5. Practical Implications and Recommendation for Future Research

This chapter summarises the key outcomes of the research study undertaken to investigate metal transformations on urban road surfaces and their potential impacts on stormwater quality. In particular, it discusses the practical implications of the research outcomes in relation to stormwater pollution mitigation in the context of stormwater reuse. Stormwater pollution mitigation strategies should be implemented such that they specifically address the impacts of fine road dust particles and more mobile metals such as Zn and Cd in stormwater runoff. Furthermore, it is important to enhance current risk assessment methods by taking into consideration the geochemical behaviour of metals for accurate risk quantification. The chapter further discusses the current knowledge gaps where further research is needed. These include, the investigation of transformation processes of other toxic pollutants and the influence of additional factors on metal transformation, and the need for integrating factors influencing metal transformation into stormwater quality models for developing effective stormwater pollution mitigation strategies.