Skip to main content

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

27. Preparing for the Inevitable: Ecological and Indigenous Community Impacts of Oil Spill-Related Mortality in the United States’ Arctic Marine Ecosystem

verfasst von : Paul M. Suprenand, Carie Hoover, Cameron H. Ainsworth, Lindsey N. Dornberger, Chris J. Johnson

Erschienen in: Scenarios and Responses to Future Deep Oil Spills

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

While hydrocarbon exploration and extraction in the Arctic ebb and flow, reduced sea ice has opened new travel routes across the Arctic. The opening of the Northwest Passage has allowed larger ships (including oil tankers) and higher traffic into remote regions. More ice loss is expected in the future. With this comes the potential for hydrocarbon spills. To quantify the ecosystem impacts of a spill in the Alaska North Slope region, an Ecospace model using the Ecopath with Ecosim software was developed. We highlight the impacts of four potential hydrocarbon contamination scenarios: a subsurface crude oil pipeline release, a surface platform oil spill, a surface cruise ship diesel spill, and a surface tanker oil spill. Hydrocarbon contamination was modeled using SIMAP (Spill Impact Model Analysis Package), which was developed from the oil fate sub-model in the Natural Resource Damage Assessment Model for the US Department of the Interior and under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA). Spatial-temporal SIMAP results were coupled to the Ecospace model. We show that in all four hydrocarbon contamination scenarios, there are spatial changes in harvested species resulting in long-term declines in harvest levels for the communities within the model area (Nuiqsut, Kaktovik, and Barrow Alaska), depending on the severity of the scenario. Responses to hydrocarbon events are likely to be slow in the Arctic, limited by the ice-free season. We highlight this area for scenario testing as ecological impacts are also an issue of food security to the local communities and human health issue.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat ADNR (2009) Beaufort Sea areawide oil and gas lease sales, final finding of the Director. Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oil & Gas ADNR (2009) Beaufort Sea areawide oil and gas lease sales, final finding of the Director. Alaska Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oil & Gas
Zurück zum Zitat Ainsworth CH, Paris C, Perlin N, Dornberger LN, Patterson WF III, Chancellor E, Murawski S, Hollander D, Daly K, Romero IC, Coleman F, Perryman H (2018) Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill evaluated using an end-to-end ecosystem model. PLoS One 25:e0190840CrossRef Ainsworth CH, Paris C, Perlin N, Dornberger LN, Patterson WF III, Chancellor E, Murawski S, Hollander D, Daly K, Romero IC, Coleman F, Perryman H (2018) Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill evaluated using an end-to-end ecosystem model. PLoS One 25:e0190840CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Aklavik Co (2008) Aklavik Inuvialuit community conservation plan (Akaqvikmiut Nunamikini Nunutailivikautinich), The Community of Aklavik, the Wildlife Management Advisory Council (NWT) and the Joint Secretariat Aklavik Co (2008) Aklavik Inuvialuit community conservation plan (Akaqvikmiut Nunamikini Nunutailivikautinich), The Community of Aklavik, the Wildlife Management Advisory Council (NWT) and the Joint Secretariat
Zurück zum Zitat Almeda R, Wambaugh Z, Wang Z, Hyatt C, Liu Z, Buskey EJ (2013) Interactions between zooplankton and crude oil: toxic effects and bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. PLoS One 8:e67212CrossRef Almeda R, Wambaugh Z, Wang Z, Hyatt C, Liu Z, Buskey EJ (2013) Interactions between zooplankton and crude oil: toxic effects and bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. PLoS One 8:e67212CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Almeda R, Baca S, Hyatt C, Buskey EJ (2014) Ingestion and sublethal effects of physically and chemically dispersed crude oil on marine planktonic copepods. Ecotoxicology 23:988–1003CrossRef Almeda R, Baca S, Hyatt C, Buskey EJ (2014) Ingestion and sublethal effects of physically and chemically dispersed crude oil on marine planktonic copepods. Ecotoxicology 23:988–1003CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Almeda R, Harvey TE, Connelly TL, Baca S, Buskey EJ (2016) Influence of UVB radiation on the lethal and sublethal toxicity of dispersed crude oil to planktonic copepod nauplii. Chemosphere 152:446–458CrossRef Almeda R, Harvey TE, Connelly TL, Baca S, Buskey EJ (2016) Influence of UVB radiation on the lethal and sublethal toxicity of dispersed crude oil to planktonic copepod nauplii. Chemosphere 152:446–458CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat AMAP (2010) Assessment (2007) Oil and gas activities in the Arctic - effects and potential effects, Depression of feeding and growth rates of the seastar Evasterias troschelii during long-term exposure to the water-soluble fraction of crude oil, Oslo, Norway AMAP (2010) Assessment (2007) Oil and gas activities in the Arctic - effects and potential effects, Depression of feeding and growth rates of the seastar Evasterias troschelii during long-term exposure to the water-soluble fraction of crude oil, Oslo, Norway
