nach oben

Erschienen in:

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

8. Reactive and Functional Polyesters and Polyurethanes

verfasst von : Morteza Akbari, Reza Najjar

Erschienen in: Reactive and Functional Polymers Volume One

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

The reactive polyesters are organic compounds based primarily on carboxyl, hydroxyl and double bond functional groups, which are produced by polycondensation or ring opening polymerization (ROP). Depending on the functional group, they can react with different types of curing agents such as 2-hydroxyalkylamides, amines, atmospheric oxygen, diisocyanates, epoxies, melamine-formaldehyde (MF) and polyols to produce the final product on an industrial scale. The polymers resulting from the polyesters and curing agents have many applications such as adhesives, coatings, composites, elastomers, foams and sealants. One of the main applications of reactive polyesters is the preparation of diisocyanate-cured PUs. There are several types of reactive PUs which are produced by reacting a polyol with an isocyanate compound. The reactive site is often isocyanate end-capped groups. However, other functional groups such as amine, carboxyl and hydroxyl can be used as the reactive site. This chapter aims to analyze reactive polyester and polyurethane.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Synthesis of Biobased Polyurethane Foams From Agricultural and Forestry Wastes

Nächstes Kapitel Lignin as a Coating and Curing Agent on Biodegradable Epoxy Resins

Affolter, C., Barbezat, M., Piskoty, G., Neuner, O., & Terrasi, G. (2018). Failure of a sag water pipe triggered by aging of the gfrp composite relining. Engineering Failure Analysis, 84, 358–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.09.017.CrossRef

Akindoyo, J. O., Beg, M., Ghazali, S., Islam, M., Jeyaratnam, N., & Yuvaraj, A. (2016). Polyurethane types, synthesis and applications–A review. RSC Advances, 6(115), 114453–114482. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra14525f.CrossRef

Albdiry, M., & Yousif, B. (2019). Toughening of brittle polyester with functionalized halloysite nanocomposites. Composites Part B: Engineering, 160, 94–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.10.032.CrossRef

Andrew, G. D., Burdeniuc, J. J., & Zarkov, G. (2018). Polyester polyol-containing polyurethane systems having improved hydrolytic stability. U.S. Patent No. 10,023,680. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us10023680b2/en

Ashida, K. (Ed.). (2006). Polyurethane and related foams: Chemistry and technology. CRC press. ISBN 9781587161599.

Babaie, A., Rezaei, M., & Lotfi, R. (2019). Investigation of the effects of polycaprolactone molecular weight and graphene content on crystallinity, mechanical properties and shape memory behavior of polyurethane/graphene nanocomposites. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 96, 53–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.04.034.CrossRefPubMed

Barszczewska-Rybarek, I. (2017). The role of molecular structure on impact resistance and bending strength of photocured urethane-dimethacrylate polymer networks. Polymer Bulletin, 74(10), 4023–4040. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-017-1944-z.CrossRef

Bayer, O. (1947). Das di-isocyanat-polyadditionsverfahren (polyurethane). Angewandte Chemie, 59(9), 257–272. https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.19470590901.CrossRef

Belder, E., Rutten, H., & Perera, D. (2001). Cure characterization of powder coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 42(3–4), 142–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-9440(01)00149-7.CrossRef

Benítez, J. J., Heredia-Guerrero, J. A., Cruz-Carrillo, M. A., Barthel, M. J., Knicker, H. E., & Heredia, A. (2017). Insolubilization and thermal stabilization of a long-chain polyester by noncatalyzed melt-polycondensation synthesis in air. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 134(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.44350.

Boutevin, G., Ameduri, B., Boutevin, B., & Joubert, J. P. (2000). Synthesis and use of hydroxyl telechelic polybutadienes grafted by 2-mercaptoethanol for polyurethane resins. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 75(13), 1655–1666. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(20000328)75:13%3c1655::aid-app11%3e3.0.co;2-a.CrossRef

Brännström, S., Finnveden, M., Johansson, M., Martinelle, M., & Malmström, E. (2018). Itaconate based polyesters: Selectivity and performance of esterification catalysts. European Polymer Journal, 103, 370–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.04.017.CrossRef

Brosse, J.-C., Derouet, D., Epaillard, F., Soutif, J.-C., Legeay, G., & Dušek, K. (1987). Hydroxyl-terminated polymers obtained by free radical polymerization—Synthesis, characterization, and applications. In Catalytical and radical polymerization (Advances in polymer science) (Vol. 81, pp. 167–223). Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/bfb0037615.CrossRef

Cabrales, L., Calderon, K., Hinojosa, I., Valencia, F., & Abidi, N. (2016). Synthesis and characterization of polyesters derived from sebacic acid, hexanediol, and hydroquinone. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, 21(8), 718–727. https://doi.org/10.1080/1023666x.2016.1217456.CrossRef

Cambien, W. (2014). New UPR accelerators for sustainable future. Reinforced Plastics, 58(3), 29–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0034-3617(14)70137-7.CrossRef

Chattopadhyay, D. K., & Raju, K. (2007). Structural engineering of polyurethane coatings for high performance applications. Progress in Polymer Science, 32(3), 352–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.05.003.CrossRef

Chattopadhyay, D., Sreedhar, B., & Raju, K. (2006). The phase mixing studies on moisture cured polyurethane-ureas during cure. Polymer, 47(11), 3814–3825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.092.CrossRef

