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Erschienen in:
2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel
7. Realtime High Resolution Flood Hazard Mapping in Small Catchments
verfasst von : Flavio Pignone, Lorenzo Campo, Daniele Dolia, Rocco Masi, Giacomo Fagugli, Daniele Ferrari, Simone Gabellani, Francesco Silvestro, Nicola Rebora, Francesca Giannoni
Erschienen in: Advances in Hydroinformatics
Verlag: Springer Singapore
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Abstract
All over the world a lot of cities are located in flood-prone areas and millions of people are exposed to inundation risk. To cope with that the civil protection organism demands efficient tools able to predict flooding risk and the associated ground effects with the goal of social safety. For this reason, the flood forecasting systems on specific river sections, also called hydro-meteorological chains, has become very useful due to the ability to use rainfall observations and predictions to provide in advance a quantitative evaluation of possible ground effects in term of discharge and peak flow.
Recently, thanks to the advancement in computing performances, the hydro-meteorological chains can be completed with the hydraulic models able to compute bi-dimensional flooding maps. Unfortunately, the use in real time is still a challenging task both in large basins, for the extension of the potentially flooded areas, and in small-medium basin for the temporal scale of the phenomena.
To overpass the problem, an abacus of flood scenarios has been used to create in real time inundation scenarios useful for civil protection and authorities to evaluate flood risk. The abacus is created with a full bi-dimensional hydraulic model able to assess flood extension and flow depth maps accordingly to different statistical quantiles of discharge.
An algorithm able to join the different return period scenarios has been created to define the maximum flood extensions expected given the flow forecast or the observations of the hydrometric level converted in discharge for some river sections. The algorithm has been tested on past events on Liguria region where there are several small and very small catchments (<15 km2) and now runs operationally within EU funded projects as ANYWHERE H2020 project and POR framework.