Zurück zum Zitat Amstrup SC, Marcot BG, Douglas DC (2007) Forecasting the range-wide status of polar bears at selected times in the 21st century Administrative Report. US Geological Survey, p 1–126 Amstrup SC, Marcot BG, Douglas DC (2007) Forecasting the range-wide status of polar bears at selected times in the 21st century Administrative Report. US Geological Survey, p 1–126
Zurück zum Zitat ANDR (2015) Chapter one: executive summary and director’s final finding and signature ANDR (2015) Chapter one: executive summary and director’s final finding and signature
Zurück zum Zitat Babcock MM (ed) (1985) Morphology of olfactory epithelium of pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, and changes following exposure to benzene: a scanning electron microscopy study, Wiley , Chichester, England Babcock MM (ed) (1985) Morphology of olfactory epithelium of pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, and changes following exposure to benzene: a scanning electron microscopy study, Wiley , Chichester, England
Zurück zum Zitat Barlow J, Boveng P (1991) Modeling age-specific mortality for marine mammal populations. Mar Mamm Sci 7:50–65CrossRef Barlow J, Boveng P (1991) Modeling age-specific mortality for marine mammal populations. Mar Mamm Sci 7:50–65CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Baussant T, Bechmann RK, Taban IC, Larsen BK, Tandberg AH, Bjornstad A, Torgrimsen S, Naevdal A, Oysaed KB, Jonsson G, Sanni S (2009) Enzymatic and cellular responses in relation to body burden of PAHs in bivalve molluscs: a case study with chronic levels of North Sea and Barents Sea dispersed oil. Mar Pollut Bull 58:1796–1807CrossRef Baussant T, Bechmann RK, Taban IC, Larsen BK, Tandberg AH, Bjornstad A, Torgrimsen S, Naevdal A, Oysaed KB, Jonsson G, Sanni S (2009) Enzymatic and cellular responses in relation to body burden of PAHs in bivalve molluscs: a case study with chronic levels of North Sea and Barents Sea dispersed oil. Mar Pollut Bull 58:1796–1807CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Benson AJ, Trites AW (2002) Ecological effects of regime shifts in the Bering Sea and eastern North Pacific Ocean. Fish Fish 3:95–113CrossRef Benson AJ, Trites AW (2002) Ecological effects of regime shifts in the Bering Sea and eastern North Pacific Ocean. Fish Fish 3:95–113CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Berkes F, Jolly D (2001) Adapting to climate change: social-ecological resilience in a Canadian western Arctic community. Conserv Ecol 5:18CrossRef Berkes F, Jolly D (2001) Adapting to climate change: social-ecological resilience in a Canadian western Arctic community. Conserv Ecol 5:18CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat BOWFEST (2009) Bowhead whale feeding ecology study (BOWFEST) in the western Beaufort Sea: 2009 Annual report, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration BOWFEST (2009) Bowhead whale feeding ecology study (BOWFEST) in the western Beaufort Sea: 2009 Annual report, National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Zurück zum Zitat Bradstreet MSW, Cross WE (1982) Trophic relationships at high Arctic ice edges. Arctic 35:1–12 Bradstreet MSW, Cross WE (1982) Trophic relationships at high Arctic ice edges. Arctic 35:1–12
Zurück zum Zitat Braham HW, Fraker MA, Krogman BD (1980) Spring migration of the western Arctic population of bowhead whales. Mar Fish Rev 42:36–46 Braham HW, Fraker MA, Krogman BD (1980) Spring migration of the western Arctic population of bowhead whales. Mar Fish Rev 42:36–46
Zurück zum Zitat Braund SR (1992) Traditional Alaska Eskimo whaling and the bowhead quota. Arctic Res 6:37–42 Braund SR (1992) Traditional Alaska Eskimo whaling and the bowhead quota. Arctic Res 6:37–42
Zurück zum Zitat Braund SR (1993) North Slope subsistence study Barrow, 1987, 1988 and 1989, U. S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service Braund SR (1993) North Slope subsistence study Barrow, 1987, 1988 and 1989, U. S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service
Zurück zum Zitat Braund SR (2010) Subsistence mapping of Nuiqsut, Kaktovik, and Barrow, United States Department of the Interior Braund SR (2010) Subsistence mapping of Nuiqsut, Kaktovik, and Barrow, United States Department of the Interior
Zurück zum Zitat BREA (2013) Updated oil and gas exploration & development activity forecast, Canadian Beaufort Sea 2013–2028. LTLC Consulting in association with Salmo Consulting Inc., Lin Callow BREA (2013) Updated oil and gas exploration & development activity forecast, Canadian Beaufort Sea 2013–2028. LTLC Consulting in association with Salmo Consulting Inc., Lin Callow
Zurück zum Zitat Brussaard CPD, Peperzak L, Beggah S, Wick LY, Wuerz B, Weber J, Arey JS, van der Burg B, Jonas A, Huisman J, van der Meer JR (2015) Immediate ecotoxicological effects of short-lived oil spills on marine biota. Nat Commun 7:11206CrossRef Brussaard CPD, Peperzak L, Beggah S, Wick LY, Wuerz B, Weber J, Arey JS, van der Burg B, Jonas A, Huisman J, van der Meer JR (2015) Immediate ecotoxicological effects of short-lived oil spills on marine biota. Nat Commun 7:11206CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Canada I-INA (1984) The Western Arctic Claim, the inuvialuit final agreement. Indian Affairs and Northern Development:115, Ottawa Canada I-INA (1984) The Western Arctic Claim, the inuvialuit final agreement. Indian Affairs and Northern Development:115, Ottawa
Zurück zum Zitat CCA (2014) Aboriginal food security in Northern Canada: an assessment on the state of knowledge. Council of Canadian Academies, Ottawa CCA (2014) Aboriginal food security in Northern Canada: an assessment on the state of knowledge. Council of Canadian Academies, Ottawa
