including large business.

In view of production account of the System of national accounts (hereinafter – SNA), the work presents a typology of countries in view of such indicators as the gap between export and import, the level of economy’s openness, export effort of the countries, the countries’ dependence on import, tax load, and the share of investments and capital goods in GAP, which allows for determination of the key problems in the sphere of formation and use of GDP and added value of certain countries; an approach to formation of strategic priorities of development of the national economy is offered, which will allow developing the targeted strategic landmarks of development of separate regions.

The authors study the issues of formation of the organizational & economic mechanism of innovational infrastructure of the AIC of the EAEU countries, including organization of information and consultation provision of the agro-industrial complex in the EAEU countries. It is offered to create the International agro-industrial information and consultation center within the integration of the EAEU members in the sphere of agricultural consultation, with the corresponding organizational and economic mechanism of implementation of this offer.

The authors study the determining tendencies of innovational development of the Russian economy, caused by the change of technological modes, general economic and political situation, and the role of the state in regulation of innovational processes. Theoretical provisions, related to the change of the main influence on the level of innovational activity, are generalized: shift of focus from support for offer of innovational technologies to formation of demand for innovations from economic subjects and society. The authors explain insufficient level of capability for innovations and acceptance of new technological achievements as a component of non-material assets of economic growth, related to its humanitarian component – formation and development of human potential in the conditions of society and knowledge economy. The authors also explain susceptibility to innovations as a result of taking science and education beyond the limits of the innovational process, and other elements of the humanitarian component. The role of non-technological components is studied: organizational, marketing, social, etc. The factors hindering the innovations are given. The main directions of regional innovational development in view of formed global and Russian tendencies are given, as well as connection between innovational development of the region and benchmarking, innovational development and territorial marketing.

The purpose of the work is to study the problems and perspectives of modernization of the system of accounting of financial results of company’s activities on the basis of new information and communication technologies (ICT). In order to determine the influence of accessibility and intensity of using new ICT on entrepreneurship, the method of regression analysis is used. The information and analytical basis for research includes the materials of the Global competitiveness report of the World Economic Forum for 2017–2018; the authors use for determining regression dependence between 6th pillar: Goods market efficiency, 11th pillar: Business sophistication, and 9th pillar: Technological readiness. It is substantiate that modernization of the system of accounting of financial results of a modern company’s activities should be performed on the basis of new ICT. For this, the traditional approach, which envisages preservation of organizational & managerial and production business processes of a company during transfer on business processes, related to preparation of corporate financial accounting, into electronic form, should be replaced by the innovational approach. The authors perform comparative analysis of the traditional and innovational approaches to modernization of the system of accounting of financial results of company’s activities on the basis of new ICT and show advantages of the offered approach – simplification and acceleration of accounting of financial results of company’s activities, increase of transparency and control over business processes, and reduction of the risk component of accounting of financial results of company’s activities, and show the main problems that hinder its practical application.

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and applied problems and prospects of innovative development of the textile industry in Russia. The factors influencing the innovative development of the textile industry enterprises are investigated, special attention is paid to the evaluation of the effectiveness of innovations in enterprises. The conducted regression analysis made it possible to draw conclusions regarding the guidelines for the development of the textile industry. The most promising segments of the textile goods market have been identified, in which an “innovative breakthrough” and access to international markets are possible.

The study represents the cognitive analysis of economic activities in the general view, which is implemented on the basis of a cognitive scenario. The scenario approach to the conceptualization of economic sphere was chosen with the aim of finding its static and dynamic elements, and analysis of those relations and interactions that occur between participants and the cognitive components of the scenario. The theoretical and methodological basis of this research is the theory of cognitive metaphor, and the creation and description of the specific cognitive models, that is the most perspective direction of development of cognitive linguistics at the present stage, as it promotes the study of national specifics of the world picture, a comparative study of survey data, and for creating cognitive models that predict the development of a particular sphere of human activity. The result of this research is to create cognitive scenarios of economic activities based on a corpus of English texts of economic subject, as well as the finding of the static and dynamic elements of this cognitive model. In addition, the elements of this cognitive scenario that set in motion all the process of economic activities were elicited.

The article deals with the cognitive category of “semio-linguistic creativity”, serving as a tool for mainstreaming the concept “Information about the future” in the science fiction discourse. Studied are semio-linguistic aspects of the future relations of categories and information; explored are the conceptual core as well as the internal and external zones of the concept “Information about the future”; analyzed is the relationship between the needs and science fiction discourse; considered is the structuration of axiological and imaginative spheres of the concept “Information about the future.” The article also analyzes the process of science-fiction discourse unfolding involving semio-linguistic clusters – signs whose semantic content is directly related to the needs of the future (“The Man as a species,” “Food,” “Space, Earth”). The perspective of the research make semio-linguistic clusters “Habitat,” “Communications”, “Social Environment”, “Transport”, “Technology”.

The article is devoted to one of the actual manifestations of the modern world – establishment and development of neuromarketing and neuromarketing research. The role of neuromarketing in the system of sciences at the connection of marketing, neurobiology, medicine, neurophysiology, behavioral psychology, and other scientific spheres is emphasized. Multiple examples of practical implementation of neuromarketing in activities of various companies are given. Special emphasis is made on presenting neuromarketing as a scientific system of knowledge.

Actual issues of the methodology of evaluation of managerial staff are studied, and its role in motivation of managers is substantiated. The purpose of the research is to develop and substantiate approaches to evaluation of managerial staff of a modern organization based on analysis of Russian experience. In order to achieve the set goal, the authors solve the following tasks: theoretical study of the foundations of organizations’ managerial staff’s activities; determination of the role of evaluation of personnel’s activities in HR policy; analysis of modern technologies of evaluation of managerial staff’s activities. The object of the research is activities of managerial staff of organizations. Methodological approaches and information mechanisms that ensure effective usage and evaluation of organizations’ managerial staff are studied. The theoretical and methodological foundation of the research includes the works in the sphere of management, fundamental provisions of HR management, and the works of Russia and foreign scholar on the problem of evaluation of managerial staff’s activities and determination of new directions of their improvement. The arguments are given that confirm the value of usage of effective managerial technologies of evaluation of managers in their motivation. As a result of the performed research, it is proved that evaluation of managerial staff of organizations is one of the most important components of the HR management system. It is the basis of important HR and managerial decisions.

The purpose of the work is to determine the top-priority directions of implementing the new Internet technologies on the territories of rapid economic development by the example of modern Russia. In order to determine the effectiveness of application of financial tools for stimulating the growth of territories of rapid economic development, the authors use the classical method of evaluation of effectiveness, which supposes finding the ratio of results to expenditures. The indicators of the result include the volume of manufactured product in the territories of rapid economic development and the volume of taxes paid into state budgets of these territories, and the indicator of expenditures is the volume of investments into territories of rapid economic development. The authors come to the conclusion that financial tools (investments) of stimulating the growth of territories of rapid economic development are peculiar for low effectiveness, as they lead to high load on the federal budget. Non-financial tools – including Internet technologies – have wide perspectives and high effectiveness in the sphere of stimulating the acceleration of growth rate of territories of rapid development. The authors determine top-priority directions of implementation of new Internet technologies on the territories of rapid development and develop the mechanism of activation of growth of the territories of rapid economic development on the basis of implementing the new Internet technologies by the example of modern Russia.

The need to choose between modernization and innovation models of development actualizes the study of the basic modernization theories, its positive effects and negative consequences. The goals set with a view to increasing grain production require adequate technical support for the industry. Further development of the agricultural machinery is aimed primarily at improving separate units and functional systems, creating operational comfort, which frequently doesn’t eliminate the most major deficiencies in the designs used in the course of modernization, their high materials consumption, the growth in specific power and, accordingly, their cost. The article deals with the problems of adequate supply of harvesting machinery and the main directions of its technical modernization.

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the necessity and to develop the concept of managing the process of commercialization for successful diffusion of innovations and creation of innovational economy by the example of modern Russia. For determining the necessity for managing the process of commercialization for successful diffusion and creation of innovational economy, the authors compare the growth rate and determine the connection between quantitative indicators of efficiency of consecutive steps of the process of innovations’ commercialization in modern Russia on the basis of the official statistical information of the Federal State Statistics Service, supplemented by the authors’ forecast (due to limitation of the data) and successfulness of diffusion of innovations and creation of innovational economy, which indicator is the global innovational index, calculated yearly by the World Bank. For this, the methods of horizontal, trend, and correlation analysis are used, as well as the methods of structural & functional and logical analysis. The authors distinguish four consecutive steps of the process of commercialization of innovations and determine the corresponding statistical indicators for analysis. The results of the research showed that successfulness of commercialization of innovations determines the possibilities of the economic system in conduct of diffusion of innovations and creation of innovational economy. Market self-management leads to multiple “market gaps” and leads to necessity for state management of the process of commercialization of innovations. For this, the authors’ concept of managing the process of commercialization for successful diffusion of innovations and creation of innovational economy by the example of modern Russia is offered.

Influence of the information and communication technologies on development of small business is obvious, as the use of such systems and platforms allows a small business company to perform works and provide timely competitive services, which is proved in this article.The purpose of the research is to raise the speed and quality of passing of information from manager to ordinary employee.A mandatory condition of increase of effectiveness of production, economic, managerial, and other processes that take place at small business companies is the information and communication platform, which possesses flexibility, mobility, and adaptability to external influences of the market.As a result of implementation of the information and communication platform into a small company, a lot of issues will be solved – resistance to changes in organization; increase of corporate culture and labor comfort of employees; communications in the company and outside it; acquisition of new capabilities; implementation of effective IT and communicative platforms for achieving business goals of a small company; HR support for organizational innovations; using strategic communications with employees during the conduct of global organizational changes.

Information and communication technologies within management of joint companies’ activities show top-priority effective mechanism of creation of a rational system of managing the technical, technological, financial & economic, and organizational system of integrated corporate structure, which, in its turn, will lead to stable dynamics of development of interaction between participants of foreign economic activities.

The purpose of the work is to determine and substantiate the methods of digitization of the Russian economy with the help of new Internet technologies. The authors apply the methods of trend and regression analysis of the indicators of development of digital economy and the Internet in Russia in 2010–2017 and the developed formula which supposes calculation of economy’s digitization. The information and analytical basis of the research includes the official statistical information of the United Nations E-Government Survey according to the Division for Public Administration and Development Management, The United Nations; Index of Information Communication Technologies Society according to the International Telecommunication Union; and the report “Digital Russia: New Reality” according to Digital/McKinsey, as well as the report “The Web Index” according to the World Wide Web Foundation. As a result of the research, it is concluded that despite the official recognition of the necessity for development of digital economy in modern Russia and establishment of the corresponding national strategic course, in practice the process of its implementation is slow due to insufficient elaboration of the methodological tools of economy’s digitization. New Internet technologies possess large possibilities and potential in stimulating this process. The authors substantiate the perspective methods of digitization of the Russian economy with the help of new Internet technologies, provide the mechanism of their action, and offer practical recommendations.

The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the hospitality industry enterprises strategies implementation is narrowly reviewed in scientific literature. The article analyzes the use of ICT in hospitality industry enterprises. This analysis allowed identifying the main modern trends in this field. Based on the use of theoretical and empirical methods, the sequence and interrelation of the use of information and communication systems in the implementation phases of the hospitality industry enterprises strategies were suggested. The materials of the article are of theoretical value for scientific research in the field of the use of information and communication technologies at the hospitality industry enterprises.

The purpose of the work is to study the current tendencies and future perspectives of provision of national food security in the conditions of digital economy by the example of modern Russia. For determining the influence of the process of digital economy development in modern Russia in the level of national food security, the authors use the methods of horizontal, trend, regression, and correlation analysis. The authors determine the annual growth rate of the values of food security index according to the data of the International Telecommunication Union and the digital economy index according to the data of the Economist Intelligence Unit and calculate six-year trend (growth rate for six years). The authors also determine growth rates of the values of food security index during increase of the digital economy index by 1 and calculate correlation coefficient (R2), which reflects connection between these indicators in dynamics for 2012–2017. The authors come to the conclusion that modern Russia is peculiar for aggravation of the problem of provision of national food security. The authors also determine insufficient usage of existing potential of digital economy for solving this problem, the large scale of which is shown by the presented authors’ mechanism of provision of national food security in the conditions of digital economy.

