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2014 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

10. Properties and Performance of Polymer Blends

verfasst von : S. F. Xavier

Erschienen in: Polymer Blends Handbook

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

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Abstract

This chapter presents an overview of properties and performance of polymer blends. It is structured into nine sections dealing with aspects required for assessing the performance of a polymer blend. These are mechanical properties comprising of both low-speed and high-speed popularly studied properties; chemical and solvent effects; thermal and thermodynamic properties; flammability; electrical, optical, and sound transmission properties; and some special test methods which assumed prominence recently because of their utility.

Each section opens up with standard test methods such as ASTM, BS, DIN, and ISO for each property evaluation and is summarized. Since presentation of all test methods for each property is beyond the scope of this chapter, one popular test method is described in detail while others are discussed with reference to it. The factors controlling each property are also examined. Each section concludes with an outline of the state of the art pertinent to the aspect in focus. Definitions of all terms from each section are grouped together in Table 10.36.

Toughening plays an important role in designing polymer blends. Due emphasis has been given to this aspect by presenting the different methods of determining blend toughness, specially using ductile fracture mechanics; the mechanisms of toughening; and also the factors influencing toughness. Flammability aspect assumed a great deal of interest ever since the US Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC) action in 1972. Commercial exploitation of a polymer blend is regulated, since then, by its flammability characteristics. A brief review on factors affecting flammability is presented, and a list of fire-retardant chemicals is provided in Table 10.37.

The recent advances in optical properties, sound transmission properties, and certain “special testing methods” are presented at the closing of the chapter. These “special test methods” are not yet matured into international test methods but, nevertheless, are popularly used for meeting the requirements of certain applications. Hence, awareness of these methods is considered to be essential. The chapter concludes with perspectives for the future developments.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Compounding Polymer Blends

Nächstes Kapitel Mechanical Properties of Polymer Blends

Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich

ABS

Poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene styrene)

ASTM

American Standard Test Method

British Standard

CAB

Cellulose acetate butyrate

DGEBA

Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A

DSC

Differential scanning calorimetry

ENR

Epoxidized natural rubber

EVA

Ethylene-co-vinylacetate

EPDM

Ethylene propylene diene monomer

ESC

Environmental stress cracking

HDT

Heat deflection/distortion temperature

HDPE

High-density polyethylene

HIPS

High-impact polystyrene

HTBN

Hydroxyl terminated poly(butadiene/acrylonitrile)

IGC

Inverse gas chromatography

LCST

Lower critical solution temperature

LEFM

Linear elastic fracture mechanics

LLDPE

Linear low-density polyethylene

OIT

Oxidative induction time

PA-6

Polyamide-6

PA-66

Polyamide-66

PBMA

Poly(butyl methacrylate)

PBT

Polybutylene terephthalate

Polycarbonate

PCL

Poly(ε-caprolactone)

Polyethylene

PEEK

Polyether ether ketone

PEI

Polyetherimide

PEO

Polyethylene oxide

PEOx

Poly(ethyl oxazoline)

PES

Polyethylene sulphide

PET

Poly ethylene terephthalate

PLLA

Poly(l-lactic acid)

PMMA

Poly(methyl methacrylate)

POM

Polyoxymethylene

PPBC

Polypropylene block copolymer

PPHP

Polypropylene homopolymer

PPS

Polyphenylene sulphide

PPO

Polyphenylene oxide

Poly styrene

PSMA

Poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride)

PTFE

Poly tetra fluoro ethylene

PTT

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

PVAc

Polyvinyl acetate

PVB

Polyvinyl butyral

PVC

Polyvinyl chloride

PVDF

Polyvinylidene fluoride

PVME

Poly(vinyl methyl ether)

PVP

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone

PVPh

Poly(4-vinylphenol)

SAN

Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)

SANS

Small-angle neutron scattering

SAXS

Small-angle X-ray scattering

Silk fibroin

SMA

Styrene-co-maleic anhydride

SPEEK

Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)

TGA

Thermogravimetric analyzer

TMOS

Tetramethyl bisphenol A oligosulfones

UCST

Upper critical solution temperature

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Titel: Properties and Performance of Polymer Blends
verfasst von: S. F. Xavier
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Buch: Polymer Blends Handbook
Print ISBN: 978-94-007-6063-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-94-007-6064-6

Copyright-Jahr: 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6064-6_12

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