Skip to main content

2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Rejig: A Scalable Online Algorithm for Cache Server Configuration Changes

verfasst von : Shahram Ghandeharizadeh, Marwan Almaymoni, Haoyu Huang

Erschienen in: Transactions on Large-Scale Data- and Knowledge-Centered Systems XLII

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

A cache server configuration describes an assignment of data fragments to cache manager instances (CMIs). A load balancer may change this assignment by migrating fragments from one CMI to another. Similarly, an auto-scaling component may change the assignment by either inserting or removing CMIs in response to load fluctuations. These changes may generate stale cache entries. Rejig is a scalable online algorithm that manages configuration changes while providing read-after-write consistency. It is novel for several reasons. First, it allows for a subset of its clients and CMIs to use different configurations. Second, its client components propagate configuration changes to one another on demand and by using CMIs. This enables Rejig to scale and support diverse application classes including trusted mobile clients accessing the caching layer. When clients have intermittent network connectivity, Rejig detects if their cached configurations may result in stale data and updates them to the latest with no performance impact on either the CMIs or other clients. Rejig’s overhead is in the form of 4 extra bytes of memory per cache entry and 4 extra bytes of the network bandwidth per request from a client to a CMI.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Anhänge
Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich
Fußnoten
1
The definition of Rejig is to rearrange or organize differently.
 