Zurück zum Zitat Centre BAD (2010) HadISST 1.1 - Global sea-ice coverage and SST (1870-present) Centre BAD (2010) HadISST 1.1 - Global sea-ice coverage and SST (1870-present)
Zurück zum Zitat Christensen V, Walters CJ (2004) Ecopath and Ecosim: methods, capabilities and limitations. Ecol Model 172:109–139CrossRef Christensen V, Walters CJ (2004) Ecopath and Ecosim: methods, capabilities and limitations. Ecol Model 172:109–139CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Christensen V, Walters C, Pauly D (2005) Ecopath with Ecosim: a user’s guide Version 5. Fisheries Centre: University of British Columbia Christensen V, Walters C, Pauly D (2005) Ecopath with Ecosim: a user’s guide Version 5. Fisheries Centre: University of British Columbia
Zurück zum Zitat Codon RG, Collings P, Wenzel G (1995) The best part of life: subsistence hunting, ethnicity, and economic adaptation among young adult Inuit males. Arctic 48:31–46 Codon RG, Collings P, Wenzel G (1995) The best part of life: subsistence hunting, ethnicity, and economic adaptation among young adult Inuit males. Arctic 48:31–46
Zurück zum Zitat Collier TK, Anulacion BF, Arkoosh MR, Dietrich JP, Incardona J, Johnson LL, Ylitalo GM, Myers MS (2013) Effects of fish on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and naphthenic acid exposures. Org Chem Toxicol Fish 3:195–255CrossRef Collier TK, Anulacion BF, Arkoosh MR, Dietrich JP, Incardona J, Johnson LL, Ylitalo GM, Myers MS (2013) Effects of fish on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and naphthenic acid exposures. Org Chem Toxicol Fish 3:195–255CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Collier TK, Arkoosh MR, Johnson L, Yitalo GM (2014) Effects on fish of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and naphthenic acid exposures. In: Fish physiology organic chemical toxicology of fishes, vol 33, pp 195–255CrossRef Collier TK, Arkoosh MR, Johnson L, Yitalo GM (2014) Effects on fish of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and naphthenic acid exposures. In: Fish physiology organic chemical toxicology of fishes, vol 33, pp 195–255CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Comiso JC (2006) Abrupt decline in the Arctic winter sea ice cover. Geophys Res Lett 33:L18504CrossRef Comiso JC (2006) Abrupt decline in the Arctic winter sea ice cover. Geophys Res Lett 33:L18504CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dennis B, Mooney C (2016) A luxury cruise ship sets sail for the Arctic, thanks to climate change Washington Post Dennis B, Mooney C (2016) A luxury cruise ship sets sail for the Arctic, thanks to climate change Washington Post
Zurück zum Zitat Derocher AE, Lunn NJ, Stirling I (2004) Polar bears in a warming climate. Integr Comp Biol 44:163–176CrossRef Derocher AE, Lunn NJ, Stirling I (2004) Polar bears in a warming climate. Integr Comp Biol 44:163–176CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat DFO (2013) Tarium Niryutait: marine protected area management plan, Fisheries and Oceans Canada & Fisheries Joint Management Committee, Winnipeg, MB, Fisheries and Oceans Canada DFO (2013) Tarium Niryutait: marine protected area management plan, Fisheries and Oceans Canada & Fisheries Joint Management Committee, Winnipeg, MB, Fisheries and Oceans Canada
Zurück zum Zitat Dornberger L, Ainsworth C, Gosnell S, Coleman F (2016) Developing a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure dose-response model for fish health and growth. Mar Pollut Bull 109:259–266CrossRef Dornberger L, Ainsworth C, Gosnell S, Coleman F (2016) Developing a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure dose-response model for fish health and growth. Mar Pollut Bull 109:259–266CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Englehardt FR, Geraci JR, Smith TJ (1977) Uptake and clearance of petroleum hydrocarbons in the ringed seal, Phoca hispida. J Fish Res Board Can 34:1143–1147CrossRef Englehardt FR, Geraci JR, Smith TJ (1977) Uptake and clearance of petroleum hydrocarbons in the ringed seal, Phoca hispida. J Fish Res Board Can 34:1143–1147CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fraker MA (1980) Status and harvest of the Mackenzie stock of white whales (Delphinapterus leucas). Report of the International Whaling Commission. 30:451–458 Fraker MA (1980) Status and harvest of the Mackenzie stock of white whales (Delphinapterus leucas). Report of the International Whaling Commission. 30:451–458
Zurück zum Zitat Fraker MA (2013) Killer whale (Orcinus orca) deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985-1990. Human and Ecological Risk 19:28–52CrossRef Fraker MA (2013) Killer whale (Orcinus orca) deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985-1990. Human and Ecological Risk 19:28–52CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Francis RC, Hare SR, Hollowed AB, Wooster WS (1998) Effects of interdecadal climate variability on the oceanic ecosystems of the NE Pacific. Fish Oceanogr 7:1–21CrossRef Francis RC, Hare SR, Hollowed AB, Wooster WS (1998) Effects of interdecadal climate variability on the oceanic ecosystems of the NE Pacific. Fish Oceanogr 7:1–21CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat French DP, Rines H, Masciangioli P (1997) Validation of an orimulsion spill fates model using observations from field test spills. Proceedings of the Twentieth Arctic and Marine Oilspill Program (AMOP) Technical Seminar, Emergencies Science Division, Environment Canada, p 933–961 French DP, Rines H, Masciangioli P (1997) Validation of an orimulsion spill fates model using observations from field test spills. Proceedings of the Twentieth Arctic and Marine Oilspill Program (AMOP) Technical Seminar, Emergencies Science Division, Environment Canada, p 933–961