Chen, J.-m., Lu, Z.-j., Pan, G.-q., Y-x, Q., J-j, Y., & H-j, B. (2010). Synthesis of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene possessing high content of 1, 4-units via anionic polymerization. Chinese Journal of Polymer Science, 28(5), 715–720. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-010-9121-y.CrossRef

Chen, T., Jiang, G., Li, G., Wu, Z., & Zhang, J. (2015). Poly(ethylene glycol-co-1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol terephthalate) random copolymers: Effect of copolymer composition and microstructure on the thermal properties and crystallization behavior. RSC Advances, 5(74), 60570–60580. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra09252c.CrossRef

Chiou, B. S., & Schoen, P. E. (2002). Effects of crosslinking on thermal and mechanical properties of polyurethanes. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 83(1), 212–223. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.10056.CrossRef

Christensen, M. S., Hansen, J., Ramlau-Hansen, C. H., Toft, G., & Kolstad, H. (2017). Cancer incidence in workers exposed to styrene in the danish-reinforced plastics industry, 1968–2012. Epidemiology, 28(2), 300–310. https://doi.org/10.1097/ede.0000000000000608.CrossRefPubMed

Clement, K.S., Walker, L.L., Wehmeyer, R.M., Whitmarsh, R.H., Molzahn, D.C., Dianis, W.P., & Laycock, D.E. (2002). Polymerization of ethylene oxide using metal cyanide catalysts. US Patent 6,429,342. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us6429342b1/en

Clemitson, I. R. (Ed.). (2015). Castable polyurethane elastomers. CRC Press. ISBN 9781138809208.

Corcuera, M. A., Rueda, L., Saralegui, A., Martín, M. D., Fernández-d’Arlas, B., Mondragon, I., & Eceiza, A. (2011). Effect of diisocyanate structure on the properties and microstructure of polyurethanes based on polyols derived from renewable resources. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 122(6), 3677–3685. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.34781.CrossRef

Cousinet, S., Ghadban, A., Fleury, E., Lortie, F., Pascault, J.-P., & Portinha, D. (2015). Toward replacement of styrene by bio-based methacrylates in unsaturated polyester resins. European Polymer Journal, 67, 539–550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.02.016.CrossRef

Crapper, G. (2012). Powder coatings.

Crawford, D. M., Bass, R. G., & Haas, T. W. (1998). Strain effects on thermal transitions and mechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers. Thermochimica Acta, 323(1–2), 53–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6031(98)00541-3.CrossRef

Dai, J., Ma, S., Liu, X., Han, L., Wu, Y., Dai, X., & Zhu, J. (2015). Synthesis of bio-based unsaturated polyester resins and their application in waterborne UV-curable coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 78, 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2014.10.007.CrossRef

Datta, J., Kosiorek, P., & Włoch, M. (2017). Synthesis, structure and properties of poly(ether-urethane)s synthesized using a tri-functional oxypropylated glycerol as a polyol. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 128(1), 155–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5928-2.CrossRef

De Hoe, G. X., Zumstein, M. T., Tiegs, B. J., Brutman, J. P., McNeill, K., Sander, M., Coates, G. W., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2018). Sustainable polyester elastomers from lactones: Synthesis, properties, and enzymatic hydrolyzability. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 140(3), 963–973. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b10173.CrossRefPubMed

Delebecq, E., Pascault, J.-P., Boutevin, B., & Ganachaud, F. (2012). On the versatility of urethane/urea bonds: Reversibility, blocked isocyanate, and non-isocyanate polyurethane. Chemical Reviews, 113(1), 80–118. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr300195n.CrossRefPubMed

Deligny, P., & Tuck, N. (2000). Alkyds & polyesters. Wiley.

Díaz, A., Katsarava, R., & Puiggalí, J. (2014). Synthesis, properties and applications of biodegradable polymers derived from diols and dicarboxylic acids: From polyesters to poly(ester amide)s. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 15(5), 7064–7123. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms15057064.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Ding, H., Wang, J., Liu, J., Xu, Y., Chen, R., Wang, C., & Chu, F. (2015). Preparation and properties of a novel flame retardant polyurethane quasi-prepolymer for toughening phenolic foam. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 132(35). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.42424.

Dodiuk, H., & Goodman, S. H. (Eds.). (2013). Handbook of thermoset plastics (3rd ed. Edition. ISBN 978-1-4557-3107-7). William Andrew. https://doi.org/10.1016/c2011-0-09694-1.

