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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

8. Radon in Groundwater System

verfasst von : Mark Baskaran

Erschienen in: Radon: A Tracer for Geological, Geophysical and Geochemical Studies

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The daughter products of 238U, 235U and 232Th have been utilized as tracers in groundwater systems primarily due to strong relative fractionation between a daughter and its immediate parent (generally). Of all the parent and daughter products in the U-Th series, ²²²Rn activity concentration is found to be the highest (excess radon of 102 to 105 times higher than that of ²²⁶Ra), as there is no removal of radon either by precipitation or sorption. Large scale spatial and relatively small scale temporal variations of ²²²Rn activities in worldwide groundwater systems have been reported. Attempts have been made to date groundwater using the measured 4He/²²²Rn ratios, although this method involves several key assumptions that need validation from more systematic studies, Radon has been used to investigate stream water-groundwater and surface water (lake, coastal ocean)—groundwater interactions and for the quantification of infiltration of meteoric water. Since almost all of the radon in groundwater is derived by recoil, from a comparison of the measured activities of ²²²Rn and radium isotopes (^{223,224,226,228}Ra), the rate constants of adsorption/desorption, and retardation factors have been determined for a few groundwater aquifers. One of the most powerful applications of radon as a tracer is in locating and quantifying the amount of non-aqueous phase liquids present in subsurface contaminated or industrial sites. With a sub-decameter spatial resolution, radon serves as a tool for in-situ monitoring of the location of free—phase plumes of LNAPLS.

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Titel: Radon in Groundwater System
verfasst von: Mark Baskaran
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Radon: A Tracer for Geological, Geophysical and Geochemical Studies
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-21328-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-21329-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21329-3_8