This paper is dealing with the possibility and economic feasibility of applying digital economy tools on Russian nuclear power enterprises. The purpose was to assess the economic impact of digital technologies’ applying on the NPPs nuclear fuel cost creation stage during the transition to the sixth technological mode. The results of a comparative analysis of the nuclear fuel costs calculated by Russian and world prices for the VVER-1000 and PWR 14 × 14 nuclear fuel presented. The economic feasibility of foreign spent nuclear fuel reprocessing to the Russian reprocessing plants and nuclear fuel recycling are substantiated. The economic efficiency of the Russian information and computer technologies’ implementation is logically proved at the NPPs operation stage.

The purpose of the work is to determine and substantiate a new type of consulting services – cognitive consulting services and their Internet marketing as a basis of standards complex of means of promotion on the Internet and usage of a digital platform. The methodology of the work is based on systemic analysis of cognitive environment of organization and distinguishing the carriers of knowledge (employees and program & technical means) and cognitive processes that consist in transfer, search, and creation of new knowledge. Based on this, new type of services is formed – cognitive consulting services. The process of Internet promotion of these services consists in the standard complex of such means as banner advertising, search advertising, e-mail marketing, and social networks market, as well as usage of a digital platform. Digital platform uses systemic interaction of such technologies as intellectual information technologies, technologies of decision support, search technologies, Internet technologies, Wiki technologies, and social networks technologies.The results of the work are the structure and contents of a digital platform of marketing of cognitive consulting services.The results of the work could be used by consulting organizations for development of the service sphere and more rational promotion of services via the Internet on the basis of digital platform.

Actual issues of formation and development of digital economy are studied, and peculiar features of its functioning in Russia are distinguished and analyzed. The goal of the scientific research is achieved: analysis of perspective directions of transformation of technologies of management in the modern society and substantiation of principles and peculiarities of application of new managerial technologies within digital economy. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research consists of fundamental and applied works of Russian and foreign researchers in the sphere of economic and management. The arguments that prove the value of usage of effective managerial technologies in development of digital economy are given. As a result of the research, it is proved that development of digital economy on the basis of usage of modern managerial technologies influences positively the processes of communication and exchange of ideas and experience not only within separate national economies but also at the scale of the world economy.

Within a perspective series of modern studies, devoted to development of the methodology of strategic planning and management of entrepreneurial activities on the basis of various tools, in particular, budget planning and forecasting, the issue of determining the role of modern and perspective information and communication technologies in this process remains important. Thus, the article is devoted to determining the role of modern information technologies and systems in the process of strategic management of entrepreneurial structures’ activities and the role of such technologies and systems within budget and financial provision of such activities. The article provides the main categories of information systems used by modern entrepreneurial structures, determines certain peculiarities of strategic intra-company and entrepreneurial management, and determines the limits of their contours and landmarks. It is determined that budgeting that is based on modern and most development, perspectives, and leading information systems could be considered a complex technology of management of entrepreneurial activities and used for achieving strategic goals and solving the corresponding strategic tasks. Information technologies that can transform budgeting of modern companies in near future are described.

The thematic justification of the study into the phenomenon of contemporary consumer behaviour models is the IT growth, peculiarities of the digital economy formation, the development of retail chains’ omnichannel strategies, and the emerging digital era. All these factors induce the development of a new perplexed market environment, which is distinctive due to its ambiguity and uncertainty among other things, which in its turn affects a prospect customer and makes for companies’ business modernization. The purpose of the research is to consider approaches to studying parameters, habits, pre-buying and post-buying behaviour, as well as preferences and expectations of the omnichannel consumer. The article considers the essence of concepts of “omnichannel consumer” and “consumer gates”, the latter being singled out by the authors as an actual field for companies’ marketing efforts improvement. The authors have considered the algorithm for a “buyer’s map” development with due regard to his or her actions during the online and offline shopping decision-making process. Secondary information analysis enabled the presentation of the key trends in changing consumer behaviour models. The research conducted in a form of an online poll has convincingly shown the importance of mobile communication channels, while the in-depth interview methods allowed spotting gates for product purchase with due regard to different consumer archetypes.

Over the last decade the attention of governmental bodies is concentrated on the energy saving, energy efficiency improvement and management of the energy industry problems which create real threats for stable social and economic growth of modern Russia, especially in the light of giving it the innovative vector of development. However, the situation on the federal level directly depends on the changes going on in the regions of the Russian Federation. The above stipulates the necessity of performing the analysis of the development of the energy industry in the Russian Federation, searching threats and revealing development constraining factors, taking into account emerging new technologies. For implementation of the assigned tasks statistical methods of analysis were used in the study which made it possible to assess the conditions and developmental trends in the industry, in particular the indicators of production and consumption of energy in the temporal and spatial checkpoint. In the article the possible ways of development of the electric power industry in Russia were analyzed, with account of the threats of electric power deficiency, environmental degradation, higher safety requirements and the challenges of the digital era. The prospects of the science and technology development in the energy sector were defined; the merits and risks of the development of different technologies were identified. Also the particularities of “smart grid” technologies adoption in Russia were examined, having direct impact on the state of the indicators in the industry. Special attention was given to the item of assessment of the factors hampering the development of new technologies. The obtained results can facilitate the implementation of state policies with regard to taking energy saving measures for energy resources consumption reduction.

The article is written as a part of a study on prospects for the application of new information and communication technologies in the modern economy and is devoted to categorical concept of “information and digital economy”. The purpose of the article is to reveal the content of the concept of “information and digital economy” and its objective nature. Scientific and practical value of the category “information and digital economy”: contribution to a dialectical development of categories and concepts framework of economic theory paradigm; definition of correctness of use of categories of “information and digital economy” as an effective tool to address a number of practical problems which modern society of the twenty-first century faces. The article is divided into several parts, their contents: introduction, Part I-Genesis of notions of categorical definition of information and digital economy; Part II-rationalization of the relevance for the development of the digital economy in Russia; Part III-a comparative analysis of the development of digital economy in leader-countries of world economy and in Russia; Part IV-the prospects of using information and communication technologies in the modern economy; Part V-reasons of the impossibility to create a digital economy in Russia during this decade; Part VI-measures to create preconditions for the development of digital economy in Russia.

Prospects of using virtual technologies in modern corporate business systems are examined in this article. These technologies specify actions of the participants, update and modernize them, accumulating the best options for cooperation and competition in the system environment. Information technologies used in the process of enterprise management, allow converting organization structure into a network form. The traditional form of corporate organization acquires new qualities, not comparable to its previous form of existence: management processes are improved, a company undergoes a flexible reconfiguration of all its resources, company sees the growth of the level of its general flexibility and adaptability to external and internal environment. On the basis of empirical study the authors identify factors that slow down the process of virtualization of corporate business systems in Russia.

Increase of competition between types of transport, growth of uncertainty of business environment, and diversity of goals of business entities of Russian Railways Holding and participants of the transport market increase the level of risks that may lead to risk to effective development of the company. Development of digital technologies creates a platform for risk management and increase of competitiveness of transport and logistics companies.Increase of uncertainty and speed of change of business environment leads to the necessity to use new technologies of management that ensure creation of added values of transport and logistics services.

The purpose of the research is to determine the key directions of international experience of state regulation of application of crypto currencies in digital economy. The methodology of the research consists of the method of dynamic analysis – for determining the tendency of development of the international market of crypto currencies, and the method of comparative analysis – for determining common and different tendencies of state regulation of crypto currencies’ turnover in financial systems of various countries.As a result of the research, certain conclusions are made. The essence and principles of functioning of ICO are determined. ICO and IPO are compared as financial tools of digital economy. Comparative analysis of experience of application of crypto currencies in various countries is performed. The main preconditions of expansion of the scale of using crypto currencies as a model financial tool of digital economy are formulated. The factors of quick growth of the RUB/crypto currencies rate are shown. They include: high demand from financial institutes, migration of stock market players, increase of positive image, creation of new variations of virtual currency on the basis of existing technologies; issue of futures on crypto currency.Recommendations are developed for selecting directions for formation of the measures of control and monitoring of emission and turnover of crypto currencies at the legislative level in Russia in view of international experience in this sphere, which allows intensifying the development of state regulation of new virtual financial tools.

The purpose of the article is to determine the perspective methods of application of intellectual technologies of decision support for reducing the role of “human factor” in the interests of maximizing economic effectiveness of regional economy under the condition of its sustainable development. The authors use the method of regression and correlation analysis for describing dependence between economic effectiveness of regional economy and sustainability of its development in modern Russia. The authors formulate and describe the optimization task of managing a modern region’s economy and offer the stages and methods of application of intellectual technologies of decision support for maximizing economic effectiveness of regional economy under the condition of its sustainable development. As a result, the authors come to the conclusion that the main reason for low economic effectiveness and instability of development of modern Russia’s regional economy lies not so much in difference and provision with resources as in irrational management due to the influence of “human factor”. For solving this problem, a perspective algorithm if implementation of intellectual technologies of decision support into the process of region’s economy management is offered.

Each year, the notion “information” becomes more popular in everyday life. Despite the fact that information has a stable position in society, approaches to understanding it have a lot of directions. Formation and development of information include three approaches: (1) mathematical (cybernetic); (2) semantic; (3) practical – related to using information in various spheres of human life (medicine, energy, and transport). Development of legal regulation in the sphere of information technologies is predetermined by the influence of legal norms on effectiveness of law in all spheres of life. At present, the process, in which people participate in activities, is related to receipt of information, its processing, and further transfer. Any law influences the relations of participants of interrelations connected to information. Information technologies influence all spheres of life, so the legal mechanisms that are related to information technologies should be specified in laws and spheres of law.

The articles presents the authors’ concept of development of a factor model as one of the key aspects of activation of “profit generation” of production sector, based on studying the main drivers of large Russian companies, determining the proportions of the political component, accepting economic tendencies in the global arena, and determining new forms and methods of achievement of sustainable development in the globalizing world. This requires empirical analysis, as a totality of methods of qualitative and quantitative determination of structure of production. In other words, there’s a necessity for systemic evaluation of existing factors that influence the perspectives of global redistribution of production resources, unique capabilities, and possession of key competences that form a “strategic triad”. The purpose of the research is to build a model of formation of competitive advantages of production subjects. In the process of the research, on the basis of the distinguished groups of factors of competitiveness, the corresponding drivers of the factor model of production are formed. In view of the determined dependence of competitiveness on the balance of the factor model, a 3D model of the optimal complex of measures within implementation of corporate strategy is created. The necessity for developing long-term competitive advantages from the position of formation of unique characteristics, formed at the level of strategic potential within corporate culture of a high level, is substantiated.

Currently there is no clarity in the composition and content of management functions, in particular functions of managing macroeconomic systems, despite the fact that the functions of management are recognized as key elements of management. The aim of the study is the formation of the authors’ concept of management functions and its application to management of macroeconomic systems. Objectives of the study: (1) identifying approaches to the development of the concept of management functions and identifying promising approach, (2) an analysis of the interpretations of control functions and justification of its most appropriate interpretation, (3) the formation of multi-row concept of management functions, (4) development of proposals on improvement of the functional structure of management of macroeconomic systems. The study was based on a comprehensive, systems approach to management functions. The study found that the management function is an element of the management characterizing the completeness of the research activities itself, that management functions are allocated in the form of several rows, corresponding to different signs of their allocation, and developed an appropriate concept of management functions. On its basis, recommendations were made to improve the functional structure of state economic management in the Russian Federation on the grounds of stage of management process, relationship of time to correct deficiencies to the time of their occurrence, element of the environment of the managed object and depth of management.