Domschke, A., Lohmann, D., & Hopken, J. (2000). Polysiloxane-polyol macromers, their preparation and their use. U.S. Patent No. 6,043,328. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us6043328a/en

Dušek, K., Špírková, M., & Ilavský, M. (1991). Network formation in polyurethanes due to allophanate and biuret formation: Gel fraction and equilibrium modulus. Macromolecular Symposia, 45(1), 87–95. https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.19910450112.CrossRef

Dutta, N., Karak, N., & Dolui, S. (2004). Synthesis and characterization of polyester resins based on nahar seed oil. Progress in Organic Coatings, 49(2), 146–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2003.09.005.CrossRef

Dyer, E., Taylor, H. A., Mason, S. J., & Samson, J. (1949). The rates of reaction of isocyanates with alcohols. I. Phenyl isocyanate with 1-and 2-butanol. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 71(12), 4106–4109. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01180a064.CrossRef

Dzunuzovic, E., Tasic, S., Bozic, B., Babic, D., & Dunjic, B. (2005). UV-curable hyperbranched urethane acrylate oligomers containing soybean fatty acids. Progress in Organic Coatings, 52(2), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2004.10.003.CrossRef

Edlund, U., & Albertsson, A.-C. (2003). Polyesters based on diacid monomers. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 55(4), 585–609. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-409x(03)00036-x.CrossRefPubMed

Faunce, J. A. (2003). Low viscosity polyester polyols and methods for preparing same. U.S. Patent No. 6,664,363. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us6664363b1/en

Fidanovski, B. Z., Popovic, I. G., Radojevic, V. J., Radisavljevic, I. Z., Perisic, S. D., & Spasojevic, P. M. (2018). Composite materials from fully bio-based thermosetting resins and recycled waste poly(ethylene terephthalate). Composites Part B: Engineering, 153, 117–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.07.034.CrossRef

Fink, J. K. (Ed.). (2017). Reactive polymers: Fundamentals and applications: A concise guide to industrial polymers. William Andrew. ISBN 978-1-4557-3149-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/c2012-0-02516-1.

Finnigan, B., Martin, D., Halley, P., Truss, R., & Campbell, K. (2004). Morphology and properties of thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites incorporating hydrophilic layered silicates. Polymer, 45(7), 2249–2260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2004.01.049.CrossRef

Frisch, K., & Rumao, L. (1970). Catalysis in isocyanate reactions. Polymer Reviews, 5(1), 103–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583727008085365.CrossRef

Gallacher, L., & Bettelheim, F. A. (1962). Light-scattering studies of crosslinking unsaturated polyesters with methyl acrylate. Journal of Polymer Science, 58(166), 697–714. https://doi.org/10.1002/pol.1962.1205816643.CrossRef

Gao, R., Schwendeman, I. G., & Singer, D. L. (2015). Branched polyester polymers and soft touch coatings comprising the same. U.S. Patent No. 9,115,241. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us9115241b2/en

Gao, C., Han, S., Zhang, D., Wang, B., Wang, C., Wu, Y., & Liu, Y. (2018). A facile preparation of UV-cured films from waterborne unsaturated polyester via click reaction. Progress in Organic Coatings, 124, 232–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2018.08.014.CrossRef

Gheno, G., Ganzerla, R., Bortoluzzi, M., & Paganica, R. (2016). Accelerated weathering degradation behaviour of polyester thermosetting powder coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 101, 90–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2016.07.004.CrossRef

Gite, V., Mahulikar, P., & Hundiwale, D. (2010). Preparation and properties of polyurethane coatings based on acrylic polyols and trimer of isophorone diisocyanate. Progress in Organic Coatings, 68(4), 307–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2010.03.008.CrossRef

Gnanarajan, T. P., Nasar, A. S., Iyer, N. P., & Radhakrishnan, G. (2000). Synthesis of poly(urethane-imide) using aromatic secondary amine-blocked polyurethane prepolymer. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 38(22), 4032–4037. https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-0518(20001115)38:22%3c4032::aid-pola30%3e3.0.co;2-r.CrossRef

Gorna, K., Polowinski, S., & Gogolewski, S. (2002). Synthesis and characterization of biodegradable poly(ϵ-caprolactone urethane) s. I. Effect of the polyol molecular weight, catalyst, and chain extender on the molecular and physical characteristics. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 40(1), 156–170. https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.10096.CrossRef

Greunz, T., Lowe, C., Bradt, E., Hild, S., Strauß, B., & Stifter, D. (2018). A study on the depth distribution of melamine in polyester-melamine clear coats. Progress in Organic Coatings, 115, 130–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2017.11.014.CrossRef

Guo, S., He, J., Luo, W., & Liu, F. (2016). Research on the thermal decomposition reaction kinetics and mechanism of pyridinol-blocked isophorone diisocyanate. Materials, 9(2), 110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9020110.CrossRefPubMedCentral

Hadavand, B. S., Ataeefard, M., & Bafghi, H. F. (2015). Preparation of modified nano zno/polyester/tgic powder coating nanocomposite and evaluation of its antibacterial activity. Composites Part B: Engineering, 82, 190–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.08.024.CrossRef

Harris, J. M. (1985). Laboratory synthesis of polyethylene glycol derivatives. Journal of Macromolecular Science-Reviews in Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 25(3), 325–373. https://doi.org/10.1080/07366578508081960.CrossRef

Hashemi, M., Jamshidi, M., & Aghdam, J. H. (2018). Investigating fracture mechanics and flexural properties of unsaturated polyester polymer concrete (UP-PC). Construction and Building Materials, 163, 767–775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.115.CrossRef

Heredia-Guerrero, J. A., Caputo, G., Guzman-Puyol, S., Tedeschi, G., Heredia, A., Ceseracciu, L., Benitez, J. J., & Athanassiou, A. (2018). Sustainable polycondensation of multifunctional fatty acids from tomato pomace agro-waste catalyzed by tin (II) 2-ethylhexanoate. Materials Today Sustainability, 3–4, 100004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtsust.2018.12.001.CrossRef

Hillmyer, M. A., & Bates, F. S. (1996). Synthesis and characterization of model polyalkane−poly (ethylene oxide) block copolymers. Macromolecules, 29(22), 6994–7002. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma960774t.CrossRef

Hofacker, S., Gertzmann, R., Fleck, O., Ruttmann, G., & Brümmer, H.. (2004). Nco prepolymers prepared from isophorone diisocyanate and having a low monomer content. US Patent 6,825,376. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/US6825376B2/en.

