nach oben

Erschienen in:

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

15. Regulatory Instruments and the Diffusion of Low-Carbon Technologies in the European Union

verfasst von : Matthias Helble, Adam Majoe

Erschienen in: Globalization of Low-Carbon Technologies

Verlag: Springer Singapore

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

This chapter studies the policies designed and implemented in the European Union (EU) to promote low-carbon technologies (LCTs). The focus of this chapter is on nonmarket instruments, i.e. instruments that do not use financial incentives but rather regulatory measures. In particular, we study measures that were decided at the regional level by the European Commission and need to be implemented at the national level. We analyse four recent directives aimed at promoting LCTs for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We find that the four directives helped reduce energy consumption in the EU and increased international trade in low-carbon products.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Regional Cooperation in Renewable Energy Trade: Prospects and Constraints

Nächstes Kapitel World Bank Experience in Low-Carbon Investments and the Role of Carbon Pricing in China

Primary energy consumption is defined in Article 2.2 of the directive as “gross inland consumption, excluding non-energy uses”. Final energy consumption is defined in Article 2.3 as “all energy supplied to industry, transport, households, services, and agriculture. It excludes deliveries to the energy transformation sector and the energy industries themselves”.

ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE). (2015). 4th ASEAN energy outlook. http://www.aseanenergy.org/resources/publications/4th-asean-energy-outlook-executive-summary/

BIO by Deloitte, Oeko-Institut and ERA Technology. (2014). Preparatory Study to Establish the Ecodesign Working Plan 2015–2017 Implementing Directive 2009/125/EC—Task 1 Draft Final Report Prepared for the European Commission (DG ENTR).

BMU (Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety). (2011). Transforming our energy system—The foundations of a new energy age.

BMWi (Federal Ministry for Economics and Energy). (2014). Making more out of energy: National Action Plan on Energy Efficiency. Berlin: BMWi.

Buildings Performance Institute Europe (BPIE). (2011). Europe’s Buildings under the Microscope: A Country by Country Review of the Energy Performance of Buildings. http://bpie.eu/publication/europes-buildings-under-the-microscope/

Buildings Performance Institute Europe (BPIE). (2015). Principles for nearly zero-energy buildings. http://bpie.eu/publication/principles-for-nearly-zero-energy-buildings/

Cameron, P. (2009). Energy: Efficiency, security and environment. In M. Dougan & S. Currie (Eds.), 50 years of the European treaties: Looking back and thinking forward. Oxford: Hart Publishing, Oxford.

Climate Action Tracker. (2016). EU Assessment, April 7. Available at http://climateactiontracker.org/countries/eu.html

Ecofys. (2014a). Subsidies and costs of EU energy. Final Report. November 11.

Ecofys. (2014b). Evaluation of the energy labelling directive and specific aspects of the ecodesign Directive, ENER/C3/2012-523. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/Final_technical_report-Evaluation_ELD_ED_June_2014.pdf

Ecofys. (2015). Assessment of cost optimal calculations in the context of the EPBD: Final report. Ecofys: Cologne, Germany.

European Commission (EC). (2011). Impact assessment. Accompanying the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Energy Efficiency and Amending and Subsequently Repealing Directives 2004/8/EC and 2006/32/EC.

European Commission (EC). (2015a). Second Biennial Report of the European Union under the UN framework convention on climate change. December 15. http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/strategies/progress/monitoring/docs/c_2015_3_en.pdf

European Commission (EC). (2015b). Public Consultation on the Evaluation of Directive 2010/31/EU. Final Synthesis Report. https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/MJ-02-15-954-EN-N.pdf

European Commission (EC). (2015c). A framework strategy for a resilient energy union with a forward-looking climate change policy. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee, the Committee of the Regions and the European Investment Bank. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2015%3A80%3AFIN

European Commission (EC). (2015d). Energy: Commission refers Hungary to Court and Proposes Fines for Failing to Fully Transpose EU Energy Efficiency Rules. Press Release. March 26. http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-15-4668_en.htm

European Commission (EC). (2015e). Evolution of indicative national energy efficiency targets for 2020. http://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/Article%203%20EED_Indicative%20national%20energy%20efficiency%20targets%202020%20%28October%202015%29.pdf

European Commission (EC). (2016). Public Consultation for the Review of Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency. Final Synthesis Report. https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/Public%20Consultation%20Report%20on%20the%20EED%20Review.pdf

European Commission (EC). (2002). Directive 2002/91/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2002 on the Energy Performance of Buildings. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32002L0091

European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ECEEE). (2011). Calculation methodology for reporting on national energy performance requirements on the basis of cost optimality within the framework of the EPBD. http://www.eceee.org/policy-areas/buildings/cost_optimality

European Environment Agency. (2015). Trends and Projections in Europe 2015. Tracking Progress towards Europe’s Climate and Energy Targets for 2020. Luxembourg.