Purpose – A very urgent need to create a suitable legal regulation system of innovative banking activity under the conditions of the new national economy’s formation.Design/Methodology/Approach – In terms of the legal research of the banking innovative entrepreneurial activity the authors designate actions aimed at creating a new or developed banking product, at developing and adjusting the ways of the banks’ entrepreneurial activity efficiency increase, which are oriented at achieving the economic and strategic effect during banking operations and transactions. The authors substantiate the significant place of the syndicated lending in the list of such actions. The article explores the advantages and disadvantages of the syndicated lending, the demand for this innovative banking product and its application area.The authors research the legal nature of the syndicated loan for the presence or absence of plurality of persons in obligation and for the agreement concluded between the syndicate members. The authors also explore the problem of slow development of the syndicated lending of the economic entities in Russian Federation. The authors note that this financial technology is successfully implied abroad for a long time, while in the Russian Federation the syndicated lending is considered as an innovative banking product.Findings – The authors come to the conclusion that this situation is caused by the lack of the detailed legal regulation of this area of business relations and also by the poor development of the mutual credit partnership between commercial banks.Originality/Value – The authors reveal the legal regulation loopholes, elimination of which will promote the syndicated lending of local debtors and, as a result, the growth of the national economy real sector in general.

Significance of determination and detailed study of managerial, economic, financial, and legal aspects that determine the perspectives of information society’s development from the point of view of a separate country is substantiates. The purpose of the research is to substantiate understanding of information society as a multi-level notion that draws interest of various sciences: management, social science, philosophy, political science, and jurisprudence. The paths of development of information society and the aspects that lead to achievement of the set landmarks are determined, and the methods of overcoming of the emerging problems of information society’s development are offered. The authors use the methods of theoretical analysis of economic, managerial, sociological, and legal literature and generalization of practical experience of development of national economy.

The purpose of the article is to study the current influence of the institute of ICT on effectiveness of marketing activities of Russia’s regions and to determine the perspectives of its increase with the help of expanding the use of this institute. The author uses the method of regression analysis, as it allows for precise and detailed characterization of connection between effectiveness of marketing activities of regions and the level of development of ICT. Due to lack of statistical information on territorial marketing in Russia, evaluation of its effectiveness is performed on the basis of the corresponding statistical indicators, for which bringing down to common measuring units a developed author’s method is used. It supposes calculation of effectiveness by finding the proportion of the result, which in the aspect of territorial marketing is competitiveness of the region according to AV Group, to expenditures for its achievement – expenditures for territorial marketing. The indicator of development of the institute of ICT is the index of information society development, calculated by the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation. The objects of the research are regions of the Southern Federal District of the RF. It is concluded that one of the reasons for low effectiveness of marketing activities of Russia’s regions is insufficient attention to the institute of ICT, which is a popular tool for optimization of modern socio-economic phenomena and processes in the conditions of creation of information economy. In order to solve this problem, the author develops and presents the model of institutionalization of usage of ICT in territorial marketing of Russia and its transfer into electronic form.

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the necessity for application of new ICT as a key criterion of highly-effective PPP by the example of modern Russia. The influence of new ICT on effectiveness of PPP is determined with the help of regression analysis. The sources of data for the analysis include the materials of association “Center of PPP development”, prepared for the infrastructural congress “Russian week of PPP-2017”, which reflect effectiveness of PPP in Russia’s regions, and the reports of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation for 2016, which contain regional values of the indices of information society development. The objects of the research are regions of the Southern Federal District of the RF. As a result, it is proved that the key criterion of highly-effective PPP is application of new information and communication technologies (ICT). Insufficient attention to new ICT in modern Russia is a restraining factor on the path of development of the mechanism of PPP and achievement of its high effectiveness. The developed and presented author’s concept of application of new ICT in the interests of provision of high effectiveness of PPP practices shows that new ICT open possibilities for minimization of expenditures due to electronic tenders, which are peculiar for high competition between participants, and maximization of the result, by electronic calculations and electronic reports on the course of implementation of the PP projects, as well as electronic management, peculiar for simplification and acceleration of managerial processes.

The purpose of the article is to study the issues of concept and place of customs control in the framework of the EAEU, as well as to highlight the main features of customs control under the new legislation and its impact on entrepreneurship. The methodological basis of this research includes the dialectical method of cognition based on a system of General scientific and private-scientific methods: the logical method (in the statement of material, formulation of conclusions); the historical method (in the process of researching the evolution of ideas about customs control); and statistical method (in the process of analysis and synthesis of material); content analysis (the analysis of individual provisions of legislative acts, scientific works), method of system analysis (with determination of the place of customs control in the customs control system of the CC CU and the EURASEC) and others. The innovative nature of the Customs Code of the EAEC, which greatly simplifies and accelerates the conduct of customs control, makes it possible to believe that its implementation will ultimately contribute to the growth of trade volumes and will become one of the tools for the development of entrepreneurship.

The authors characterize the peculiarities of the modern processes of informatization and information technologies in management and determine the factors that hinder their innovational development; show the meaning of information systems for administrative and economic management in the conditions of creation of integrated information space; substantiate the necessity for legal regulation of application of automated systems against the background of current integration of the tasks of long-term planning and operative adapted management of spheres, territories, companies, and organizations.

This article explores the criminal legislation of Russia and other countries that provides for responsibility for the commitment of computer-related crimes. Comparative legal analysis is carried out both at the level of national criminal legal systems (Russia, USA, China, France, Germany, etc.) and at the level of legal families: the Anglo-American (the UK, the USA), Romano-Germanic (France, Italy, Russia, Germany, etc.) the Scandinavian (Denmark, Sweden, Finland), socialist (China). Comparative legal research was performed according to the following criteria: the source of law that stipulates criminal responsibility for committing cyber crimes and the objective and subjective characteristics of corpus delicti. The article achieves several goals of scientific research. The cognitive goal is the study of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation and foreign countries that regulates liability for the commission of cyber crimes. The informational goal is to present legally relevant information on the criminal legislation of Russia and that of foreign countries regarding responsibility for cyber crimes. The analytical goal is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of criminal law legislation of Russia and foreign countries, fixing liability for the commission of cyber crimes, to identify its peculiarities and development trends. The integrative goal is to determine the possibility of harmonization and approximation of criminal legislation of Russia and other countries that regulates liability for the commission of cyber crimes. A critical goal is to identify the gaps that exist in the legal regulation of guilty persons’ responsibility for the commitment of computer-related crimes in the Russian criminal legislation and that of other countries.Research Methods. The study uses the dialectical method on the basis of which phenomena and concepts are determined comprehensively, in conjunction with public relations, and it makes use of historical and legal, formal-legal and comparative legal methods.Results. The authors identify contradictions, gaps and collisions in the Russian and foreign legislation regarding liability for cyber crimes. They put forward recommendations aimed at eliminating these contradictions and improving some norms of criminal law. A general conclusion was made concerning a trend towards convergence of national criminal legal systems in terms of responsibility for computer information crimes. In particular, it finds its expression in common characteristics of corpus delicti and the existence of crimes similar in nature and content and different only in names.

Project financing is a new tool for the Russian investment market. Provision of effective usage of project financing requires a strictly regulated information support that reflects structured events on attraction of investments and their usage. The existing forms of information support for project financing have certain problems. Firstly, there is no methodological basis of project financing within the single information content. Secondly, there is ineffectiveness of implementation of information support for project financing at the initial stage of implementation of an investment project. These problems allowed formulating the purpose of the article, which consists in considering the information support for project financing in the Russian Federation from the position of perspective development. The methodological tools include the methods of analytical addiction, comparison, diversification of presentation of the research object, and assessment of existing knowledge. Novelty of the scientific article is based on the precondition of studying information support not from the position of creation of a model of actions that opens this phenomenon but on the basis of solving the problems related to ineffectiveness of the forms of information support at the initial stage of implementation of the investment project. The main direction of future research is substantiating the necessity for correcting information support for project financing in the RF and imitation of this model on the basis of application of discrete and process-based methods.

In this article, the author studied the issues of organization of effective propaganda of VFSK GTO. In theoretical analysis, the author of the research considers the modern obstacles to effective formation of the positive consciousness of people to perform complex GTO and maintaining a healthy lifestyle in general. In order to promote the GTO complex from the point of view of the author of the research, it is necessary to promote among the population a clear idea about the main goals and most important tasks of this complex, its performance and standards, not excluding the formation of a system of moral and material incentives, ensuring the availability of the material base for the implementation of individual training of citizens.

The article considers major theoretical approaches to the notion of financial control in the legislation of the Russian Federation and EU countries. A comprehensive analysis provides a better understanding of this financial law institution both in the Russian and European legal sciences. The authors compare positions of a number of modern scholars, which enables them to develop a universal approach to the legal nature and essence of financial control. The authors’ approach is based on two premises: (1) financial control is possible only within the framework of financial relations, and (2) these frames are defined by the norms of financial legislation on a given territory. Financial control includes a system of controlling bodies as well as ways and means of their functioning. In its nature, financial control is a complex phenomenon, which has its objectives, sphere of application, object, subject and methods of research.

In the conditions of modern development, an important issue is implementation of the new information and communication technologies into modern economy. At that, priority of the directions of implementation and the technologies is an important and topical task for formation of a new paradigm of economic development. The following methods are used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, historical and logical, abstraction and formalization, and comparison. The scientific novelty of the work consists in studying the issue of priority of using the new modern technologies from the positions of significance of technologies as innovational tools and spheres of economy that occupy the leading positions due to implementation of these technologies into the main sectorial directions. This research could be useful for state and municipal officers who deal with economic development of territories and for the scholars who pay attention to this topic.

The article is devoted to the issue of applying the simulation method during studying the bank department’s work as a queuing system. Complexity and unpredicted behavior of the system may lead to the results of the automatic modeling differing from real behavior of the system not only quantitatively but also qualitatively – that’s why it is necessary to make serious simplifications during studying the behavior of real systems. If the questions that are to be answered by the model relate not to determining fundamental laws and reasons that determine dynamics of the real system but to practical analysis of its behavior, application of imitation modeling is justified. For studying the peculiarities of functioning and evaluating the indicators of efficiency of bank department’s work, an imitation model of the system of mass service is presented, the incoming flow of applications of which has visible distribution, and time of customer service is subject to the normal law of distribution. The computer experiment is performed in the modeling environment SimEvents of the MATLAB Simulink system. The results of imitation modeling of the process of bank department’s functioning are provided, and analysis of indicators of its work efficiency is performed. The received results confirm the universal character and efficiency of the event-based approach for diagnostics of work and optimization of the structure of queuing systems. Application of the modern means of visual-oriented programming allows using the capabilities of virtual means of registration and visualization of results.

At present, solving the fundamental problem of management, which consists in creation of favorable conditions of company’s functioning and achievement of maximum effective results of its activities is reached by means of creating the strategy of development. In the conditions of market economy, development and implementation of the strategy is an important element of successful functioning of the Russian industrial companies. However, analysis of the theory and practice of formation and implementation of strategic plans shows that enterprises of the machine building sphere lack the methodological tools which contains the rational methodology, model, and algorithm of development and implementation of the company’s strategy. In particular, the Russian Federation has not federal legal acts and documents that contain methodological recommendations and orders for formation and implementation of the strategies of development of industrial enterprises. Thus, studying the directions and tendencies of strategic development of the Russian machine building enterprises is very interesting.

At present, the factor of society’s informatization influences the formation of the service market of physical culture, sports, and fitness services. The article determines the main tendencies of development of information technologies in the sphere of physical culture and sports services and substantiates informatization of this service sphere. Informatization in the sphere of physical culture and sports services is defined. The complexity of the studied problem and the object of the research predetermined the use of various methods during determining the main directions of informatization in the sphere of physical culture and sports services. The role and influence of advertising on social networks on the process of attraction of population to healthy living and promotion of physical culture and sports services are viewed. The main directions of development of informatization of physical culture and sports services are determined. The tendencies of promoting the sphere of physical culture and sports services are determined, including the following:promoting physical culture and sports services via Internet resources, with the help of social networks, and pop-up ads in search engines;informatization of the sphere of physical culture and sports services as the most effective method of attracting the potential consumers from different targeted audiences;advertising physical culture and sport in social networks as the most accessible and profitable type of commercial advertising.The most popular Internet applications that are used by Russian consumers of physical culture and sports services are viewed.