Hofmann, J., Gupta, P., Kumpf, R. J., Ooms, P., Schäfer, W., & Schneider, M. (2001). Crystalline double metal cyanide catalysts for producing polyether polyols. U.S. Patent No. 6,323,375. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us6323375b1/en

Huang, Y. J., Zhang, X. H., Hua, Z. J., & Qi, G. R. (2010). Calcium chloride doped zinc-cobalt metal-cyanide complex: Unexpected highly activity towards ring-opening polymerization of propylene oxide. Chinese Chemical Letters, 21(8), 897–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2010.02.009.CrossRef

Husbands, M. J., Standen, C. J. S., & Hayward, G. (1987). A manual for resins for surface coatings (Vol. III, Second ed.). London: SITA Technology Ltd.

Ikladious, N. E., Asaad, J. N., Emira, H. S., & Mansour, S. H. (2017). Alkyd resins based on hyperbranched polyesters and pet waste for coating applications. Progress in Organic Coatings, 102(Part B), 217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2016.10.015.CrossRef

Ionescu, M. (2005). Chemistry and technology of polyols for polyurethanes. iSmithers Rapra Publishing.

Iyer, N. P., Gnanarajan, T. P., & Radhakrishnan, G. (2002). Mechanical and thermal properties of networks prepared from reactive poly(urethane-imide)s and blocked polyurethane prepolymer. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 203(4), 712–717. https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3935(20020301)203:4%3c712::aid-macp712%3e3.0.co;2-f.CrossRef

Jeong, H. Y., Lee, M. H., & Kim, B. K. (2006). Surface modification of waterborne polyurethane. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 290(1–3), 178–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.05.036.CrossRef

Jones, F. N., Nichols, M. E., & Pappas, S. P. (Eds.). (2017). Organic coatings: Science and technology. Wiley. ISBN: 978-1-119-33721-8.

Jung, S. J., Lee, S. J., Cho, W. J., & Ha, C. S. (1998). Synthesis and properties of uv-curable waterborne unsaturated polyester for wood coating. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 69(4), 695–708. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19980725)69:4%3c695::aid-app8%3e3.0.co;2-e.CrossRef

Karak, N. (2016). Biopolymers for paints and surface coatings. In F. Pacheco-Torgal, V. Ivanov, N. Karak, & H. Jonkers (Eds.), Biopolymers and biotech admixtures for eco-efficient construction materials (pp. 333–368). Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100214-8.00015-4.

Kent, J. A. (Ed.). (2007). Kent and riegel’s handbook of industrial chemistry and biotechnology (Vol. 1665, 11th ed.). Springer. eBook ISBN 978-0-387-27843-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-27843-8.

Kim, B., Ahn, B., Lee, M., & Lee, S. (2006). Design and properties of UV cured polyurethane dispersions. Progress in Organic Coatings, 55(2), 194–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2005.09.015.CrossRef

Knudsen, O. Ø., & Forsgren, A. (Eds.). (2017). Corrosion control through organic coatings (2nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 9781498760720.

Kotha, A., Raman, R. C., Ponrathnam, S., Kumar, K. K., & Shewale, J. G. (1998). Beaded reactive polymers 3 effect of triacrylates as crosslinkers on the physical properties of glycidyl methacrylate copolymers and immobilization of penicillin G acylase. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 74(3), 191–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02825965.CrossRefPubMed

Kreye, O., Mutlu, H., & Meier, M. A. (2013). Sustainable routes to polyurethane precursors. Green Chemistry, 15(6), 1431–1455. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3gc40440d.CrossRef

Krol, P. (2007). Synthesis methods, chemical structures and phase structures of linear polyurethanes. Properties and applications of linear polyurethanes in polyurethane elastomers, copolymers and ionomers. Progress in Materials Science, 52(6), 915–1015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2006.11.001.CrossRef

Kunwen, D. U., Du, K., Guofeng, Q. I. U., Panfeng, M. A. O., & Wang, L. (2016). Initiator composition, unsaturated polyester resin composition comprising same, and method for curing resin. U.S. Patent No. 9,334,362. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us9334362b2/en

Labet, M., & Thielemans, W. (2009). Synthesis of polycaprolactone: A review. Chemical Society Reviews, 38(12), 3484–3504. https://doi.org/10.1039/b820162p.CrossRefPubMed

Landau, M., Bellettiere, S. J., & Hoch, S. (1979). Accelerator systems for the peroxide-catalyzed curing of unsaturated polyester resin compositions. U.S. Patent No. 4,175,064. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us4175064a/en

Lapprand, A., Boisson, F., Delolme, F., Méchin, F., & Pascault, J.-P. (2005). Reactivity of isocyanates with urethanes: Conditions for allophanate formation. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 90(2), 363–373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.01.045.CrossRef

