Post-disaster Navigation and Allied Services over Opportunistic Networks

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1. Frontmatter

2. Chapter 1. Introduction

   Suman Bhattacharjee, Siuli Roy, Sipra Das Bit

   Abstract

   Over the last couple of decades, countries across the globe, both developing and developed, have witnessed a significant number of disasters. A disaster is an unanticipated disastrous event that severely disturbs the normal functionality of a community or society and causes heavy casualties as well as enormous damage to property. Typically the entire region is not affected by the disasters uniformly. A few portions are harshly hit owing to their topography.

3. Chapter 2. Post-disaster Map-Based Navigation Service

   Suman Bhattacharjee, Siuli Roy, Sipra Das Bit

   Abstract

   It has been observed that map-based navigation service becomes a critical prerequisite for post-disaster response operations. Such service guides volunteers to reach their destinations, helps victims to locate the shelters and supports disaster response agencies in forwarding their resources in the disaster-struck areas. However, the existing routes for reaching different destinations alter significantly in the disaster-struck areas in disaster aftermath due to the road blockage/destruction caused by disasters. Hence, the existing route maps of the disaster-struck areas become outdated. Moreover, the suitability of using digital mapping systems (web-based) remains uncertain in such areas owing to the unstable communication network in the disaster aftermath.

4. Chapter 3. Post-disaster Situational Awareness and Resource Management Services

   Suman Bhattacharjee, Siuli Roy, Sipra Das Bit

   Abstract

   The previous chapter provides the details of developing map-based navigation services in the affected areas over opportunistic networks. The solution to the two other important post-disaster services such as situational awareness and resource management are discussed in this chapter. As mentioned earlier both of these services are invariably dependent on the existence of navigation support. Precisely, without the map-based navigation services not only the volunteers are unable to reach the affected areas to gather situational information but also would fail to identify the exact routes toward resource inventories in such a scenario.

5. Chapter 4. Reliable and Energy-Efficient Post-disaster Opportunistic Network Architecture

   Suman Bhattacharjee, Siuli Roy, Sipra Das Bit

   Abstract

   In order to offer the post-disaster management services discussed in the last two chapters, the existence of a post-disaster opportunistic network framework becomes crucial. A post-disaster opportunistic network framework comprises two entities, such as opportunistic network architecture and energy-efficient post-disaster routing protocols. The post-disaster opportunistic network architecture typically includes suitable network architecture and node deployment plans which are elaborated in this chapter.

6. Chapter 5. Energy-Efficient Post-disaster Routing Protocols

   Suman Bhattacharjee, Siuli Roy, Sipra Das Bit

   Abstract

   In this chapter, different energy-efficient unicast and multicast opportunistic network routing protocols to be used for different post-disaster management services are discussed. Some services such as situational awareness primarily rely on delivering messages to single or multiple destinations, whereas some services typically require a single message to be forwarded to a group of pre-defined nodes. This implies that the services require unicast and/or multicast communication. So, three routing protocols, viz., Priority-enhanced PRoPHET (Pen-PRoPHET), Group encounter-based PRoPHET (Ge-PRoPHET) and Trace Route are proposed supporting different post-disaster management services.

7. Chapter 6. Conclusion and Future Scope

   Suman Bhattacharjee, Siuli Roy, Sipra Das Bit

   Abstract

   With the increasing number of disasters across the world in recent times, it has become mandatory for each of the disaster-prone countries to equip themselves with appropriate measures to cope with the challenges of providing post-disaster services. Some of such challenges are incapacitated communication infrastructure, unstable power supply and inaccessible road networks. Out of these challenges, the destruction of road networks, especially in developing countries, acts as a major hindrance to effective disaster management. To be more specific, the success of a disaster response operation generally depends on the speed of evacuation and transportation of an adequate amount of relief materials at the right time to the disaster-affected areas. Hence, map-based navigation support is a primary necessity for disaster response operations. This monograph provides the details of developing a digital route map construction system over opportunistic networks. The monograph also provides the solution of the two other important post-disaster management services such as situational awareness and resource allocation. Both of these services are invariably dependent on the existence of navigation support. In order to offer such services, the other challenges that need to address are the problems of incapacitated communication infrastructure and unstable power supply. This monograph addresses such challenges and develops the solutions for the said post-disaster management services.

8. Backmatter