The key condition of achieving or maintaining the company competitive advantage is appropriate strategy formulating, providing sustainable development of an economic object. The BCG, General Electric, Ansoff, McKinsey and PIMS strategy formulating tools are the most well-known. Recently suggested in literature, the SPACE method enables to overcome some of these approaches limitations. The SPACE model is being applied to analyze the company position in external and internal environments and to develop strategic directions that enable to achieve and maintain the favorable company competitive position. The primary objective of this article is to offer the adaptation of the SPACE model as an sustainable development management tool of economy sectors and to apply it for the Volga Federal District.The results of method applying enable to make a conclusion about high differentiation of economic sectors competitive position. According to the place on the SPACE diagram economic sectors were classified on four types (aggressive, conservative, competitive, and defensive), it enables to identify tendencies of enterprises development with the help of the strategic decision map. It was shown that the region does not use potential in corpore. It is one of the factors that impedes region economic growth and demands actions complex for improving conditions that exists for investors and entrepreneurs.The methodic and the theoretical conclusions can be utilized for developing and implementing the strategic plans of sustainable development of administrative-territorial units.

The modern conditions of functioning of regional markets require constant modification of process interrelations between the main participants. These interrelations are built on the basis of complete and authentic information. According to this, the more intensive the process of informatization, the more efficient the development of regional markets. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the influence of the processes of informatization on regional markets’ development. For this, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: study the theoretical model of interaction of regional markets; determine the key processes of informatization of the territorial structure; form the model of management of regional markets’ informatization; offer the model of assessment of regional market’s information potential. Scientific novelty of the research consists in consideration of the process of informatization of regional markets from the position of quantitative and qualitative evaluation. The methodology of the research includes the methods of grouping, dynamics, comparison, modeling, and theoretical substantiation. This research will be interesting for specialists in the sphere of regional development, micro-economists, and researchers who study formation of territories’ information environment.

During development of the documents of strategic development of municipal entities, proper attention is rarely paid to the sphere of information and communication technologies. Modern city community is interested in increase of transparency, social orientation, and economic effectiveness of managerial decisions made by municipal authorities on behalf of the population. Implementation of information technologies into the process of city management allows solving a lot of problems of municipal management. The purpose of the research is to develop generalized recommendations for development of strategic documents of city development management with implementation of information technologies. The work is based on application of well-known methods of economic cognition: economic observation, economic induction, and building economic hypotheses. In the process of studying the modern state and problems of city management, the main goals and tasks of municipal management are determines, the elements of control over managerial decisions are studied, and the aspects of selecting the priorities of city development are determined. As a result, on the basis of structuring of the problems and drawbacks of the existing system of decision making and in view of the principles of regulation of the city management system, the authors offer and describe the algorithm of development of the strategy of city development with implementation of information and telecommunication technologies. Prioritization of the programs of implementation of information innovations into municipal management possesses large investment potential and allows – in the conditions of limited financial & economic resources – forming strategically significant drivers and being an engine of socio-economic development of separate territories and city agglomeration on the whole.

One of the aspects of improving economic security of the region is creation of economically stable and efficient economic structures.The experience of creating and operating of industrial parks created at the discretion “from above” (of the authorities) in the region indicates that the desired result is not always achieved. The administrative resource does not always work in the market economy.Adequate market mechanisms for organizing park structures, based on economic feasibility and profitability of a similar project are needed.Creation of regional logistics industrial parks has its own specific character that consists in the integration on the same territory of the economic entities that have different functional orientations but fulfill the complex task of creating effective regional logistics infrastructure with a high level of logistic service.To solve this problem, it is necessary to comply not only with the organizational and functional conditions, but first of all, with the economic conditions for entering of an economic entity into the park integration system.The article explores the conditions of organizational and economic sustainability of the regional logistics industrial park of the transit region, based on the example of the Voronezh region.

The article generalizes and systematizes the non-applied research of motivation issues; a variety of definitions and motivational theories, their features and interrelations, as well as methodological foundations of the formation of the motivational mechanism are under consideration. Based on the theoretical study of advanced scientific thought, motivation is regarded as a dynamic process of motive formation in the context of the digital economy. The authors consider the fundamental principles of the formation of the motivational mechanism, the influence of various factors on the motivation of an employee; the methods of motivation and their characteristics are systematized. The studies of staff motivation issues of LLC Engineering Research Center are presented. Special techniques are used that are relevant, in particular, in the context of digital economy; the rating of the values of the employees, the rating of the degree of satisfaction of needs, the degree of correspondence between them and the degree of mental tension, the main motivators of the individual and the group, as well as the degree of manifestation of the signs of interaction in the team are identified. The research results were used as a basis for the development of the methods of staff motivation improvement that meet both social and material needs of the staff and the needs for self-expression that are codirectional with the goals of organization. An advanced model of the methodology of implementation of the motivation system with due account for the main problems of the activities of the organization is presented; its stages are described.

The authors study the main approaches to evaluation of information in the system of controlling of organization’s economic security – syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic. Various methods of measuring the quantity and quality of information are studied, which influence the understanding of information and knowledge of the subject of the system of economic security controlling.

The article considers the competence approach, necessary for the assessment and development of the personnel of the credit organization; a comparative analysis of models of staff competencies used in such large banks of Russia as Sberbank and VTB; identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the models. It is concluded that the competence model is a reliable basis for the effective construction of the entire personnel management system of the bank in order to maximize the full and effective use of the professional potential of its employees.

This article is devoted to the issues of formation of cluster policy, which performs large influence on region’s strategic development. Development of regional cluster policy requires paying special attention to development of IT proto-clusters, which are growth points of full working clusters. Using the global experience in the sphere of creation and development of clusters is not sufficiently studied in the sphere of strategic development of IT proto-clusters, which negatively influences the development regional cluster policy. IT proto-clusters are formed due to emergence of sustainable ties between their participants that possess innovative activity, due to which creation and development of regional IT proto-clusters is accompanied by quick distribution of innovational products and effective exchange of information between its participants.Analysis of international experience in the sphere of formation of regional clusters according to the dirigisme and liberal models and application of the global experience in development of cluster approach during realization of strategic development of regions shows the possibilities for creation of clusters in the Russian conditions in view of adaptation technologies. Development of the cluster policy in the Russian economy in the context of strategic development is influenced by the processes of market transformation. The main peculiarities of the modern cluster policy in the Russian Federation include large influence of the state and low level of development of business climate and spatial structure of economy.Wise development of IT proto-clusters in the regions is an urge for creation of competitive advantages not only at micro- and macro-levels, as IT clusters are growth points, ensuring promotion of goods and services at the international markets.

Cluster members are in the state of constant resource and factor exchange and distribution. These interactions should be viewed in the context of the concept of the network interfirm cooperation. The purpose of the article is to: (1) substantiate profits of economic subjects from participating in network relations; (2) study peculiarities of network interfirm cooperation of the members of a cluster organization in the context of the resource-oriented approach; (3) study the resource and factor interactions within a cluster with the help of the model of economic space and institutional field. The survey is based on a complex analysis of interfirm networks, as a means of regulating interdependence between companies and the process of unification of efforts of cluster members during using production resources and factors within a cluster. The findings confirmed that the possibility of economy by cluster members with expenditures for transaction factors during interaction between each other should be viewed as a condition that predetermines the effect of network cooperation in a cluster.

Topicality of the studied problem is predetermined by the purpose of complex analysis of the phenomenon of prison industry, which is an independent form of economic and legal activities performed by the subjects, guided by different and rather contradictory priorities, which implement their subjective interests and stand by their subjective rights within communications of the partnership and conflict types. At that, the issue how national peculiarities of establishment and development of prison industry in Russia allow including and adapting it into the sphere of action of international penitentiary law, as well as bringing it into correspondence with objective economic regularities, remain open.The purpose of the article is to determine and open general tendencies and peculiarities of establishment and development of the institute of prison industry in Russia and foreign countries. The main methods of the research are the methods of historical and rather-legal analysis, as well as the method of inter-sectorial synthesis, which allow for complex consideration of the process of formation of the institutes of prison industry as a structural and functional element of the system of economic and legal relations.Results: the article presents historical stages of establishment of the institute of prison industry in Russia and foreign countries, study general tendencies and peculiarities of its formation, and determine socio-economic preconditions of emergence of the institute of prison industry as an element of market relations and the object of legal regulation. The article has practical value for specialists in the sphere of penitentiary law and penitentiary economics and those conducting scientific research in the sphere of legal regulation of penitentiary relations and activities in the sphere of penitentiary law and economic planning.

The article is devoted to development of the program product that allows solving the tasks of analysis of incoming and outgoing processes of the systems of management quality for determining the hidden interactions between them. For solving the set task, analysis of requirements of the corresponding international standards was performed. The concept of the process and the foundation for collecting data on it are analyzed. Organizational analysis of the factors that complicate collection of correct data is performed, causes of these factors are determined, and correcting actions are determined. As a result, an algorithm and software product are created, which is peculiar – due to application of machine teaching methods – for the capability to improve the incoming data on the processes, determine linear regularities in data collections, rank incoming flows according to their contribution into outgoing flows, and model the behavior of the process in the set conditions. The developed program product allows supporting the process of managerial decisions making aimed at creation of economically effective architecture of the systems of quality management.

A view through the prism of chaos of the age of globalization on very complex and ambiguous socio-economic and political processes of modern times leads to understanding – development of the scientific progress and positive aspects and benefits of globalization in the form of the common information field and growing exchange of technological innovations lose attractiveness due to growth of inequality in development of states, emergence of large difference between the rich and the poor, and unpredictability of political events in certain countries and regions. Examples of dynamically or slowly developing (depending on subjective ideological approach) chaotic systems in the sphere of politics leads to understanding the topicality of studying the theory of chaos as applied to political analysis.

The authors study the issues of integrating modern information computer technologies into marketing processes of the company and into the system of product promotion. Theoretical analysis and generalization of the notion “strategy of promotion” are performed, and peculiarities of development of this notion in information society in the conditions of usage of information and compute technologies are determined. Mobility of the category “marketing mix” is confirmed – especially, in view of quick development of modern technologies and society. Evolution of the components of marketing complex and peculiarities of its component structure in the service sphere and Internet communications are studied. The set of marketing technologies and innovational marketing solutions, based on overtaking development of information and computer technologies, for the elements of marketing mix as to services is determined. The complex character of application of marketing technologies within TTL advertising and simultaneous work of innovational marketing technologies for several components of marketing mix – in particular, product promotion – are substantiated. Description of a range of innovational marketing technologies in the retail sphere is provided, and peculiar information and computer solutions are studied.

Wide implementation of information technologies influences the market of factoring services. This condition influences also the conceptual approaches to implementation of factoring operations. Appearance of new software – E-factoring, EDI factoring, etc. – enabled application of smart tools for further improvement of this market of financial services. According to this, the purpose of the article is to study genesis of development of factoring services market in the conditions of implementation of information technologies. The tools of the research include the methods of analytical assessment, historical analysis, and modeling of genesis of situational development. The factor of significance of the research is reflected in the context of formation of genesis of development of factoring services market in the Russian Federation on the basis of distinguishing specific characteristics of factoring products. On the whole, the article will be interesting as a structured material for reflecting the key periods of development of factoring services market and a tool for conduct of further research in this sphere of relations.

Development of economy in the 21st century envisages application of new tools for regulating the current issues. Appearance of the objects of intellectual property and IT technologies predetermined importance and necessity for implementation of public-private interaction within top-priority directions of development of digital society’s economy. Application of macro-economic models of public-private partnership under the influence of transformation of economic processes of country’s national economy is especially topical. According to this thesis, the purpose of the article is to consider the existing macro-economic models of public-private partnership and to determine a perspective form of implementation of this interaction. Within this purpose, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: consider theoretical peculiarities of manifestation of public-private partnership in national economy; form macro-economic models of implementation of public-private partnership; determine a perspective model of implementation of public-private partnership in the conditions of society’s digitization. The methodological basis of the research includes the following methods: grouping and synthesis of information data, transparency of model image, implication of authors’ conclusions, and comparative characteristics. The aspect of interest to this topic is based on the scale of research of public-private partnership in various spheres of economy and levels of national management.