Li, X., Lu, Y., Wang, H., Pöselt, E., Eling, B., & Men, Y. (2017). Crystallization of hard segments in mdi/bd-based polyurethanes deformed at elevated temperature and their dependence on the mdi/bd content. European Polymer Journal, 97, 423–436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.10.014.CrossRef

Li, T., Zhang, Z. P., Rong, M. Z., & Zhang, M. Q. (2019). Self-healable and thiol–ene UV-curable waterborne polyurethane for anticorrosion coating. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 136(26), 47700. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.47700.CrossRef

Luceño-Sánchez, J., Maties, G., Gonzalez-Arellano, C., & Diez-Pascual, A. (2018). Synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide derivatives via functionalization reaction with hexamethylene diisocyanate. Nanomaterials, 8(11), 870. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8110870.CrossRefPubMedCentral

Malik, M., & Kaur, R. (2018). Influence of aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates on the properties of poly(ether ester) polyol based PU adhesive system. Polymer Engineering & Science, 58(1), 112–117. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.24537.CrossRef

Malik, M., Choudhary, V., & Varma, I. (2000). Current status of unsaturated polyester resins. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part C: Polymer Reviews, 40(2–3), 139–165. https://doi.org/10.1081/mc-100100582.CrossRef

McDaniel, K. G., Adkins, R. L., & Wardius, D. S. (2016). DMC catalyzed alkoxylation of esters. U.S. Patent No. 9,493,608. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us9493608b1/en

Melchiors, M., Sonntag, M., Kobusch, C., & Jürgens, E. (2000). Recent developments in aqueous two-component polyurethane (2k-pur) coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 40(1–4), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-9440(00)00123-5.CrossRef

Meng, Q., Cheng, R., Li, J., Wang, T., & Liu, B. (2016). Copolymerization of CO₂ and propylene oxide using znga/dmc composite catalyst for high molecular weight poly(propylene carbonate). Journal of CO2 Utilization, 16, 86–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2016.06.011.CrossRef

Merline, D. J., Vukusic, S., & Abdala, A. A. (2013). Melamine formaldehyde: Curing studies and reaction mechanism. Polymer Journal, 45(4), 413. https://doi.org/10.1038/pj.2012.162.CrossRef

Mirmohseni, A., Akbari, M., Najjar, R., & Hosseini, M. (2019). Self-healing waterborne polyurethane coating by pH-dependent triggered-release mechanism. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 136(8), 47082. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.47082.CrossRef

Najjar, R., Akbari, M., Mirmohseni, A., & Hosseini, M. (2018). Preparation and corrosion performance of healable waterborne polyurethane coatings containing isophoronediisocyanate loaded silica capsules. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 93, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2018.05.021.CrossRef

Nakagawa, Y., Banno, S., & Matsuyama, K. (1992). Control in curing of unsaturated polyester resin. Advanced Composite Materials, 2(4), 319–328. https://doi.org/10.1163/156855192x00125.CrossRef

Ni, H., Nash, H. A., Worden, J. G., & Soucek, M. D. (2002). Effect of catalysts on the reaction of an aliphatic isocyanate and water. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 40(11), 1677–1688. https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.10245.CrossRef

Noble, K.-L. (1997). Waterborne polyurethanes. Progress in Organic Coatings, 32(1–4), 131–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-9440(97)00071-4.CrossRef

Nozaki, S., Masuda, S., Kamitani, K., Kojio, K., Takahara, A., Kuwamura, G., Hasegawa, D., Moorthi, K., Mita, K., & Yamasaki, S. (2017). Superior properties of polyurethane elastomers synthesized with aliphatic diisocyanate bearing a symmetric structure. Macromolecules, 50(3), 1008–1015. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02044.CrossRef

Ohashi, K., Sato, K., & Yoshii, T. (2016). Polyester resin for coating metal plate, resin-coated metal plate being coated with the same, and metal can and lid. U.S. Patent No. 9,233,522. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us9233522b2/en

Oldring, P. K., & Tuck, N. (2000). Resins for surface coatings, alkyds & polyesters (Vol. 2). Wiley.

Önder, A., & Robinson, M. (2018). Harmonised method for impact resistance requirements of e-glass fibre/unsaturated polyester resin composite railway car bodies. Thin-Walled Structures, 131, 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.06.041.CrossRef

Pan, C., Lu, J., Wu, B., Wu, L., & Li, B.-G. (2017). Effect of monomer structure on crystallization and glass transition of flexible copolyesters. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 25(4), 1051–1061. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-016-0881-5.CrossRef

Pattanayak, A., & Jana, S. C. (2005). Thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites of reactive silicate clays: Effects of soft segments on properties. Polymer, 46(14), 5183–5193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.04.035.CrossRef

Paul, S., Zhu, Y., Romain, C., Brooks, R., Saini, P. K., & Williams, C. K. (2015). Ring-opening copolymerization (rocop): Synthesis and properties of polyesters and polycarbonates. Chemical Communications, 51(30), 6459–6479. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cc10113h.CrossRefPubMed

Penczek, P., Czub, P., & Pielichowski, J. (2005). Unsaturated polyester resins: Chemistry and technology. In Crosslinking in materials science (Advances in polymer science, vol 184) (pp. 1–95). Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/b136243.CrossRef