2
Untrusted mobile clients may open possibilities for a Denial of Service (DoS) attack or data corruption.
 
3
CMI\(_i\) may pin the latest configuration to prevent its eviction.
 
4
The configuration that inserted or updated this entry.
 
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Adya, A., et al.: Slicer: auto-sharding for datacenter applications. In: 12th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, OSDI 2016, pp. 739–753. USENIX Association, Savannah (2016) Adya, A., et al.: Slicer: auto-sharding for datacenter applications. In: 12th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, OSDI 2016, pp. 739–753. USENIX Association, Savannah (2016)
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Aguilera, M.K., Merchant, A., Shah, M., Veitch, A., Karamanolis, C.: Sinfonia: a new paradigm for building scalable distributed systems. In: Proceedings of Twenty-First ACM SIGOPS Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 2007, pp. 159–174. ACM, New York (2007) Aguilera, M.K., Merchant, A., Shah, M., Veitch, A., Karamanolis, C.: Sinfonia: a new paradigm for building scalable distributed systems. In: Proceedings of Twenty-First ACM SIGOPS Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 2007, pp. 159–174. ACM, New York (2007)
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Annamalai, M., et al.: Sharding the shards: managing datastore locality at scale with Akkio. In: 13th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, OSDI 2018, pp. 445–460. USENIX Association, Carlsbad (2018) Annamalai, M., et al.: Sharding the shards: managing datastore locality at scale with Akkio. In: 13th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, OSDI 2018, pp. 445–460. USENIX Association, Carlsbad (2018)
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Arlitt, M., Jin, T.: A workload characterization study of the 1998 world cup web site. Netw. Mag. Global Internetwkg. 14(3), 30–37 (2000) Arlitt, M., Jin, T.: A workload characterization study of the 1998 world cup web site. Netw. Mag. Global Internetwkg. 14(3), 30–37 (2000)
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Atikoglu, B., Xu, Y., Frachtenberg, E., Jiang, S., Paleczny, M.: Workload analysis of a large-scale key-value store. In: SIGMETRICS, pp. 53–64. ACM, New York (2012)CrossRef Atikoglu, B., Xu, Y., Frachtenberg, E., Jiang, S., Paleczny, M.: Workload analysis of a large-scale key-value store. In: SIGMETRICS, pp. 53–64. ACM, New York (2012)CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Beckmann, N., Chen, H., Cidon, A.: LHD: improving cache hit rate by maximizing hit density. In: 15th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation, NSDI 2018, pp. 389–403. USENIX Association, Renton (2018) Beckmann, N., Chen, H., Cidon, A.: LHD: improving cache hit rate by maximizing hit density. In: 15th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation, NSDI 2018, pp. 389–403. USENIX Association, Renton (2018)
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Cidon, A., Eisenman, A., Alizadeh, M., Katti, S.: Cliffhanger: scaling performance cliffs in web memory caches. In: 13th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation, NSDI 2016, pp. 379–392. USENIX Association, Santa Clara (2016) Cidon, A., Eisenman, A., Alizadeh, M., Katti, S.: Cliffhanger: scaling performance cliffs in web memory caches. In: 13th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation, NSDI 2016, pp. 379–392. USENIX Association, Santa Clara (2016)
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Cooper, B.F., Silberstein, A., Tam, E., Ramakrishnan, R., Sears, R.: Benchmarking cloud serving systems with YCSB. In: Proceedings of the 1st ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing, SoCC 2010, pp. 143–154. ACM, New York (2010) Cooper, B.F., Silberstein, A., Tam, E., Ramakrishnan, R., Sears, R.: Benchmarking cloud serving systems with YCSB. In: Proceedings of the 1st ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing, SoCC 2010, pp. 143–154. ACM, New York (2010)
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Corbett, J.C., et al.: Spanner: Google’s globally-distributed database. In: 10th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, OSDI 2012, pp. 261–264. USENIX Association, Hollywood (2012) Corbett, J.C., et al.: Spanner: Google’s globally-distributed database. In: 10th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation, OSDI 2012, pp. 261–264. USENIX Association, Hollywood (2012)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Cortez, E., Bonde, A., Muzio, A., Russinovich, M., Fontoura, M., Bianchini, R.: Resource central: understanding and predicting workloads for improved resource management in large cloud platforms. In: Proceedings of the 26th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 2017, pp. 153–167. ACM, New York (2017) Cortez, E., Bonde, A., Muzio, A., Russinovich, M., Fontoura, M., Bianchini, R.: Resource central: understanding and predicting workloads for improved resource management in large cloud platforms. In: Proceedings of the 26th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 2017, pp. 153–167. ACM, New York (2017)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat DeCandia, G., et al.: Dynamo: Amazon’s highly available key-value store. In: SOSP (2007) DeCandia, G., et al.: Dynamo: Amazon’s highly available key-value store. In: SOSP (2007)
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Demers, A., et al.: Epidemic algorithms for replicated database maintenance. In: Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, PODC 1987, pp. 1–12. ACM, New York (1987) Demers, A., et al.: Epidemic algorithms for replicated database maintenance. In: Proceedings of the Sixth Annual ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, PODC 1987, pp. 1–12. ACM, New York (1987)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Escriva, R., Wong, B., Sirer, E.G.: HyperDex: a distributed, searchable key-value store. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2012 Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication, SIGCOMM 2012, pp. 25–36. ACM, New York (2012) Escriva, R., Wong, B., Sirer, E.G.: HyperDex: a distributed, searchable key-value store. In: Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2012 Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication, SIGCOMM 2012, pp. 25–36. ACM, New York (2012)
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Fagin, R., Nievergelt, J., Pippenger, N., Strong, H.R.: Extendible hashing - a fast access method for dynamic files. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 4(3), 315–344 (1979)CrossRef Fagin, R., Nievergelt, J., Pippenger, N., Strong, H.R.: Extendible hashing - a fast access method for dynamic files. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 4(3), 315–344 (1979)CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghandeharizadeh, S., Almaymoni, M., Huang, H.: Rejig: a scalable online algorithm for cache server configuration changes. In: Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing, SoCC 2018, p. 513. ACM, New York (2018) Ghandeharizadeh, S., Almaymoni, M., Huang, H.: Rejig: a scalable online algorithm for cache server configuration changes. In: Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing, SoCC 2018, p. 513. ACM, New York (2018)
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghandeharizadeh, S., et al.: A demonstration of KOSAR: an elastic, scalable, highly available SQL middleware. In: Proceedings of the Posters & Demos Session, Middleware Posters and Demos 2014, pp. 23–24. ACM, New York (2014) Ghandeharizadeh, S., et al.: A demonstration of KOSAR: an elastic, scalable, highly available SQL middleware. In: Proceedings of the Posters & Demos Session, Middleware Posters and Demos 2014, pp. 23–24. ACM, New York (2014)