The general principles of construction of systems with the decentralized basis, at the heart of which cryptography methods are, are considered in the offered article, models of transactors what consist of definition list of information on what is able the transactor to do and what the transactor isn’t able to do. Examples of algorithms and models of interaction of the blockchain hashchain network main participant for payment registration of housing services and utilities, made as a result of the researches conducted by group of erudite students during the 2016–2018 research within initiative work of scholarship under the leadership of Pyatigorsk State University professor, Anatoly Makarov, are given in this article.

The article deals with semiolinguistic aspects of the application of information technologies to such a branch of human knowledge and activity as an economy that is a semiotic fragment of the linguistic and semiotic picture of the world. The concept of digital economy as an alloy of economic concepts and information technologies proper as an instrument of their application is explored. The process of clustering the signs of the digital economy into groups is studied, the definition of the corresponding sign-nominations entering into these groups is given. A special place is given to the concepts associated with digital financial assets, which are supposed to be introduced into the Russian financial system. The interest of the higher Russian school in the digital economy is ascertained, as a result of which the first educational units are created that are engaged in the propagation of knowledge in this field. It is also stated that the basic language of the industry remains English as the base language for fixing ideas and knowledge in the field of digital economy.

The modern processes of globalization showed crisis aspects in development of financial relations. Financial crises started covering the whole global economic society, which leads to fluctuations in the balance of the whole economic system. In such situation, it is important to determine the reasons for instability and to develop the methods for preventing crisis situations.Analysis of foreign and domestic studies on the problems of cyclicity shows that despite the large scientific progress, there is no integrated approach to determining the nature and essence of cyclicity of economic systems. The modern market economy is peculiar for susceptibility to changes and structural instability. Using classic methods of forecasting of economic dynamics is difficult – thus, there’s a necessity to develop the methods that allow forecasting the dynamics of economic cycles and diagnosing crisis situations at the initial stages of development.Thus, the purpose of the work is to develop one-product dynamic model “bank’s economy in the regime of bankruptcy”, which allows for objective evaluation of the economic state of the bank in each period of time and for forecasting of bank’s bankruptcy.The main provisions of the model are provisions of the Keynes theory of effective demand. Mathematical tools are based on the provisions of the theory of sustainability of elastic systems and differential equations of free fluctuations of non-conservative system.As a result, high-quality analysis of the model as to the values of bankruptcy indicator is given. This expands the possibility of operative management and forecasting of bank’s economic state.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the state of control and supervisory activities in the Russian Federation and to determine its improvement trends. Particular attention in the article is given to the analysis of the legal foundation of the organization and carrying out of activities aimed at preventing of violations of mandatory requirements.Based on the findings of the conducted research, the authors come to the conclusion about low efficiency of state control (supervision) activities carried out by the public authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation. In addition, it appears that the introduction of positive prevention into the system of control and supervisory activities will occlude comprehension of the scheme of the whole process of control and supervisory activities.

The experience of designing a track with the use of the basic elements method showed its high effectiveness with the possibilities for the further improvement of the process of the automatized designing for the purpose of full elimination of the stage of graphical elaboration of the track and automatic consideration of all requirements set to it. For the purpose of realization of these possibilities, the issues of designing a clothoid track by approximation of succession of points of a sketch line with application of the methods of non-linear programming were viewed (method of approximation of succession of points). This method sets the task of the best approximation of the track to the set succession of point of the sketch line.

The purpose of the work is to determine the influence of various types of transport and intermodal transport in effectiveness of modern company’s transport logistics and to develop the model of management of the risk component of intermodal transport on the basis of new ICT within optimization of modern company’s transport logistics. This goal is achieved with the help of regression analysis, in two stages. The first stage includes determining the influence of the share of intermodal transport on export activity, simplicity of doing business, and effectiveness of logistics in the countries of the world. The second stage includes evaluation of various types of transport on effectiveness of logistics. At that, the authors use the official statistical materials of the World Bank and the OECD for 2016. The research objects include the leaders for volumes of export in 2016 – China, the USA, Germany, and Japan (according to the ranking), and Russia. It is concluded that intermodal transport ensure increase of effectiveness of transport logistics of a modern company and are more preferable than selection of one type of transport; application of the new information and communication technologies (ICT) opens new wide possibilities and new perspectives in the sphere of solving the problem of management of the risk component of this transport. The authors offer the proprietary model of management of the risk component of intermodal transport on the basis of new ICT within optimization of modern company’s transport logistics, which shows that transition of managerial processes into electronic form and their authomatization allows reducing the main risks of intermodal transport.

The purpose of the article is to single out the informational materials of the selection of publications in the regional online media and news websites dedicated to the problems of national and cultural and ethnic religious self-determination of the peoples of the North Caucasus, their classification and analysis. The researches of publications on these topics (including their content analysis with the identification of relevant lexical items) are a significant trend of modern Russian politological research. The analysis of the array of information on the problem of national and cultural and ethnic religious self-determination made it possible to identify the focal points presented on the media scene of the North-Caucasian Federal District and the Southern Federal District: the language discourse of national cultural self-determination; historical memory and issues of rehabilitation of victimized peoples, conflict projections of the “Circassian issue”, glorification of mythological subjects, rituals, religious practices and ethnic activists. Such a specification of the subjects, the emphasis on certain newsworthy information allows us to talk about a new round of the process of national and cultural self-determination, determined both by domestic and foreign policy issues. The result of the work can be presented in the form of the following recommendations related to information support of identified issues in the electronic environment: taking the pressing problems out of the realm of politics; prevention of politicization of the land issue, rehabilitation issue, etc.; avoiding purposeful ethnicization, ethnic glorification of problems; avoiding the understatement of problem points; involvement of respected religious and public figures as the experts on the problem to comment on the situation.

The purpose of the research is to develop a cryptographic model of protection from unsanctioned influence on the process of remote control of an object through wireless exposed channels of communication. In order to achieve this goal, we developed a hybrid probabilistic model of cryptographic transformations of codes of controls, transferred through exposed channels from one or several control units.The developed cryptographic models of such distributed systems will ensure solution of the following tasks: firstly, encryption of the same code of control action is changed unpredictably in each following session of communication; secondly, the procedure of authentication of incoming cryptograms is conducted instantaneously – before the stage of decryption of the cryptogram.The first task is solved by application of a hybrid probabilistic model of cryptographical transformations, second – by means of using a specially developed structure of cryptogram that allows applying direct analysis of several one-bite requisites of cryptogram to obtain correct data on authenticity of the author of cryptogram.

The purpose of the article is to determine the possibilities and perspectives of application of the ICT in the process of management and development of rural territories’ labor resources by the example of modern Russia. For evaluating the current level of development of rural territories’ labor resources, the authors use the method of competitiveness polygon. This method allows for complex evaluation of competitiveness of rural territories’ labor resources on the basis of various criteria: level of education, level of qualification, level of innovational activity, level of labor efficiency, and level of manageability. As a result of evaluation of competitiveness of rural territories’ labor resources in modern Russia, a conclusion is made that according to most evaluation criteria the competitiveness of these resources is low. This is caused primarily by isolation of Russia’s rural territories from regional centers (cities) which are the sources of innovational development and emergence of labor resources. In order to solve the determined problems and increase competitiveness of labor resources of modern Russia’s rural territories with the help of the ICT, the practical recommendations are offered and the authors’ model of development of rural territories’ labor resources on the basis of application of the ICT is developed.

The purpose of the work is to determine the possibilities and perspectives of mastering of the information and communication technologies (ICT) by labor resources of rural territories as a new vector of their development in modern Russia. A hypothesis is offered that implemented measures for stimulating the growth of labor efficiency on Russian rural territories provide insufficient effect for creation of highly-efficient jobs. The authors use the methods of regression and correlation analysis for compiling the models of paired linear regression, which reflect the character of connection between indicators, and calculate correlation coefficients that show strength of indicators and statistical significance of regression models. Based on systematized official statistical information of the Federal State Statistics Service (for 2011–2015), the authors study connection between investments and creation of highly-efficient jobs, labor payment (as a stimulus for further development), and labor efficiency in rural territories. The authors also use the method of horizontal and trend analysis for determining the growth rate of the values of these indicators. As a result, a conclusion is made that in the conditions of knowledge economy the key resources that can start self-supporting and innovational development of rural territories are labor and technological resources. A perspective direction of highly-effective use of labor resources of rural territories is implementation of the information and communication technologies (ICT) which allows modernizing agricultural production, which is a basis of rural territories’ development, and ensuring higher competitiveness of labor resources. As a result, the authors present their concept of mastering of the ICT by rural territories’ labor resources as a new vector of their development in modern Russia.

Creation of rich tourist activities is a key concept in scientific research and practice of tourism. As of now, there is no experience that would stimulate flexible transformation in the conditions of change of the market and increase of capabilities of consumers with information and communication technologies, which complicates formation and implementation of effective activities of the tourist sector for the companies that form tourist product and for consumer. The results received in the course of multiple studies showed that the ICT can stimulate emergence of new types of activities by transforming the existing ones, and eventually may lead to creation of new types that stimulate acquisition of tourist experience by consumers. Thus, synthesis of assigning the co summers with co-author’s authorities in manufacture of tourist product and active implementation of modern ICT changed the traditional roles, structure, and process of organization of activities in the tourist sector. Together with acknowledgment of large influence of the ICT on tourist activities on the whole, the experience of its comprehensive reconsideration in the modern conditions of society’s development is insufficient. The purpose of the research is to develop the conceptual foundations that unite co-creation of a consumer in organization of tourist activities, the ideas of “economy of impressions”, and recent achievements in the sphere of the ICT in the context of acquisition of tourist experience and growth of the tourist sector’s competitiveness. The results of the presented study show that the offered technology stimulates expansion of the possibilities of implementation of tourist activities on a large territory, which is determined by advantages of the ICT, namely instantaneous transfer of necessary information in real time and constant contact with potential consumers of tourist product, implementation of control on the basis of organization by ICT feedback, and high level of flexibility that stimulates the change of tourist product with necessity or requirements from the consumer.

The purpose of the work is to determine the main barriers and future perspectives of formation and development of human capital of rural territories with the help of new information and communication technologies (ICT). The authors use the method of regression analysis for determining the dependence of efficiency of using human capital of rural territories on the level of development of the ICT on the whole in the world and in view of developed (by the example of the USA, Germany, and Japan) and developing (by the example of China, Brazil, and Russia) countries. The indicator of using the efficiency of using human capital of rural territories is efficiency which is calculated by the authors on the basis of the official statistics of the World Bank as a ratio of gross added value, created on rural territories to the number of population of these territories. The indicator of the level of development of the ICT is the corresponding index provided by the International Telecommunication Union. As a result, the authors conclude that new ICT can be a modern tool of formation and development of human capital of rural territories – like in developed countries. In developing countries, the barriers on the path of successful implementation of this process are the high level of opposition to innovations and low information and communication competence of human resources of rural territories. The offered recommendations allow overcoming these barriers, and the developed and presented conceptual model of formation and development of human capital of rural territories with the help of new ICT shows this process.