Percec, V., Pugh, C., Nuyken, O., & Pask, S. D. (1989). Macromonomers, oligomers and telechelic polymers. In G. Allen & J. C. Bevington (Eds.), Comprehensive polymer science and supplements (Vol. 6, pp. 281–357). Oxford: Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-096701-1.00189-0.CrossRef

Persoons, M. A., Horrion, J. P., De Vos, D., & Schellekens, Y. (2016). Thermoplastic polyurethanes made with tin-free catalysts. U.S. Patent Application No. 15/028,084. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us20160237197a1/en

Petrović, Z. S., & Ferguson, J. (1991). Polyurethane elastomers. Progress in Polymer Science, 16(5), 695–836. https://doi.org/10.1016/0079-6700(91)90011-9.CrossRef

Petrović, Z. S., Cvetković, I., Hong, D., Wan, X., Zhang, W., Abraham, T., & Malsam, J. (2008). Polyester polyols and polyurethanes from ricinoleic acid. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 108(2), 1184–1190. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.27783.CrossRef

Pilch-Pitera, B., Byczyński, Ł., & Myśliwiec, B. (2017). Study on the synthesis of new blocked polyisocyanates as crosslinking agents for hydrophobic polyurethane powder clear coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 113, 82–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2017.08.011.CrossRef

Pocius, A. V., & Dillard, D. A. (2002). Adhesion science and engineering: Surfaces, chemistry and applications. Elsevier.

Prashantha, K., Rashmi, B., & Pai, K. V. K. (2015). Preparation and characterization of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and castor oil based uralkyds interpenetrating polymer networks. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 23(4), 223–228. https://doi.org/10.1177/096739111502300403.CrossRef

Prueitt, R. L., Lynch, H. N., Zu, K., Shi, L., & Goodman, J. E. (2017). Dermal exposure to toluene diisocyanate and respiratory cancer risk. Environment international, 109, 181–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2017.09.017.CrossRefPubMed

Raghuraman, A., Babb, D., Miller, M., Paradkar, M., Smith, B., & Nguyen, A. (2016). Sequential dmc/fab-catalyzed alkoxylation toward high primary hydroxyl, high molecular weight polyether polyols. Macromolecules, 49(18), 6790–6798. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01363.CrossRef

Raheem, A. B., Noor, Z. Z., Hassan, A., Hamid, M. K. A., Samsudin, S. A., & Sabeen, A. H. (2019). Current developments in chemical recycling of post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate wastes for new materials production: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 225, 1052–1064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.019.CrossRef

Raspoet, G., Nguyen, M. T., McGarraghy, M., & Hegarty, A. F. (1998). The alcoholysis reaction of isocyanates giving urethanes: Evidence for a multimolecular mechanism. The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 63(20), 6878–6885. https://doi.org/10.1021/jo9806411.CrossRefPubMed

Rausch Jr, K. W., & Mcclellan, T. R. (1972). Continuous process for the one-shot preparation of a thermoplastic noncellular polyurethane. U.S. Patent No. 3,642,964. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us3642964a/en

Reardon, S., Carrol, A. L., Dumont, J. H., Park, C. H., Lee, K. S., & Labouriau, A. (2019). Extending the working life of toluene diisocyanate-based polyurethanes. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 136(33), 47865. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.47865.CrossRef

Rivera-Armenta, J., Heinze, T., & Mendoza-Martinez, A. (2004). New polyurethane foams modified with cellulose derivatives. European Polymer Journal, 40(12), 2803–2812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.07.015.CrossRef

Rogers, M. E., & Long, T. E. (Eds.) (2003). Synthetic methods in step-growth polymers: Wiley. Print ISBN: 9780471387695. Online ISBN: 9780471220527. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471220523.

Rolph, M. S., Markowska, A. L., Warriner, C. N., & O’Reilly, R. K. (2016). Blocked isocyanates: From analytical and experimental considerations to non-polyurethane applications. Polymer Chemistry, 7(48), 7351–7364. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6py01776b.CrossRef

Sadler, J. M., Toulan, F. R., Palmese, G. R., & La Scala, J. J. (2015). Unsaturated polyester resins for thermoset applications using renewable isosorbide as a component for property improvement. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 132(30). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.42315.

Sahoo, S., Kalita, H., Mohanty, S., & Nayak, S. K. (2018). Degradation study of biobased polyester–polyurethane and its nanocomposite under natural soil burial, UV radiation and hydrolytic-salt water circumstances. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 26(4), 1528–1539. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-017-1058-6.CrossRef

Salla, J., Ramis, X., Morancho, J., & Cadenato, A. (2002). Isoconversional kinetic analysis of a carboxyl terminated polyester resin crosslinked with triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) used in powder coatings from experimental results obtained by DSC and TMDSC. Thermochimica Acta, 388(1–2), 355–370. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6031(02)00036-9.