European Environment Agency. (2016) National emissions reported to the UNFCCC and to the EU greenhouse gas monitoring mechanism provided by the Directorate-General for Climate Action (DG-CLIMA). http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/greenhouse-gas-emission-trends-6/assessment. Accessed 27 Oct 2016.

Eurostat. (2014). (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&plugin=1&language=en&pcode=t2020_33

European Union (EU). (2009a). Directive 2009/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the Community. Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32009L0029

European Union (EU). (2009b). Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32009L0028

European Union (EU). (2009c). Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide. Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32009L0031

European Union (EU). (2009d). Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for energy-related products. Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32009L0125

European Union (EU). (2010a). Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings. Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2010:153:00

European Union (EU). (2010b). Directive 2010/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the indication by labelling and standard product information of the consumption of energy and other resources by energy-related products (recast) (OJ L 153, 18.06.2010, p. 1) (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32010L0030&from=EN)

European Union (EU). (2012). Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on energy efficiency, amending Directives 2009/125/EC and 2010/30/EU and repealing Directives 2004/8/EC and 2006/32/EC (OJ L 315, 14.11.2012, p. 1) (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32012L0027:EN:PDF)

Feenstra, R. (2002). Border effects and the gravity equation: Consistent methods for estimation. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 49(5), 491–506.CrossRef

Government of the United Kingdom. (2012). Impact assessment: Recast of the energy performance of buildings regulations. Department for Communities and Local Government. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/39379/Impact_Assessment.pdf

Heinzle, S. L., & Wüstenhagen, R. (2012). Dynamic adjustment of eco-labeling schemes and consumer choice—The revision of the EU energy label as a missed opportunity? Business Strategy and the Environment, 21, 60–70. doi:10.1002/bse.722 CrossRef

Hof, A. F., den Elzen, M. G. J., & Mendoza Beltran, A. (2016). The EU 40% greenhouse gas emission reduction target by 2030 in perspective. International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law, and Economics., 16(3), 375–392.CrossRef

Lane, K., Brocklehurst, F., Siderius, H.-P., & Ellis, M. (2013). The role of technology-forcing standards and innovation to dramatically accelerate product energy efficiency. ECEEE proceedings.

Odyssee-Earth Observation—Environment (ACRI-ST). (2010). (http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/external/odyssee .

Odyssee-Mure. (2015). Energy efficiency trends and policies in the household and tertiary sectors. http://www.odyssee-mure.eu/publications/br/energy-efficiency-in-buildings.html

Popescu, D., Bienert, S., Schutzenhofer, C., & Boazu, R. (2012). Impact of energy efficiency measures on the economic value of buildings. Applied Energy, 89(1), 454–463.CrossRef

Schlomann, B., Eichhammer, W., Reuter, M., Frölich, C., & Tarique, S. (2015). Energy efficiency trends and policies in Germany. Karlsruhe: Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research.

Shi, X. (2015). Energy efficiencies in the ASEAN region. In Yan, J. (Ed.), The handbook of clean energy systems (Vol. 6, pp. 3681–3699). Wiley-Blackwell

Tinbergen, J. (1962). Shaping the world economy: Suggestions for an international economic policy. New York: The Twentieth Century Fund.

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). (2015). Submission by Latvia and the European Commission on Behalf of the European Union and Its Member States. March 6. Available http://www4.unfccc.int/Submissions/INDC/Published%20Documents/Latvia/1/LV-03-06-EU%20INDC.pdf

Vossenaar, R. (2010), Climate-related single-use environmental goods. ICTSD Issue Paper No. 13. International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development: Geneva, Switzerland.

Titel: Regulatory Instruments and the Diffusion of Low-Carbon Technologies in the European Union
verfasst von: Matthias Helble
Adam Majoe
Verlag: Springer Singapore
Buch: Globalization of Low-Carbon Technologies
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-4900-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-10-4901-9

Copyright-Jahr: 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4901-9_15

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"