Zurück zum Zitat French DP (2003) Development and application of damage assessment modeling: example assessment for the North Cape oil spill. Mar Pollut Bull 47:341–359CrossRef French DP (2003) Development and application of damage assessment modeling: example assessment for the North Cape oil spill. Mar Pollut Bull 47:341–359CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat French DP (2004) Oil spill impact modeling: development and validation. Environ Toxicol Chem 23:2441–2456CrossRef French DP (2004) Oil spill impact modeling: development and validation. Environ Toxicol Chem 23:2441–2456CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat French DP, Rowe JJ (2004) Evaluation of bird impacts in historical oil spill cases using the SIMAP oil spill model 27th Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program (AMOP) Technical Seminar, Emergencies Science Division, Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON, p 421–452 French DP, Rowe JJ (2004) Evaluation of bird impacts in historical oil spill cases using the SIMAP oil spill model 27th Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program (AMOP) Technical Seminar, Emergencies Science Division, Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON, p 421–452
Zurück zum Zitat Geraudie P, Bakkemo R, Ravuri CS, Helgason LB, Jǿrgensen E, Camus L (2014) Sublethal effects of marine diesel on Arctic scallop fitness, Akvaplan-niva AS Rapport 6108, Tromsǿ Geraudie P, Bakkemo R, Ravuri CS, Helgason LB, Jǿrgensen E, Camus L (2014) Sublethal effects of marine diesel on Arctic scallop fitness, Akvaplan-niva AS Rapport 6108, Tromsǿ
Zurück zum Zitat González J, Figueriras FG, Aranguren-Gassis M, Crespo BG, Fernández E, Morán XAG, Nieto-Cid M (2009) Effect of a simulated oil spill on natural assemblages of marine phytoplankton enclosed in microcosms. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 83:265–276CrossRef González J, Figueriras FG, Aranguren-Gassis M, Crespo BG, Fernández E, Morán XAG, Nieto-Cid M (2009) Effect of a simulated oil spill on natural assemblages of marine phytoplankton enclosed in microcosms. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 83:265–276CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat González J, Fernandez E, Figueriras FG, Varela M (2013) Subtle effects of the water accommodated fraction of oil spills on natural phytoplankton assemblages enclosed in mesocosms. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 124:13–23CrossRef González J, Fernandez E, Figueriras FG, Varela M (2013) Subtle effects of the water accommodated fraction of oil spills on natural phytoplankton assemblages enclosed in mesocosms. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 124:13–23CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gradinger RR (2002) Sea ice, a unique realm for microorganisms. In: Bitten G (ed) Encyclopedia of environmental microbiology. Wiley, pp 2833–2844 Gradinger RR (2002) Sea ice, a unique realm for microorganisms. In: Bitten G (ed) Encyclopedia of environmental microbiology. Wiley, pp 2833–2844
Zurück zum Zitat Grebmeier JM, Barry JP (1991) The influence of oceanographic processes on pelagic-benthic coupling in polar regions: A benthic perspective. J Mar Syst 2:495–518CrossRef Grebmeier JM, Barry JP (1991) The influence of oceanographic processes on pelagic-benthic coupling in polar regions: A benthic perspective. J Mar Syst 2:495–518CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Grebmeier JM, Smith WO Jr, Conover RJ (1995) Biological processes on Arctic continental shelves: ice-ocean-biotic interactions. In: Smith WO Jr, Grebmeier JM (eds) Arctic Oceanography: marginal ice zones and continental shelves. American Geophysical Union, Washington, pp 231–261CrossRef Grebmeier JM, Smith WO Jr, Conover RJ (1995) Biological processes on Arctic continental shelves: ice-ocean-biotic interactions. In: Smith WO Jr, Grebmeier JM (eds) Arctic Oceanography: marginal ice zones and continental shelves. American Geophysical Union, Washington, pp 231–261CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Guatemala DoA- (2002) Indigenous peoples’ global consultation on the right to food: a global consultation Guatemala DoA- (2002) Indigenous peoples’ global consultation on the right to food: a global consultation
Zurück zum Zitat Hansen K, Lewandowski M (2011) Using demonstrations to advance approaches to response for oil in ice environments Arctic Technology Conference, OTC Paper 909318 Hansen K, Lewandowski M (2011) Using demonstrations to advance approaches to response for oil in ice environments Arctic Technology Conference, OTC Paper 909318
Zurück zum Zitat Harwood LA, Norton P, Day B, Hall PA (2002) The harvest of beluga whales in Canada’s western Arctic: hunter-based monitoring of the size and composition of the catch. Arctic 55 Harwood LA, Norton P, Day B, Hall PA (2002) The harvest of beluga whales in Canada’s western Arctic: hunter-based monitoring of the size and composition of the catch. Arctic 55