The modern economic situation in Russia, imposing of sanctions, and increase of the problem of provision of food security determine the necessity for deepening of scientific research in the context of analysis of factors and determinants of the process of managing the development of the agrarian sphere of economy. Due to this, the problem of analyzing the methodology of the institutional approach to structuring of elements of the agrarian sphere’s development management becomes very urgent. The purpose of this article is to view the peculiarities of the methodology of the institutional approach to structuring of the elements of the agrarian sphere’s development management. The methodology of analysis of the object of the article is presented by the methods of scientific abstraction, formal logic, dialectical theoretical methods, the method of empirical analysis, etc. The institutional approach to structuring of the elements of management of the agrarian sphere’s development acquires the integration direction, as it unifies not only the functions but also the forms of the agrarian sphere’s development management. In this case, the state can influence the partners of agricultural goods manufacturers for the purpose of provision of their institutional responsibility. Participation of public authorities in stimulation of production and sale of agrarian resources is a necessary condition of guaranteeing the economic competitiveness. Determining the goals and motives of behavior of husbandries that function in the spheres of crop growing and cattle breeding allows the state to use the tools that stimulate their economic growth. This efficiency is a basic imperative of studying the functional structure of managing the development of agriculture, which changes its state under the influence of external factors. Such imperative shows a multi-level character of development of the agricultural sector. Besides, it is a landmark for harmonization of relations between economic and government agencies and stimulates acceleration of the processes of restoration of the material and technical basis of crop growing and cattle breeding. In this sense, the institutional approach to structuring of the elements of managing the agrarian sphere’s development reflects the partner-supporting direction of its subjects’ functioning. It characterizes the analyzed process as an addition to self-management of population’s economies, peasant farm enterprises, and agricultural organizations with managing influences of the state. Thus, expanded treatment of the structure of the studied management with the corresponding functions, imperatives, and forms of its manifestations are achieved. This approach shows expedience of using the economic & state form of managing the agrarian production and allows speaking of perspectives of development in the system of agro-industrial complex of inter-sectorial partnership. In its essence, management of development of agriculture is a process of institutional influence of economic and government organizations on the conditions of production and sale of food. At that, the institutional paradigm, which is used in coordinates of the scientific school of management, allows applying scientific tools for solving the problem of food security of various countries in view of changes of the market environment of the agrarian sphere.

Sustainable economic development of some regions without industrial potential depends entirely on the tourism sector of the economy. The technologies of recreational communications, i.e. the technologies of submission and presentation of information related to recreation and travel, are of great importance in supporting of the tourism services market. The development of hardware shifts the flow of such information into the sphere of information and communication technologies, in particular, Web technologies. The article is devoted to the use of multimedia Web-maps, QR-codes and databases for the provision of tourist-oriented information products in the region of Caucasian Mineral Waters. The article describes the development of a multimedia map of the tourist objects of the Caucasian Mineral Waters and the QR-code database related with it. The system allows getting a brief information about the selected objects, to create an excursion route, to view pictures. The users can choose language (Russian, English or French). In the future, the choice of languages will be expanded and the opportunity to listen to audio stories about tourist objects of this resort region will be added. Such a system can increase the interest of tourists and vacationers from all over the world to visit the Caucasian Mineral Waters that will have a positive effect on the economic development of the region.

In the course of the current research, the authors have defined the prerequisites of ecologizing the accounting as part of the accounting processes, the criteria for establishing the accounting in terms of the ecological-economic balance and elaborated the order of organizing the ecological management accounting. The research article also suggests the methods of providing ecological security and justifying the expediency of applying them in order to ensure all management levels with ecological information and to reduce the arising environmental risks.

Modern development of the global economy is built on the principles of sustainable development, mandatory consideration of the ecological component, and development of eco-innovations. The article views the peculiarities and the sense of ecological innovations, as well as the methods of formation of eco-innovations in the global economy and the Russian economy. The authors present analysis of dynamics of eco-innovations in Russia for 2010–2015, determine the existing problems during implementation of eco-innovations in Russia, and offer the mechanism of eliminating the barriers during management of eco-innovations implementation.

The authors offer the model of organization of innovational and production management of economic subjects of the agrarian sector within the agri-cluster cooperation formation. The formulated approaches were adapted to the system of management of agrarian company, and the methodology of evaluation of management system’s effectiveness was developed. The offers were approbated at several agrarian companies. Implementation of these approaches at a specific company ensured effective functioning of the system of intra-production relations for social, economic, ecological, institutional, and technological directions and confirmed the theoretical and methodological provisions of management of the agrarian sector’s economic subjects in the conditions of innovational economy.

Theoretical and methodological approaches to fuzzy set modeling of the level of food security with the usage of the system of indicators given in the national Doctrine are analyzed. The tool for implementation of the model is the environment of fuzzy inference FisPro. The developed fuzzy model of food security is built with the Mamdani algorithm and allows taking into account the influence of the key indicators of separate spheres in the integrated indicator of food security.

The purpose of the research is to study and generalize the main tendencies in the sphere of informatization of the spheres of social infrastructure, determined by the modern state of economy and society and development of information technologies. The actual state of the housing and utility sector is characterized by a lot of consumers of services with the small number of services’ manufacturers which do not support competitive mechanism; large number of direct and reverse connections between economic subjects of all levels, distributed character of formation and aggregation of information. Interaction between subjects is of a network character. Also, the tools of studying operations, the theory of mass services systems, and methods of optimization are used. Recently, social technologies of management of consciousness of large masses of people have been applied. In order to achieve positive changes in the sphere of the housing and utility sector, related to increase of the quality of provided services, reduction of their cost, and reduction of the number of equipment failures, as well as growth of manageability of the sector, it is expedient to increase the contour of public control by using “small groups of influence”, development of online interaction in social networks with representatives of public authorities, and development of the indicators of effectiveness of the sector’s companies with the use of the system of well-balanced indicators. It is recommended to use the formed contour of network interaction for the purpose of obtaining actual information on the state of the sector and satisfaction of population with the work of regional and municipal authorities, as well as formation of loyal attitude to the modernization processes.

The purpose of the work is to determine the role and meaning of the ICT infrastructure for development of entrepreneurial activities in the Russian agricultural machinery market. For that, the author uses the method of structural & functional and logical analysis, as well as the method of regression analysis, with the help of which the connection between the level of development of ICT infrastructure (index of ICT development according to the International Telecommunication Union) and the share of economic systems in the global agricultural machinery market is studied, for it reflects the level of development of entrepreneurial activities in the agricultural machinery markets, and indicators of entrepreneurial activities in the agricultural machinery market in Russia in 2010–2017. It is concluded that at the global level dependence of business activity from ICT infrastructure is easy to track, which reflects large potential of application of new ICT for stimulating development of entrepreneurial activities in the agricultural machinery market. In modern Russia, ICT infrastructure has a secondary role and has no meaning in the aspect of development of entrepreneurial activities in the agricultural machinery market, the reason of which is low level of development of ICT infrastructure in Russia and its improper use. The authors offer the model of development of entrepreneurial activities in the Russian agricultural machinery market in the basis of ICT infrastructure.

The article studies the main reasons for low level of information provision of agricultural production, including the absence of legal documents on systemic development of informatization; imperfection of applied forms and methods of operative planning and regulation of technological processes in most agricultural organizations; unpreparedness of most managers and specialists in agriculture in the sphere of effective usage of scientific methods for managing production processes. The offers for creation of a single three-level automated information and management system are given; it is an initial and necessary condition for improvement of management of agricultural production, improvement of organizational and economic mechanism of management of production processes in the sphere, and implementation of digital economy. Besides, two variants of development of informatization in agricultural production are provided. The first one is the classic variant, based on studying the management object, design of its tasks and functions, and the second is based on creation of a three-level information system of managing the system in the country’s regions.

The purpose of the work is to verify the offered hypothesis by the example of modern Russia and to development the mechanism of implementing the strategy of development of regional tourist and recreational clusters in the basis of new information and communication technologies (ICT). The methodology of the research is based on the systemic approach and application of the methods of problem and logical analysis for determining the problems that are peculiar for Russian tourist and recreational clusters. The information and analytical basis of the research includes the official materials of the Russian Cluster Observatory for 2018. As a result, the authors come to the conclusion that new ICT allow for successful overcoming of most existing problems peculiar for regional tourist and recreational clusters and of information and communication nature, thus stimulating implementation of strategies of their development. The offered mechanism of implementation of the strategy of development of regional tourist and recreational clusters on the basis of new ICT showed that these technologies ensure successful overcoming of information and communication barriers on the path of highly-effective interaction between these clusters, allowing for maximization of their effectiveness and creation of advantages for cluster participants and interested parties, including government regulators, business partners, and consumers.

Under the modern conditions, the problems of the support of the food security become more and more crucial for the Russian authorities. This situation explains the attention paid to the import replacement in the agriculture. The import replacing potential is understood by the authors as a system of quantitative and qualitative characteristics allowing implementing the competitive import replacing policy corresponding to the strategic goals of the regional development. The main constituents of the import replacing potential are: resources, environment, organizational and managerial efforts and results. The criteria of the rationality of the import replacing potential use of an industry is the conformity of the obtained results of the import replacement to the goals set in the strategic development of a region. The import replacing potential of an industry is determined not only by a complex of the opportunities for the import replacement projects but also by the relevant character of the obtained results within the strategic goals of the regional development. On the basis of these methodological positions the instruments of the problem oriented assessment of the import replacing potential of the agricultural complex was developed and its approval was made using the data from the regions of the South of Russia. The results of the analysis allowed finding growth contributing factors and the conditions hindering the modernization of the agricultural complex of the South of Russia from the point of view of the tasks of the import replacement under the condition of the permanent character of foreign economic sanctions.

This article is devoted to the analysis of the basic technologies of communicative integration in tourism sphere. As exemplified by assimilation of the English language vocabulary in aforementioned professional sphere the status of borrowed terms as the most important part of further development of informative and communicative technologies is characterized. In presented work different levels of assimilation were educed: phonetic-graphic level, morphological, lexical and semantic levels. Factual material of the research was taken from two languages: the English and Russian language. Essential common features and deep differences were analyzed. Such approach let formulate the most important conclusions about the stage of modern terminology system and define a tendency of parallel in lexical and semantic processes in both languages. The results of the analysis show that the characteristic feature of tourist terminology are internationalization of its components, connected primarily with globalization processes which led to the contingence of notional and terminological systems.

The historical, cultural and artistic phenomenon of the Caucasian theme in Russian literature is the only sufficiently strong cause for creating a unique literary brand under current socioeconomic conditions of the Caucasian Mineral Waters region. The brand, being a purely mental category, is formed on an absolutely pragmatic and material basis which is presented by a variety of tourist and recreational activities.

Security equipment is of prime importance in the information protection systems at the secure facilities. These primarily include passive infrared detectors. However, when designing security systems, the problems with calculation of the coverage areas may emerge. This is due to the lack of theoretical research into the association of statistical detection with selection of parameters for the calculation of the maximum detection range. To solve this problem, a special technique was developed for application of the basic passive location equation for the calculation of coverage areas of infrared detectors.The research was based on the equation of maximum range of passive receiver. Three cases of signal parameters and noise have been considered: signal detection through the white noise with fully known parameters, detection of signal the phase and amplitude of which are unknown, and detection of random signal through the noise.The calculations allowed identifying the conditions that upon their fulfillment will lead to the correct use of the formulas for passive signal detection through the noise.Conducted research allows associating the statistical detection theory with the equation of range of the passive radiator.

The article studies the theoretical aspects of formation and growth of revenues of the nation that has a lot of natural resources, in view of the classical and physiocratic economic schools. The authors determine economic factors and main measures of state regulation of effective reproduction of resource potential of agricultural production of the Russian Federation.

The purpose of the article is to study the potential of social networks as a tool of early detection of cancer and means of its opening by the example of modern Russia. The evidential basis of the research includes statistics of social networks according to the data of various research organizations and statistics of cancer rate according to the World Health Organization. The methodological tools of the research are based on analysis of time rows and the standard methods of scientific research – induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, and formalization. The authors prove that social networks are a perspective tool of early detection of cancer. Marketing in social networks is a modern tool, which is not only easily accessible and cheap for medical organizations but is accepted by the society, thus showing high effectiveness. Starting the programs on marketing of non-profit organizations in social networks will allow restoring interests of wide groups of population as a source of valuable information and solving important social problems. In particular, social networks could be a tool of early detection of cancer.

