4. Promoters

Behavior promoters, or simply “promoters” here, are institution components that are used to induce the occurrence of target behaviors or to enhance the effort level for such behaviors. The promoter comprises two key elements: first, the promoter response rules (i.e., the functional relationship between input and output) and second, the agency or equipment that implements such rules. In practice, the promoter is often paired with an observer and typically integrated into a single mechanism to minimize costs and raise efficiency for the implementing agency. Therefore, in practice we often see institution components that comprise the integration of observer and promoter, such as with “behavior measurement + promoter response rules + observation and promoter implementer”. For instance, “employee work performance indicator + rules on employee performance rewards + agency in charge of tabulating employee performance statistics and operating reward mechanism” are all institution components in an employee management institution.