Zurück zum Zitat Harwood LA, Smith TG (2002) Whales of the Inuvialuit Settlement region in Canada's Western Arctic: an overview and outlook. Arctic 55 Harwood LA, Smith TG (2002) Whales of the Inuvialuit Settlement region in Canada's Western Arctic: an overview and outlook. Arctic 55
Zurück zum Zitat Heintz RA, Rice SD, Wertheimer AC, Bradshaw RF, Thrower FP, Joyce JE, Short JW (2000) Delayed effects on growth and marine survival of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha after exposure to crude oil during embryonic development. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 208:205–216CrossRef Heintz RA, Rice SD, Wertheimer AC, Bradshaw RF, Thrower FP, Joyce JE, Short JW (2000) Delayed effects on growth and marine survival of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha after exposure to crude oil during embryonic development. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 208:205–216CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Higdon JW, Ferguson SH (2009) Loss of Arctic sea ice causing punctuated change in sightings of killer whales (Orcinus orca) over the past century. Ecol Appl 19:1365–1375CrossRef Higdon JW, Ferguson SH (2009) Loss of Arctic sea ice causing punctuated change in sightings of killer whales (Orcinus orca) over the past century. Ecol Appl 19:1365–1375CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hoover C, Ostertag S, Hornby C, Parker C, Hansen-Craik K, Loseto L, Pearce T (2016) The continued importance of hunting for future Inuit food security. Solutions 7:40–51 Hoover C, Ostertag S, Hornby C, Parker C, Hansen-Craik K, Loseto L, Pearce T (2016) The continued importance of hunting for future Inuit food security. Solutions 7:40–51
Zurück zum Zitat Hoover C, Parker C, Hornby C, Ostertag S, Hansen- Craik K, Pearce T, Loseto LL (2017) Cultural relevance in Arctic food security initiatives. In: Duncan J, Bailey M (eds) Sustainable food futures: multidisciplinary solutions, pp 17–33CrossRef Hoover C, Parker C, Hornby C, Ostertag S, Hansen- Craik K, Pearce T, Loseto LL (2017) Cultural relevance in Arctic food security initiatives. In: Duncan J, Bailey M (eds) Sustainable food futures: multidisciplinary solutions, pp 17–33CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hornby CA, Hoover C, Iacozza J, Barber DG, Loseto LL (2016) Spring conditions and habitat use of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) during arrival to the Mackenzie River Estuary. Polar Biol:1–16 Hornby CA, Hoover C, Iacozza J, Barber DG, Loseto LL (2016) Spring conditions and habitat use of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) during arrival to the Mackenzie River Estuary. Polar Biol:1–16
Zurück zum Zitat Horner R, Murphy D (1985) Species composition and abundance of zooplankton in the nearshore Beaufort Sea in winter-spring. Arctic 38 Horner R, Murphy D (1985) Species composition and abundance of zooplankton in the nearshore Beaufort Sea in winter-spring. Arctic 38
Zurück zum Zitat Huet C, Rosol R, Egeland GM (2012) The prevalence of food insecurity is high and the diet quality poor in Inuit communities. J Nutr 142:541–547CrossRef Huet C, Rosol R, Egeland GM (2012) The prevalence of food insecurity is high and the diet quality poor in Inuit communities. J Nutr 142:541–547CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat ICC (2012) Food security across the Arctic, Canada ICC (2012) Food security across the Arctic, Canada
Zurück zum Zitat Incardona JP, Carls MG, Day HL, Bolton JL, Collier TK, Scholz NL (2009) Cardiac arrhythmia Is the primary response of embryonic Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii) exposed to crude oil during weathering. Environ Sci Technol 43:201–207CrossRef Incardona JP, Carls MG, Day HL, Bolton JL, Collier TK, Scholz NL (2009) Cardiac arrhythmia Is the primary response of embryonic Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii) exposed to crude oil during weathering. Environ Sci Technol 43:201–207CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat IORVL (2012) Beaufort Sea exploration joint venture, preliminary information package, Calgary/Alberta IORVL (2012) Beaufort Sea exploration joint venture, preliminary information package, Calgary/Alberta
Zurück zum Zitat IUCN (2010) Polar bears. Gland, Switzerland/Cambridge, UK IUCN (2010) Polar bears. Gland, Switzerland/Cambridge, UK
Zurück zum Zitat Karinen JF, Rice SD, Babcock MM (1990) Reproductive success in Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) during long-term exposures to oil-contaminated sediments, U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA, Arctic Environmental Assessment Center, 222 W. 8th Ave., No. 56, Anchorage, AK 99513 Karinen JF, Rice SD, Babcock MM (1990) Reproductive success in Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) during long-term exposures to oil-contaminated sediments, U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA, Arctic Environmental Assessment Center, 222 W. 8th Ave., No. 56, Anchorage, AK 99513
Zurück zum Zitat Korn S, Moles DA, Rice SD (1979) Effects of temperature on the median tolerance limit of pink salmon and shrimp exposed to toluene, naphthalene, and Cook Inlet crude oil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 21:521–525CrossRef Korn S, Moles DA, Rice SD (1979) Effects of temperature on the median tolerance limit of pink salmon and shrimp exposed to toluene, naphthalene, and Cook Inlet crude oil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 21:521–525CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Laender FD, Hammer J, Hendricks AJ, Soetaert K, Janssen CR (2011) Combining monitoring data and modeling identifies PAHs as emerging contaminants in the Arctic. Environ Sci Technol 45:9024–9029CrossRef Laender FD, Hammer J, Hendricks AJ, Soetaert K, Janssen CR (2011) Combining monitoring data and modeling identifies PAHs as emerging contaminants in the Arctic. Environ Sci Technol 45:9024–9029CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lewis EL (1976) Oil on the sea ice. Institute of Ocean Science, Patricia Bay/Victoria Lewis EL (1976) Oil on the sea ice. Institute of Ocean Science, Patricia Bay/Victoria