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghandeharizadeh, S., Huang, H.: Gemini: a distributed crash recovery protocol for persistent caches. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Middleware Conference, Middleware 2018, pp. 134–145. ACM, New York (2018) Ghandeharizadeh, S., Huang, H.: Gemini: a distributed crash recovery protocol for persistent caches. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Middleware Conference, Middleware 2018, pp. 134–145. ACM, New York (2018)
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghandeharizadeh, S., Huang, H.: Hoagie: a database and workload generator using published specifications. In: Second IEEE International Workshop on Benchmarking, Performance Tuning and Optimization for Big Data Applications, December 2018 Ghandeharizadeh, S., Huang, H.: Hoagie: a database and workload generator using published specifications. In: Second IEEE International Workshop on Benchmarking, Performance Tuning and Optimization for Big Data Applications, December 2018
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghandeharizadeh, S., Yap, J.: Gumball: a race condition prevention technique for cache augmented SQL database management systems. In: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGMOD Workshop on Databases and Social Networks, DBSocial 2012, pp. 1–6. ACM, New York (2012) Ghandeharizadeh, S., Yap, J.: Gumball: a race condition prevention technique for cache augmented SQL database management systems. In: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGMOD Workshop on Databases and Social Networks, DBSocial 2012, pp. 1–6. ACM, New York (2012)
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghandeharizadeh, S., Yap, J., Nguyen, H.: Strong consistency in cache augmented SQL systems. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Middleware Conference, Middleware 2014, pp. 181–192. ACM, New York (2014) Ghandeharizadeh, S., Yap, J., Nguyen, H.: Strong consistency in cache augmented SQL systems. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Middleware Conference, Middleware 2014, pp. 181–192. ACM, New York (2014)
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghemawat, S., Gobioff, H., Leung, S.-T.: The Google file system. In: Proceedings of the Nineteenth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 2003, pp. 29–43. ACM, New York (2003) Ghemawat, S., Gobioff, H., Leung, S.-T.: The Google file system. In: Proceedings of the Nineteenth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 2003, pp. 29–43. ACM, New York (2003)
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Gilbert, S., Lynch, N.: Brewer’s conjecture and the feasibility of consistent, available, partition-tolerant web services. SIGACT News 33(2), 51–59 (2002)CrossRef Gilbert, S., Lynch, N.: Brewer’s conjecture and the feasibility of consistent, available, partition-tolerant web services. SIGACT News 33(2), 51–59 (2002)CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Gray, C., Cheriton, D.: Leases: an efficient fault-tolerant mechanism for distributed file cache consistency. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 1989, pp. 202–210. ACM, New York (1989) Gray, C., Cheriton, D.: Leases: an efficient fault-tolerant mechanism for distributed file cache consistency. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 1989, pp. 202–210. ACM, New York (1989)
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Hunt, P., Konar, M., Junqueira, F.P., Reed, B.: ZooKeeper: wait-free coordination for internet-scale systems. In: Proceedings of the 2010 USENIX Conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference, USENIXATC 2010, p. 11. USENIX Association, Berkeley (2010) Hunt, P., Konar, M., Junqueira, F.P., Reed, B.: ZooKeeper: wait-free coordination for internet-scale systems. In: Proceedings of the 2010 USENIX Conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference, USENIXATC 2010, p. 11. USENIX Association, Berkeley (2010)
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Hwang, J., Wood, T.: Adaptive performance-aware distributed memory caching. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Autonomic Computing, ICAC 2013, pp. 33–43. USENIX, San Jose (2013) Hwang, J., Wood, T.: Adaptive performance-aware distributed memory caching. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Autonomic Computing, ICAC 2013, pp. 33–43. USENIX, San Jose (2013)
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Lamport, L.: The part-time parliament. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 16(2), 133–169 (1998)CrossRef Lamport, L.: The part-time parliament. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 16(2), 133–169 (1998)CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Litwin, W.: Readings in database systems. Chapter Linear Hashing: A New Tool for File and Table Addressing, pp. 570–581. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco (1988) Litwin, W.: Readings in database systems. Chapter Linear Hashing: A New Tool for File and Table Addressing, pp. 570–581. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco (1988)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu, H., et al.: Existential consistency: measuring and understanding consistency at Facebook. In: Proceedings of the 25th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 2015, pp. 295–310. ACM, New York (2015) Lu, H., et al.: Existential consistency: measuring and understanding consistency at Facebook. In: Proceedings of the 25th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles, SOSP 2015, pp. 295–310. ACM, New York (2015)
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Nishtala, R., et al.: Scaling Memcache at Facebook. Presented as part of the 10th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation, NSDI 2013, pp. 385–398. USENIX, Lombard (2013) Nishtala, R., et al.: Scaling Memcache at Facebook. Presented as part of the 10th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation, NSDI 2013, pp. 385–398. USENIX, Lombard (2013)
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Skeen, D., Stonebraker, M.: A formal model of crash recfovery in a distributed system. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 9(3), 219–228 (1983)CrossRef Skeen, D., Stonebraker, M.: A formal model of crash recfovery in a distributed system. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 9(3), 219–228 (1983)CrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Taft, R., et al.: E-store: fine-grained elastic partitioning for distributed transaction processing systems. Proc. VLDB Endow. 8(3), 245–256 (2014)CrossRef Taft, R., et al.: E-store: fine-grained elastic partitioning for distributed transaction processing systems. Proc. VLDB Endow. 8(3), 245–256 (2014)CrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat van Renesse, R., Schneider, F.B.: Chain replication for supporting high throughput and availability. In: OSDI (2004) van Renesse, R., Schneider, F.B.: Chain replication for supporting high throughput and availability. In: OSDI (2004)
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Waldspurger, C., Saemundsson, T., Ahmad, I., Park, N.: Cache modeling and optimization using miniature simulations. In: 2017 USENIX Annual Technical Conference, USENIX ATC 2017, pp. 487–498. USENIX Association, Santa Clara (2017) Waldspurger, C., Saemundsson, T., Ahmad, I., Park, N.: Cache modeling and optimization using miniature simulations. In: 2017 USENIX Annual Technical Conference, USENIX ATC 2017, pp. 487–498. USENIX Association, Santa Clara (2017)
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhu, T., Gandhi, A., Harchol-Balter, M., Kozuch, M.A.: Saving cash by using less cache. In: 4th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Cloud Computing, HotCloud 2012. USENIX, Boston (2012) Zhu, T., Gandhi, A., Harchol-Balter, M., Kozuch, M.A.: Saving cash by using less cache. In: 4th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Cloud Computing, HotCloud 2012. USENIX, Boston (2012)
Metadaten
Titel
Rejig: A Scalable Online Algorithm for Cache Server Configuration Changes
verfasst von
Shahram Ghandeharizadeh
Marwan Almaymoni
Haoyu Huang
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60531-8_5