Subject. Actuality of the topic of the research is explained by growth of popularity of online banking services, which is an attribute of mobility and effectiveness in the conditions of modern information society. Also, threat of the growth of the level of cyber crimes and Internet crimes grows. Unfortunately, modern existing mechanism of protection of customer accounts cannot ensure full protection from unsanctioned access of criminals. This threat makes certain users refuse from online banking and Internet services, which causes inconveniencies and reduces the speed of financial operations. Thus, the subject of this research is economic relations that form in the process of online services and provision of their protection.Goal/tasks. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the search for effective mechanism of increase of information security of online banking services. According to the set goal, the work formulates and solves the following tasks: analysis of the volumes and effectiveness of customer service with Internet banking; study of dynamics of cyber crimes in Russia; analysis of existing mechanisms of information protection; development of recommendations for their improvement.Methodology. The authors use the method of statistical analysis, financial analysis, horizontal and vertical analysis of data for analyzing the effectiveness of Internet banking services and statistics of Internet crimes.Results. In the conditions of unstable development of economy, when the volumes of Internet services grows and cyber crimes take colossal scale – as to the sums of fraud and frequency of cases – the authors try to evaluate and develop new mechanisms of protection of customer accounts.Conclusions/significance. The value of this work consists in the fact that attention is paid to external theats to banking systems in the conditions of growth of the national payment independence from the external world.

The purpose of the research is to determine normative regulation of electronic commerce relations, which are elements of new information and communication technologies, as the object of legal regulation. In the countries with developed market economy there is a large experience of legal regulation of electronic commerce which could be used in the post-Soviet countries, including Russia. It is stated that normative regulation of electronic commerce is incomplete and has discrete character, requiring the creation of a comprehensive systemic basis. The effective laws do not have the normative definition of electronic commerce and the system of rules for its implementation and protection. This is caused by absence of clear national policy aimed at implementation of new information and communication technologies into trade relations between subjects of civil turnover in Russia. It is offered to pass the normative act that would ensure regulation of peculiarities of electronic commerce, excluding repeated provisions of civil law on buy and sell and using foreign legislative experience. The conceptual framework in the sphere of electronic commerce should be common within the national law and within the international law – for relations of electronic commerce are always of transborder character. The authors use general scientific methods of scientific cognition (analysis, synthesis) and the method of comparative legal analysis.

The purpose of the article is to study the legal aspect of labor activities of the persons working with information on other employees or implementing or using information technologies in their professional activities and to determine the perspective of regal regulation of their labor. The leading approaches to studying this problem are the method of legal analysis and direct and systemic treatment of legal norms. The results: labor of this category of persons should be regulated with special legal norms and controlled by employer with the help of information compliance, i.e., the system of measures for preventing the employer’s violating the law in the system of information protection. Increasing the employer’s image, information compliance should be conducted as to HR and accounting – for their execution of labor functions is within the area of compliance risks.

Quick development of information technologies changes almost all aspects of social life of population and country’s economy. This process is inevitable, which is related to formation of the global technological market. However, underrun of the Russian educational system in the process of informatization and development of information society will lead to reduction of further rates of intellectualization of innovational products, communication interaction between the global subjects of the innovational and investment market, and integration of the national human capital into more developed information systems. According to these theses, the purpose of the article is to determine the main problems and perspectives of informatization of the educational system in the Russian Federation for further development of information society. Implementation of this goal supposes solving the following tasks: considering the theoretical basis of informatization of the Russian education and development of information society; determining peculiarities of emergence and further stage process of informatization of the Russian education; determining peculiarities of the organizational process of management of informatization of regional educational systems on the basis of program and project management; substantiating certain problems and perspectives of informatization of education and society in the RF. The methodology of the work includes historical, comparative, and analytical methods, as well as generalization and theoretical analysis. Scientific novelty of the research consists in joint study of the processes of informatization of the educational system and development of information society. The authors’ offers could be used for further research in the sphere of formation of a new model of information and technological development of the system of higher education.

At present, social networks are very popular among young people. The volume of investments of such projects reaches several billions American dollars. As a result of a lot of studies, it has been determined that 75% of all users of the Internet have accounts in social networks, so they could be considered a platform for promoting various commercial and social projects. The world economy has directions of activities, professional communities, and separate specialists that deal with promotion in social networks. However, a lot of companies prefer a conservative approach to marketing and do not use the potential of such innovational methods. At the same time, modern conditions of market’s functioning lead to more active usage of modern methods, which gradually oust the traditional approaches of promotion. The purpose of the research is to determine potential possibilities of promotion of educational services in social networks. The authors determine the factors of innovational marketing tools and large potential of the Russian segment for target work with potential consumers. As a result of the research by the example of the programs of Faculty of management of Southern Federal University (Rostov-on-Don, Russia), economic expedience of using innovational marketing technologies for determining the demand among young people and attracting potential students is substantiated.

A large contribution into development of the modern marketing communications is performed by updated Internet technologies. For increase of effectiveness of commercial activities, PR and marketing specialists have to use new technologies, marketing tools, and non-standard approaches to mass communications. The article offers new approach to marketing communications in the commodity and service market. Dynamics of social networks’ development is studied. The developed algorithm of interaction between brand platform in social networks and targeted audience is offered. Division of marketing communications in social networks in several blocks is offered: formation of brand platform, management of brand platform, and mechanism of targeting and retargeting. Each direction is closely connected to other directions, and these blocks are viewed as tools of formation of marketing communications in the commodity and service market. The article gives the main characteristics of social networks and analyzes the tendencies of development of social networks as an advertising tool.

The purpose of the work is to substantiate the perspective directions of expanding the use of new technologies in higher education in modern Russia. In order to determine the effect from using new technologies in the sphere of higher education, we use the method of regression analysis, which allows determining the regression dependence and determination of human development index, calculated by the United Nations Development Programme (as the indicator of development of the higher education sphere) and the index of digital economy, calculated by the International Telecommunication Union (as the indicator of development of technologies) for 2012–2017. The works also uses the method ofд SWOT analysis, with the help of which the authors determine the problems and perspectives of expanding the use of new technologies in higher education, and the method of analysis of causal connections and the method of graphic interpretation of authors’ conclusions and recommendations. As a result, the authors substantiate that development of modern technologies is quicker than modernization of higher education. At present, implementation of these technologies has limited character, which does not allow realizing their potential in full. In order to solve the actual problems of the Russian higher education, the authors offer perspective directions of using new technologies. Implementation of these directions will allow for full-scale technological modernization of the Russian sphere of higher education. At that, the landmark is the developed and presented proprietary model of a modern university which emphasizes the fundamental role of new technologies in development of a modern university, which is an open and dynamically developing system that is in harmony with market environment.

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the necessity and to development recommendations for optimizing the management of educational services in Russia for providing succession of all levels of education with the help of new ICT by the example of modern Russia. The authors use the proprietary method of evaluation of the level of succession of all educational levels in the educational system. Based on the method of problem analysis, method of structural and functional analysis, index method, and the method of polygon, which is applied for assessing competitiveness, the authors have developed a method that allows conducting quantitative and qualitative assessment of succession of all levels of education in the educational system. This method includes expert evaluations for assigning scores to the offered indicators of the level of succession of all educational levels in the educational system. As a result of the research, it was found that the currently applied form of management of educational services in Russia in the interested of providing succession of all educational levels – federal state educational standards – determines the necessity for achievement of this purpose but does not fully stimulate its achievement. This is caused by insufficient flexibility and the universal character of the federal state educational standards. For solving this problem, the authors have developed and presented the proprietary mechanism of optimizing the management of educational services in Russia for providing succession of all levels of education with the help of new ICT. Within this mechanism, the necessity is substantiated and the essence of application of the new form management of educational services in Russia in the interested of provision of succession of all educational levels is reflected – integration of educational establishments (self-management). This form is based on application of new ICT.

At present, studying the problems of automobilization is conducted from the positions of socio-economic analysis. The researchers focus on the indicators of car industry development. Automobilization is the object of research by economists, specialists on urban development, historians, and culture experts. Social aspects of automobilization are not sufficiently studied. This means that scientific research of кyльтypoлoгoв is aimed at material factors. Specific individuals, who feel the influence of positive and negative aspects of automobilization, are left without attention. The authors analyze social consequences of automobilization in Russia. The authors note that over the recent twenty years the process of automobilization has been peculiar for very quick rates. The number of cars per 1,000 people doubled. This could be viewed as a progressive phenomenon. However, growth of the number of cars is due not only to domestic production. Used foreign cars are very popular with Russians. The authors analyze the results of sociological surveys, performed in Tolyatti in 2010 and 2015. They provide an idea on change of the needs of Tolyatti residents on preferable characteristics of cars.

The purpose of the article is to study the actual tendencies in the Russian labor market and to study the essence and causal connections of the Russian labor market as a result of development of Internet technologies. The authors use the method of trend analysis for determining the value and direction of the change of the key indicators of the Russian labor market’s development and the method of correlation analysis for determining the character and strength of influence on these indicators of Internet technologies’ development. The time frames of the research are 2005–2017. The following components of the labor markets are studies: ratio of employment and unemployment, ratio of employment as to forms of property, sectorial structure of employment, age structure of employment, and structure of employment as to the level of education. The indicator of development of Internet technologies is average value of the indices of Internet development according to the Wide Web Foundation. The authors substantiate that the Russian labor market is peculiar for intensive transformation processes under the influence of Internet technologies’ development. The work also shows that the determined transformation processes under the influence of Internet technologies’ development may cause the problems of the labor market’s development. For the complex solution of these problems, practical recommendations are offered, and a conceptual model of managing the transformation processes in the Russian labor market is created.

In this article, actual problems and perspectives of development of managerial science in the conditions of information society’s development are viewed. Influence of information technologies on sciences and scientific research is described. The essence of information society and its peculiarities are studied, and the problem of scientific and digital inequality of developing and developed countries is raised. The performed analysis is based on the modern methods of studying creative management. This methodology of studying the problems of managerial science is based on application of the system of integrative scientific methods: divergence, transformation, and convergence. The necessity and significance of practical application of the method of change of the thinking strategy are substantiated – this allows ensuring deeper interaction between spontaneous and organized thinking, which reflect various strategies of the process of thinking. As a result of the performed research, perspectives of development of managerial science in Russia are determined.

The articles studies the processes that take place at the regional level in the socio-labor sphere of rural communities. The level of manufacture of agricultural products in the region is shown in view of contribution of personal subsidiary plots. The main groups of population of rural communities with own subsidiary plots and participation in productive labor are given. The reasons and motives of behavior of rural pensioners with personal subsidiary plots are studied. A structural model is built that describes regularities of events and changes that take place in the socio-labor potential of rural territories. Creation of cognitive maps for computer modeling during studying the position of rural pensioners at the regional level is substantiated.

The article proposes a model of a “cognitive man”, which is considered as one of the fundamental results of the genesis of an “economic man” under the influence of scientific and technological progress and innovative development of the economy and society as a whole. The main goal of the material is an attempt to allocate and expand the idea that the most comprehensive understanding and consideration of the peculiarities of the influence of an artificial virtual environment and the information load on the employee, as well as new social relations that are formed within the virtual environment, determine the theoretical conditions and prerequisites for the formation of a “cognitive man” model.

Self-sufficiency of the national economy is one of its main characteristics in case of introducing financial and technological restrictions against the country. The aim of this work is to develop algorithms to increase the Russian economy’s self-sufficiency in conditions of sanctions restrictions. On the basis of the retrospective analysis of self-sufficiency indicators, the branches of the national economy, the most affected by sanctions and changes in the world market, including trade, hotels and restaurants, education, have been singled out. At the same time the best practices of self-sufficiency management are analyzed. Models and schemes to improve the competitiveness and self-sufficiency of the Russian economy are developed. The basis of the proposed models is the coordination of economic interests of all market entities. The result of the work is the organizational-economic model for the development of the Russian economy’s self-sufficiency. The scheme is designed for use by state authorities at the federal and regional levels in order to make scientifically sound management decisions in the formulation of long-term socio-economic development programs, improve competitiveness and ensure the self-sufficiency of the Russian economy. The recommendations can be used to modify Russian economic policy, programs of increasing the competitiveness of regions and domestic producers, for scientific and educational purposes.