Zurück zum Zitat MacGregor C, McLean AY (1977) Fate of crude oil spilled in a simulated Arctic environment International Oil Spill Conference. American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C., pp 461–463 MacGregor C, McLean AY (1977) Fate of crude oil spilled in a simulated Arctic environment International Oil Spill Conference. American Petroleum Institute, Washington, D.C., pp 461–463
Zurück zum Zitat Mageau C, Engelhardt FR, Gilfillan ES, Boehm PD (1987) Effects of short-term exposure to dispersed oil in Arctic invertebrates. Arctic 40:162–171CrossRef Mageau C, Engelhardt FR, Gilfillan ES, Boehm PD (1987) Effects of short-term exposure to dispersed oil in Arctic invertebrates. Arctic 40:162–171CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Maher WA (1992) Preparation and characterization of water-soluble fractions of crude and refined oils for use in toxicity studies. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 29:268–272CrossRef Maher WA (1992) Preparation and characterization of water-soluble fractions of crude and refined oils for use in toxicity studies. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 29:268–272CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Manabe S, Stouffer RJ (1995) Simulation of abrupt climate change induced by freshwater input to the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature 378:165–167CrossRef Manabe S, Stouffer RJ (1995) Simulation of abrupt climate change induced by freshwater input to the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature 378:165–167CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Marquette WM, Bockstoce JR (1980) Historical shore-based catch of bowhead whales in the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas. Mar Fish Rev 42:5–19 Marquette WM, Bockstoce JR (1980) Historical shore-based catch of bowhead whales in the Bering, Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas. Mar Fish Rev 42:5–19
Zurück zum Zitat McIntosh S, King T, Wu D, Hodson PV (2010) Toxicity of dispersed weathered crude oil to early life stages of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus). Environ Toxicol Chem 29:1160–1167 McIntosh S, King T, Wu D, Hodson PV (2010) Toxicity of dispersed weathered crude oil to early life stages of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus). Environ Toxicol Chem 29:1160–1167
Zurück zum Zitat Miller C, Medvecky RL, Sherwood TA, Wetzel DL (2017) Uptake, depuration and residence time of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) exposed to south Louisiana crude oil. Poster presented at the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference, New Orelans, LA Miller C, Medvecky RL, Sherwood TA, Wetzel DL (2017) Uptake, depuration and residence time of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) exposed to south Louisiana crude oil. Poster presented at the Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill & Ecosystem Science Conference, New Orelans, LA
Zurück zum Zitat MMS (2003) Beaufort Sea planning area oil and gas lease sales 186, 195, 202: final environmental impact statement MMS (2003) Beaufort Sea planning area oil and gas lease sales 186, 195, 202: final environmental impact statement
Zurück zum Zitat Mullin J (2012) The oil and gas industry’s commitment to responsible arctic operations: an innovative arctic oil spill response technology - joint industry program Proceedings Offshore Technology Conference Mullin J (2012) The oil and gas industry’s commitment to responsible arctic operations: an innovative arctic oil spill response technology - joint industry program Proceedings Offshore Technology Conference
Zurück zum Zitat NAEC (2015) Oil and gas industry toxic spills 1996–2008 NAEC (2015) Oil and gas industry toxic spills 1996–2008
Zurück zum Zitat NDH (2013) Nutrition fact sheet series, Inuit traditional foods, Nunavut Department of Health, Munaqhiliqiyitkut, Minstère da la Santé NDH (2013) Nutrition fact sheet series, Inuit traditional foods, Nunavut Department of Health, Munaqhiliqiyitkut, Minstère da la Santé
Zurück zum Zitat NOAA (2015) Happening now: Arctic sea ice sets record low, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA (2015) Happening now: Arctic sea ice sets record low, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Zurück zum Zitat NRC (2003) Cumulative environmental effects of oil and gas activities on Alaska’s North Slope, Committee on Cumulative Environmental Effects of Oil and Gas Activities on Alaska’s North Slope, Board of Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Polar Research Board, Division of Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council (NRC) NRC (2003) Cumulative environmental effects of oil and gas activities on Alaska’s North Slope, Committee on Cumulative Environmental Effects of Oil and Gas Activities on Alaska’s North Slope, Board of Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Polar Research Board, Division of Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council (NRC)