Saralegi, A., Rueda, L., Fernández-d’Arlas, B., Mondragon, I., Eceiza, A., & Corcuera, M. A. (2013). Thermoplastic polyurethanes from renewable resources: Effect of soft segment chemical structure and molecular weight on morphology and final properties. Polymer International, 62(1), 106–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.4330.CrossRef

Sasaki, K., & Crich, D. (2011). Facile amide bond formation from carboxylic acids and isocyanates. Organic Letters, 13(9), 2256–2259. https://doi.org/10.1021/ol200531k.CrossRefPubMed

Saxena, A., Senthilkumar, U., & Lewis, K. M. (2014). Siloxane monomers containing hydrolysis resistance carbosiloxane linkage, process for their preparation and thin films containing the same for contact lens application. U.S. Patent No. 8,772,367. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us8772367b2/en

Schneiderman, D. K., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2016). Aliphatic polyester block polymer design. Macromolecules, 49(7), 2419–2428. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00211.CrossRef

Schwetlick, K., & Noack, R. (1995). Kinetics and catalysis of consecutive isocyanate reactions. Formation of carbamates, allophanates and isocyanurates. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions, 2(2), 395–402. https://doi.org/10.1039/p29950000395.CrossRef

Scremin, D. M., Miyazaki, D. Y., Lunelli, C. E., Silva, S. A., & Zawadzki, S. F. (2019). Pet recycling by alcoholysis using a new heterogeneous catalyst: Study and its use in polyurethane adhesives preparation. Macromolecular Symposia, 383(1), 1800027. https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.201800027.CrossRef

Septevani, A. A., Evans, D. A., Chaleat, C., Martin, D. J., & Annamalai, P. K. (2015). A systematic study substituting polyether polyol with palm kernel oil based polyester polyol in rigid polyurethane foam. Industrial Crops and Products, 66, 16–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.11.053.CrossRef

Shi, W., & Rånby, B. (1994). UV curing of composites based on modified unsaturated polyester. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 51(6), 1129–1139. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070510619.CrossRef

Sikder, B. K., & Jana, T. (2018). Effect of solvent and functionality on the physical properties of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)-based polyurethane. ACS Omega, 3(3), 3004–3013. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b00022.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Smith, J. K., & Hounshell, D. A. (1985). Wallace H. Carothers and fundamental research at du Pont. Science, 229(4712), 436–442. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.229.4712.436.CrossRefPubMed

Sonnenschein, M. F. (2014). Polyurethanes: Science, technology, markets, and trends (Vol. 11). Wiley.

Sonnenschein, M. F., Lysenko, Z., Brune, D. A., Wendt, B. L., & Schrock, A. K. (2005). Enhancing polyurethane properties via soft segment crystallization. Polymer, 46(23), 10158–10166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2005.08.006.CrossRef

Sorce, F. S., Ngo, S., Lowe, C., & Taylor, A. C. (2019). The effect of hmmm crosslinker content on the thermal-mechanical properties of polyester coil coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 137, 105338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2019.105338.CrossRef

Spasojevic, P. M. (2019). Thermal and rheological properties of unsaturated polyester resins-based composites. In S. Thomas, M. Hosur, & C. J. Chirayil (Eds.), Unsaturated polyester resins: Fundamentals, Design, Fabrication, and Applications (pp. 367–406). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-816129-6.00015-6.

Suh, D., Park, O., & Yoon, K. (2000). The properties of unsaturated polyester based on the glycolyzed poly(ethylene terephthalate) with various glycol compositions. Polymer, 41(2), 461–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00168-8.CrossRef

Swanson, J. P., Cruz, M. A., Monteleone, L. R., Martinez, M. R., Costanzo, P. J., & Joy, A. (2017). The effect of pendant group structure on the thermoresponsive properties of n-substituted polyesters. Polymer Chemistry, 8(46), 7195–7206. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7py01391d.CrossRef

Szycher, M. (2012). Szycher’s handbook of polyurethanes. CRC press. ISBN 9781138075733.

Tan, S., Abraham, T., Ference, D., & Macosko, C. W. (2011). Rigid polyurethane foams from a soybean oil-based polyol. Polymer, 52(13), 2840–2846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2011.04.040.CrossRef

Tawfik, S., Asaad, J., & Sabaa, M. (2003). Effect of polyester backbone structure on the cured products properties. Polymer Testing, 22(7), 747–759. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0142-9418(03)00008-4.CrossRef

Ullmann, F., Gerhartz, W., Yamamoto, Y. S., Campbell, F. T., Pfefferkorn, R., & Rounsaville, J. F. (1985). Ullmann’s encyclopedia of industrial chemistry. VCH publishers.

Vaidya, A., & Chaudhury, M. K. (2002). Synthesis and surface properties of environmentally responsive segmented polyurethanes. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 249(1), 235–245. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcis.2002.8262.CrossRefPubMed

van der Linde, R., Belder, E. G., & Perera, D. Y. (2000). Effect of physical aging and thermal stress on the behavior of polyester/tgic powder coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 40(1–4), 215–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-9440(00)00125-9.CrossRef

Varvarenko, S., Tarnavchyk, I., Voronov, A., Fihurka, N., Dron, I., Nosova, N., Taras, R., Samaryk, V., & Voronov, S. (2013). Synthesis and colloidal properties of polyesters based on glutamic acids and glycols of different nature. Chemistry & Chemical Technology, 7(2), 161–168. Available in: http://ena.lp.edu.ua/bitstream/ntb/20845/1/8-161-168.pdf.CrossRef

Vilar, W. D. (2006). Chemistry and technology of polyurethanes.

Weatherhead, R. (2012). FRP technology: Fibre reinforced resin systems. Springer Science & Business Media. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8721-0.