The article presents the results of the research study examining the role and influence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on the new generation of school learners, specifically Generation Z. The curriculum developed and used in most Russian schools nowadays is based on the traditional sage-on-the-stage approach which fails to be effective in dealing with the current Generation Z cohort. To design teaching methodology properly it is urgent to find out the nature of the entire generation, the defining characteristic being their information-age mindset. The goal of the research was to study the primary, middle and high school students’ attitude toward the use of technology in education, the question if education should go digital forming the foundation for our study. Analysis of the empirical data showed that representatives of all studied age groups immersed in digital technology, are engaged in classroom activities if they include the use of ICT. We see the mission of school in providing high quality education to students, changing the traditional approach to classroom organization, and using teaching methods that would be relevant to the new generation of learners, meeting their new needs, values and goals. The latest technologies used in a balanced way in teaching encourage a person’s positive attitude to intellectual activity, stimulate and sustain the interest, thus boosting the learning performance.

The article studies the problems of information and communication technology’s influence on modern society, economy and human life. It discusses radical transformations of social, economic and mental spheres. The authors interpret informatization and computerization not only as technological but as global social phenomena. Transformation of the modern human being into the so called “homo informaticus” is also analyzed. Its features and distinctive characters are accented. Finally an influence of informatization on economic sphere is considered. The authors show the great changes brought by information economy into the social, communication and production spheres.

The authors view the influence of the information factor on the process of a potential applicant’s selecting a university and specialty. The purpose of the article is to analyze the effectiveness of organization of professionally-oriented work by the example of Volgograd State Technical University from the point of view of attraction of various information sources. The factors determining the necessity for conduct of professionally-oriented work are determined and the information components of the principles of regionalization, subjectivity, continuity, accessibility, and active and passive methods of providing the information for applicants are analyzed. As a result of the performed analysis of the information factor’s influence on the applicant during university selection, it is concluded that it is necessary use and form different sources of information: Internet sites, meetings with applicants in schools, open school days, contests, and parents’ meetings and to increase qualitative and specific means of informing, orienting not only at the modern means of bringing information to the applicant but at peculiarities of various psychological types of people that acquire information differently. The conclusions and recommendations are given for further increase of applicants’ knowledge on professionally-oriented work in Volgograd State Technical University.

The article is devoted to the search for the causes of poverty and measures for its prevention in Russia’s regions. The socio-economic situation in the regions is studied by the example of Volgograd Oblast, in which high level of poverty hinders the favorable social modernization in the region.For preventing economic poverty, the authors substantiate the effective means of state regulation in the sphere of organization of labor payment in the form of establishment of minimum wages, but which lost its main functional role for provision of minimum guarantees of reproduction of work force. Population’s revenues and the level of poverty in the region are studied. The authors have developed a new classification of poverty, sub-divided into economic and social. The authors make conclusion on the necessity for reducing social poverty among working population. The necessity for measures aimed at qualitative change of the institutional environment is shown.The authors study possible measures aimed at struggle against poverty and possible methods of local administration’s influencing the course of economic development of the region. Development of intra-regional innovational clusters in the federal districts of Russia is offered – they would hinder the formation of social poverty.

The purpose of the work is to determine the problems of managing a modern Russian university and to substantiate the necessity of provision of a central role to business processes in the structure of establishments of higher professional education by the example of modern Russia. The method of regression analysis is used – on the basis of the data of the World Economic Forum and the Federal State Statistics Service of the RF for 2012–2017. For thorough study of causal connections of development of the system of higher professional education, the authors also use the methods of systemic, problem, structural & functional, and logical analysis. As a result of the research, the authors determine that the mail problems of managing an average modern Russian university is low marketing activity and low effectiveness, which reduce its competitiveness and are a reason for non-optimality of its functioning in the highly-competitive environment of the Russian market of services of higher professional education. Business processes are not yet formed or they have formal character. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to increase marketing activity and development business processes of modern Russian universities, for which it is recommended to form entrepreneurial universities – either by increase of economic independence of state universities or by expanding the network of private universities. For optimization of the system of higher professional education, we offer the proprietary perspective model of management of a modern university.

The article reveals theoretical approaches to the study of the formation of professional self-consciousness of tertiary students. The structure of professional self-consciousness has been presented. The set of criteria of the formation of professional self-consciousness is substantiated. The features of the formation of professional self-consciousness in educational and professional activities are identified. The determinants of educational environment and psychology and pedagogical conditions affecting the formation of professional self-consciousness of a student are determined. The analysis of features of development of professional self-consciousness at different learning stages is presented.

The article analyzes the influence of informatization on the processes of social management of higher education in Russia. Its influence on the main directions of university activities is described.

The authors of the article carry out a socio-phenomenological analysis of trust, reveal the social sense of trust, and discuss the sources and underlying reasons of the crisis of trust in modern society, conditions and prospects of a return to a “society of trust”. The authors formulate and justify a thesis that historically trust relations are designed to outline and shape a “world of humans”, and that the society is established as the “world of humans”. This allows to revisit the issue and to re-evaluate the importance of the “crisis of trust”, to realize its historic scale.

The article presents the results of empirical research as an integrative approach aimed at studying subjective personality manifestations in the system of child-parent relations as a condition for the development of psychological health of junior schoolchildren.Psychological health is the basis of human development and the basis for its further self-realization and is determined by the ability to adequately perceive oneself, while manifesting a value self-attitude, to defend one’s self and to feel comfortable in situations of interaction in the family. Psychological health and development of a junior schoolchild as a subject of activity depends on the family environment, acceptance and support of the child.As a result, the multifunctional model of psychological services as a subject-centered psychological practice areas are designated for the development of junior schoolchildren potential by providing a reflective environment, which promotes the formation of the junior schoolchild confidence in the resources of his psychological health.

The article presents the authors’ proposals on the use of an integrated knowledge management system in the activities of higher educational institutions with the purpose to increase their efficiency both in the educational process and in the related spheres. Since an important role is played by information and communication technologies, the prospects of their application in the system of higher education are also considered in this work.Besides, the work presents the results of a polling survey of students of the Financial University in the Google-form system on the prospects of applying new information and communication technologies in the contemporary higher economic education.In the opinion of the majority of the respondents, for significant advancement in the world top universities rankings, certain changes are required in the integrated system of information and communication technologies for teaching economic disciplines, including the expanded application of online educational technologies, augmented reality goggles, mobile applications, robots, etc.

In the article theoretical approaches for studying of the development of the subject’s readiness for the process of self-realization in the conditions of preparation for the future successful professional activity are shown. The necessity of obtaining the corresponding professional competencies is grounded. The features of personality’s development in the educational environment of a modern university are identified. Determinants that affect the development of student self-fulfillment are defined. The structural components of a person’s ideas about himself as a person striving for maximum realization of himself are revealed. In the article we describe the essence of understanding the process of self-realization development, its structure and stages of formation are presented. The levels of self-realization are differentiated and sources of activity are established. The basic characteristics of a modern student as a self-fulfilling personality are formulated.

The subject of research presents the features of the attitude to self-image, the changeability of the group, professional identity, and ambiguity tolerance in preschool teachers.It has been found that preschool teachers who go into higher education at present, and younger professionals as compared to those who are not receiving education at present, demonstrate the maximum readiness for changes and ambiguity tolerance; differences at the statistically significant level were found. Being in conditions of continuing education which promotes to the implementation of opportunities and a younger age of the subjects are a positive prerequisite for further work in the field of efficient learning of newest information technologies by them, their aspiration to become experts in professional activities.

Actual problems that hinder economic growth of the Russian Federation and the factors that stimulate achievement of progressive development of the Russian economy are studied. The purpose of the research is to determine the factors that determine economic growth of Russia and to choose the optimal model and conditions that are to be provided by the state for increase of the country’s economic potential. The directions of the national economic policy are determined that are aimed at optimal usage of the country’s resources – primarily, natural – for transition from extensive to intensive model of economic growth. The performed analysis of the factors of economic growth is based on the methodology of theoretical studies: formalization, abstracting, and idealization. The substantiated model of economic growth is based on the usage of import substitution of products in the internal market of the state and growth of export of non-resource spheres’ products. Characteristics of the innovational potential of Russia are given. Forecast of perspective of innovational development of Russia is provided. As a result of the research, the directions and initial measures of state support that allow ensuring economic growth of Russia in the mid-term are determined.

During the last decades, there has been a non-decreasing interest in studying text as a self-sufficient subject of research in linguistics. This interest is caused by the fact that the text is the basic unit of speech, the unit which combines the result of communicative activity of the addresser, and, at the same time, serves as an object for the addressee in the sense of its communicative interpretation.

The authors generalize the theoretical aspects of studying the category “Quality of education” and study evolutional logic and modern tendencies, including under the influence of requirements of information society. Transformation of approaches to management of quality of Russian education is viewed, and its poly-theoretical character is studied. The models of the system of management of educational activities’ quality, including the ones peculiar for Russian universities, are determined; the global and domestic experiences of studying quality of education are compared. The main problems of improving the systems of management of educational activities’ quality are determined, which are related to expedience of combining strict program-oriented principles of quality management with the principles of reflexive management, self-managed development, and innovational processes. Quality is seen as a measure of balance of expectations of interested parties. The problems in the system of evaluation of higher education’s quality are formulates: absence of developed system of self-assessment and assessment of the higher levels by lower levels. A range of tendencies of development of the national educational system in the sphere of management of educational service’s quality are determined – in particular, expedience of forecasting the qualitative component of mid-term need for highly-qualified personnel, based on professional standards, and perspective need based on strategic requirements from society.

The main problem which the author of the article is focused on consists in the study of phenomena associated with the formation of social fears as the factors of subjectification of security problems in contemporary society, as well as the study of changes in the structure of social fears and the possibilities of calculating them, created by the impact of increasing risks and threats.A wide range of methodological and theoretical approaches of social philosophy, sociology and social psychology is used in the research.Historically, security problems are associated with the security of the state, countries, and the world as a whole. Researchers are usually interested in any aspects of security: environmental, energy, information, mental, etc. At the same time, the question arises about the kind of emotional context in which a social subject, a group or an individual gets the expression of the threats in a specific social and historical dimension.Global transformation processes have been reflected in the consciousness of person and society, which is traced by the researchers in the growth of misadaption of the population, gain in the feelings of insecurity, apathy, and depression. Crisis phenomena in the global development process are accompanied by reappraisal and breakage of values. The crisis consciousness which was extensively discussed in broad social and philosophical reflection at the beginning of the last century, acquired new features in the new century: it became catastrophic. The components of social fears have become an inherent part of human existence. An individual acts as a “prism”, through which, with due account for the socializing filter, emotions of fear are passed. Society itself shapes and socializes an individual in various planes of existence of fear as a threat of non-existence. In the modern world, the threat of non-existence exists as an absence of the meanings of life, as a guilt and fear of death.The notion of “security” in science is defined as multiple-aspect in its content and interpretations. It is associated with the concepts of “risk”, “anxiety”, “danger” and “threat” as empirical indicators of catastrophic consciousness.The value of security is universal in nature and is recognized by all people, regardless of social standing, national origin, or gender. In the history of society, social institutions act as the mechanisms for creating a certain repertory of social fears. Through the use of social institutions, society aims to support socially conditioned fears, providing the individuals with the ready-made interpretations and clichés.

The purpose of the research is to verify the working hypothesis, to substantiate the basic role of successful commercialization of innovations in development of modern human society, to determine the problems of each stage of the process of commercialization of innovations, and to develop practical recommendations for solving them. The methodology of the research is based on application of the methods of regression and correlation analysis, with the help of which the authors assess the strength and character of innovations’ influence on economic, social, and ecological development. The assessment objects are the innovational index according to the Cornell, INSEAD, and WIPO, GDP and GDP per capita according to the International Monetary Fund, and the ecological effectiveness index according to the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy. In order to achieve representativeness of data, the selection includes countries from various categories and geographical reasons. The data are actual as of 2017. For studying the process of commercialization of innovation and its influence on development of modern human society, the authors use the dialectical method, the method of problem analysis, the method of systematization, the method of analysis of causal connections, and the method of formalization. The authors substantiate that high innovational activity ensures sustainable development of modern human society in the integrity of the economic, social, and ecological components and determine the problems of commercialization of innovations through the prism of the stages of this process and offer perspective methods of solving them.

This article presents a methodology for assessing financial risks using automated meter reading and control system (AMR) and automated system of commercial control of heat energy (ACCUTE). An example of evaluation of a real project is presented, and the main problems of implementation of this project are viewed.