Zurück zum Zitat NRC (2014) Responding to oil spills in the Arctic marine environment, Committee on Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment, Ocean Studies Board Division of Earth and Life Sciences, Polar Research Board Division of Earth and Life Sciences, Marine Board Transportation Research Board, National Research Council of the National Academies NRC (2014) Responding to oil spills in the Arctic marine environment, Committee on Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment, Ocean Studies Board Division of Earth and Life Sciences, Polar Research Board Division of Earth and Life Sciences, Marine Board Transportation Research Board, National Research Council of the National Academies
Zurück zum Zitat O'Clair CE, Rice SD (1985) Depression of feeding and growth rates of the seastar Evasterias troschelii during long-term exposure to the water-soluble fraction of crude oil. Mar Biol 84:331–340CrossRef O'Clair CE, Rice SD (1985) Depression of feeding and growth rates of the seastar Evasterias troschelii during long-term exposure to the water-soluble fraction of crude oil. Mar Biol 84:331–340CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Okey TA, Pauly D (1998) Trophic mass-balance model of Alaska’s Prince William Sound ecosystem for the post-spill period 1994-1996. Fish Cent Res Rep 6:1–143 Okey TA, Pauly D (1998) Trophic mass-balance model of Alaska’s Prince William Sound ecosystem for the post-spill period 1994-1996. Fish Cent Res Rep 6:1–143
Zurück zum Zitat Øritsland NA, Engelhardt FR, Juck FA, Hurst RA, Watts PD (1981) Effects of crude oil on polar bears. Northern Affairs Program, Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Ottawa Øritsland NA, Engelhardt FR, Juck FA, Hurst RA, Watts PD (1981) Effects of crude oil on polar bears. Northern Affairs Program, Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Ottawa
Zurück zum Zitat Osadetz KG, Dixon J, Dietrich J, Snowdon LR, Dallimore SR, Majorowicz JA (2005) A review of Mackenzie Delta-Beaufort Sea Petroleum Province Conventional and non-conventional (gas hydrate) petroleum reserves and undiscovered resources: a contribution to the resource assessment of the proposed Mackenzie Delta-Beaufort Sea marine protected areas, Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 4828 Osadetz KG, Dixon J, Dietrich J, Snowdon LR, Dallimore SR, Majorowicz JA (2005) A review of Mackenzie Delta-Beaufort Sea Petroleum Province Conventional and non-conventional (gas hydrate) petroleum reserves and undiscovered resources: a contribution to the resource assessment of the proposed Mackenzie Delta-Beaufort Sea marine protected areas, Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 4828
Zurück zum Zitat Østgaard K, Hegseth EN, Jensen A (1984) Species-dependent sensitivity of marine planktonic algae to Ekofisk crude oil under different light conditions. Bot Mar 27:309–318CrossRef Østgaard K, Hegseth EN, Jensen A (1984) Species-dependent sensitivity of marine planktonic algae to Ekofisk crude oil under different light conditions. Bot Mar 27:309–318CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Pearce T, Smit B, Duerden F, Ford JD, Goose A, Kataoyak F (2010) Inuit vulnerability and adaptive capacity to climate change in Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, Canada. Polar Rec 46:157–177CrossRef Pearce T, Smit B, Duerden F, Ford JD, Goose A, Kataoyak F (2010) Inuit vulnerability and adaptive capacity to climate change in Ulukhaktok, Northwest Territories, Canada. Polar Rec 46:157–177CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Perkins RA, Rhoton S, Behr-Andres C (2005) Comparative marine toxicity testing: cold-water species and standard warm-water test species exposed to crude oil and dispersant. Cold Reg Sci Technol 42:226–236CrossRef Perkins RA, Rhoton S, Behr-Andres C (2005) Comparative marine toxicity testing: cold-water species and standard warm-water test species exposed to crude oil and dispersant. Cold Reg Sci Technol 42:226–236CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Porsild AE (1945) Mammals of the Mackenzie Delta. Can Field Nat 59:4–22 Porsild AE (1945) Mammals of the Mackenzie Delta. Can Field Nat 59:4–22
Zurück zum Zitat Rice SD, Campbell LK, Pearson L, Higman B (2013) Oil spill occurrence rates for Alaska North Slope crude & refined oil spills, Report to Bureau of Ocean and Energy Management, OCS Study BOEM 2013–205 Rice SD, Campbell LK, Pearson L, Higman B (2013) Oil spill occurrence rates for Alaska North Slope crude & refined oil spills, Report to Bureau of Ocean and Energy Management, OCS Study BOEM 2013–205
Zurück zum Zitat Robertson TL, Campbell LK, Pearson L, Higman B (2013) Oil spill occurrence rates for Alaska North Slope crude & refined oil spills Robertson TL, Campbell LK, Pearson L, Higman B (2013) Oil spill occurrence rates for Alaska North Slope crude & refined oil spills
Zurück zum Zitat Shaughnessy PD, Fay FH (1977) A review of the taxonomy and nomenclature of North Pacific harbour seals. J Zool 182:385–419CrossRef Shaughnessy PD, Fay FH (1977) A review of the taxonomy and nomenclature of North Pacific harbour seals. J Zool 182:385–419CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shell (2010) Beaufort Sea regional exploration oil discharge prevention and contingency plan. Shell Offshore Inc., Anchorage Shell (2010) Beaufort Sea regional exploration oil discharge prevention and contingency plan. Shell Offshore Inc., Anchorage