Wicks, D. A., & Wicks, Z. W., Jr. (2005). Autoxidizable urethane resins. Progress in Organic Coatings, 54(3), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2004.12.006.CrossRef

Wilms, D., Stiriba, S.-E., & Frey, H. (2009). Hyperbranched polyglycerols: From the controlled synthesis of biocompatible polyether polyols to multipurpose applications. Accounts of Chemical Research, 43(1), 129–141. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar900158p.CrossRef

Wilson, R. C., & Pfohl, W. F. (2000). Study of cross-linking reactions of melamine/formaldehyde resin with hydroxyl functional polyester by generalized 2-D infrared spectroscopy. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 23(1), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-2031(99)00072-7.CrossRef

Wiser-Halladay, R. (1990). Polyurethane quasi prepolymer for proppant consolidation. U.S. Patent No. 4,920,192. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us4920192a/en

Witt, U., Müller, R. J., Augusta, J., Widdecke, H., & Deckwer, W. D. (1994). Synthesis, properties and biodegradability of polyesters based on 1, 3-propanediol. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 195(2), 793–802. https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.1994.021950235.CrossRef

Wolek, S., Kaplan, W. A., Schreiner, L., Yao, C., & Norberg, D. J. (2019). Polyester polyols imparting improved flammability properties. U.S. Patent Application No. 16/179,690. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us20190071533a1/en

Wu, Y., & Li, K. (2016). Replacement of styrene with acrylated epoxidized soybean oil in an unsaturated polyester resin from propylene glycol, isophthalic acid, and maleic anhydride. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 133(8). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.43052.

Xiang, D., Liu, L., & Liang, Y. (2017). Effect of hard segment content on structure, dielectric and mechanical properties of hydroxyl-terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer-based polyurethane elastomers. Polymer, 132, 180–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2017.11.001.CrossRef

Xu, Y., Yan, C., Ding, J., Gao, Y., & Cao, C. (2002). Water vapour in the coatings of alkyd and polyurethane varnish. Progress in Organic Coatings, 45(4), 331–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-9440(02)00069-3.CrossRef

Yang, W., Cheng, X., Wang, H., Liu, Y., & Du, Z. (2017). Surface and mechanical properties of waterborne polyurethane films reinforced by hydroxyl-terminated poly(fluoroalkyl methacrylates). Polymer, 133, 68–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2017.11.021.CrossRef

Yang, G., Song, J., & Hou, X. (2018). Fabrication of highly hydrophobic two-component thermosetting polyurethane surfaces with silica nanoparticles. Applied Surface Science, 439, 772–779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.017.CrossRef

Yang, J., Li, J., Muhammad, Y., Yin, Y., Meng, F., Wei, Y., & Yang, H. (2019a). Synthesis and properties of polydimethylsiloxane/graphene oxide modified, water-based polyurethane/polyacrylate. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 47926. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.47926.

Yang, Y., Alidedeoglu, H. A., & Chellamuthu, M. (2019b). Polyester-based polymers having improved hydrolytic stability. U.S. Patent Application No. 16/301,066. Available in: https://patents.google.com/patent/us20190185619a1/en

Yeon, K.-S., Choi, Y.-S., Kim, K.-K., & Yeon, J. H. (2017). Flexural fatigue life analysis of unsaturated polyester-methyl methacrylate polymer concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 140, 336–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.02.116.CrossRef

Yu, T., & Ma, S. (1993). Thickening and curing behavior of unsaturated polyester. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A: Pure and Applied Chemistry, 30(4), 293–301. https://doi.org/10.1080/10601329308009407.CrossRef

Zeno, W., Wicks, J., & Pappas, S. P. (1998). Organic coatings-science and technology. Wiley-Interscience.

Zetterlund, P., Weaver, W., & Johnson, A. (2002). Kinetics of polyesterification: Modelling of the condensation of maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, and 1, 2-propylene glycol. Polymer Reaction Engineering, 10(1–2), 41–57. https://doi.org/10.1081/pre-120003921.CrossRef

Zhang, J., Tu, W., & Dai, Z. (2012). Synthesis and characterization of transparent and high impact resistance polyurethane coatings based on polyester polyols and isocyanate trimers. Progress in Organic Coatings, 75(4), 579–583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2012.05.005.CrossRef

Zhang, J., Xu, H., Hu, L., Yang, Y., Li, H., Huang, C., & Liu, X. (2017a). Novel waterborne UV-curable hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate/silica with good printability and rheological properties applicable to flexographic ink. ACS Omega, 2(11), 7546–7558. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b00939.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zhang, X., Zheng, J., Fang, H., Zhang, Y., & Bai, S. (2017b). Surface modified graphene oxide cross-linking with hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene polyurethane: Effects on structure and properties. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 103, 208–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2017.10.011.CrossRef

Zlatanić, A., Lava, C., Zhang, W., & Petrović, Z. S. (2004). Effect of structure on properties of polyols and polyurethanes based on different vegetable oils. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 42(5), 809–819. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.10737.CrossRef

Titel: Reactive and Functional Polyesters and Polyurethanes
verfasst von: Morteza Akbari
Reza Najjar
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Reactive and Functional Polymers Volume One
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-43402-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-43403-8

Copyright-Jahr: 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43403-8_8

Premium Partner

Marktübersichten

Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.

Zur Marktübersicht