Zurück zum Zitat Sikkema J, de Bont JA, Poolman B (1995) Mechanisms of membrane toxicity of hydrocarbons. Microbiol Rev 59:201–222 Sikkema J, de Bont JA, Poolman B (1995) Mechanisms of membrane toxicity of hydrocarbons. Microbiol Rev 59:201–222
Zurück zum Zitat Steenbeek JG (2012) Bridging the gap between modelling tools using Geographic Information Systems. University of British Columbia Steenbeek JG (2012) Bridging the gap between modelling tools using Geographic Information Systems. University of British Columbia
Zurück zum Zitat Stehn R, Platte R (2000) Exposure of birds to assumed oil spills at the Liberty Project, United States Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Unpublished Report Prepared for the Minerals Management Service Stehn R, Platte R (2000) Exposure of birds to assumed oil spills at the Liberty Project, United States Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Unpublished Report Prepared for the Minerals Management Service
Zurück zum Zitat Stepaniyan OV (2008) Effects of crude oil on major functional characteristics of macroalgae of the Barents Sea. Ecology 34:131–134 Stepaniyan OV (2008) Effects of crude oil on major functional characteristics of macroalgae of the Barents Sea. Ecology 34:131–134
Zurück zum Zitat Stickle WB, Rice SD, Moles A (1984) Bioenergetics and survival of the marine snail Thais lima during long-term oil exposure. Mar Biol 80:281–289CrossRef Stickle WB, Rice SD, Moles A (1984) Bioenergetics and survival of the marine snail Thais lima during long-term oil exposure. Mar Biol 80:281–289CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Stickle WB, Rice SD, Villars C, Metcalf W (1985) Bioenergetics and survival of the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis L., during long-term exposure to the water-soluble fraction of Cook Inlet crude oil. In: Vernberg F, Thurberg FP, Calabrese A, Vernberg WB (eds) Marine pollution and physiology: recent advances. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, pp 427–446 Stickle WB, Rice SD, Villars C, Metcalf W (1985) Bioenergetics and survival of the marine mussel, Mytilus edulis L., during long-term exposure to the water-soluble fraction of Cook Inlet crude oil. In: Vernberg F, Thurberg FP, Calabrese A, Vernberg WB (eds) Marine pollution and physiology: recent advances. University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, pp 427–446
Zurück zum Zitat Stirling I (1997) The importance of polynyas, ice edges, and leads to marine mammals and birds. J Mar Syst 10:9–21CrossRef Stirling I (1997) The importance of polynyas, ice edges, and leads to marine mammals and birds. J Mar Syst 10:9–21CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Stirling I (2002) Polar bears and seals in the eastern Beaufort Sea and Amundsen Gulf: a synthesis of population trends and ecological relationships over three decades. Arctic 55 Stirling I (2002) Polar bears and seals in the eastern Beaufort Sea and Amundsen Gulf: a synthesis of population trends and ecological relationships over three decades. Arctic 55
Zurück zum Zitat Stirling I, Smith TG (2004) Implications of warm temperatures and an unusual rain event for the survival of ringed seals on the coast of southeastern Baffin Island. Arctic 57 Stirling I, Smith TG (2004) Implications of warm temperatures and an unusual rain event for the survival of ringed seals on the coast of southeastern Baffin Island. Arctic 57
Zurück zum Zitat Stoker SW, Krupnik II (1993) Subsistence whaling. In: Bruns JJ, Montague JJ, Cowles CJ (eds) The bowhead whale. Society of Marine Mammalogy., Spec. Publ. No. 2, pp 579–629 Stoker SW, Krupnik II (1993) Subsistence whaling. In: Bruns JJ, Montague JJ, Cowles CJ (eds) The bowhead whale. Society of Marine Mammalogy., Spec. Publ. No. 2, pp 579–629
Zurück zum Zitat UN (2010) The right to adequate food, UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) UN (2010) The right to adequate food, UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
Zurück zum Zitat Venosa AD, Holder EL (2007) Biodegradability of dispersed crude oil at two different temperatures. Mar Pollut Bull 54:545–553CrossRef Venosa AD, Holder EL (2007) Biodegradability of dispersed crude oil at two different temperatures. Mar Pollut Bull 54:545–553CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wesche SD, Chan HM (2010) Adapting to the impacts of climate change on food security amoung Inuit in the western Canadian Arctic. EcoHealth 7:361–373CrossRef Wesche SD, Chan HM (2010) Adapting to the impacts of climate change on food security amoung Inuit in the western Canadian Arctic. EcoHealth 7:361–373CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yunker MD, Macdonald RW (1995) Composition and origins of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Mackenzie River and on the Beaufort Sea Shelf. Arctic 48:118–129CrossRef Yunker MD, Macdonald RW (1995) Composition and origins of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Mackenzie River and on the Beaufort Sea Shelf. Arctic 48:118–129CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Preparing for the Inevitable: Ecological and Indigenous Community Impacts of Oil Spill-Related Mortality in the United States’ Arctic Marine Ecosystem
verfasst von
Paul M. Suprenand
Carie Hoover
Cameron H. Ainsworth
Lindsey N. Dornberger
Chris J. Johnson
Copyright-Jahr
2020
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12963-7_27