nach oben

Erschienen in:

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

5. SARS and H5N1

verfasst von : Annamarie Bindenagel Šehović

Erschienen in: Coordinating Global Health Policy Responses

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Chapter 5 looks at bird flu (H5N1) pandemics and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). This chapter shifts the focus from the relationship between individual health rights and state requirements, notably immunization, and responsibilities, particularly in providing security against health threats, to international requirements and responsibilities for health. Through the lens of the SARS and the H5N1, it traces the newest evolution of the International Health Regulations (IHRs). It analyses the positions and compromises of states, notably with regard to their sovereignty, in reaching the final compromise: to share responsibility in safeguarding global health. It takes to task the regulations’ lack of ‘teeth’: the fact that despite international treaty status, the IHRs operate on a voluntary basis without an enforcement mechanism.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Introducing Ebola (EVD): An Unnecessary Surprise

Nächstes Kapitel Mers-CoV and Zika Virus

See, WHO definition of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), available at: http://www.who.int/csr/sars/en/.

See USCDC, “Highly Pathogenic Asian Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in People,” available at: http://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/h5n1-people.htm.

See Robert-Koch-Institut, “Influenza (Teil 2): Erkrankungen durch zoonotische Influenzaviren,” available at: http://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/EpidBull/Merkblaetter/Ratgeber_Influenza_zoonotisch.html.

USCDC, “About Coronavirus,” available at: http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/about/index.html.

WHO FAQs: H5N1 influenza, available at: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/avian_influenza/h5n1_research/faqs/en/.

See WHO, “H5N1 Avian Influenza: Timeline of Major Events” (25 January 2012), available at: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/H5N1_avian_influenza_update.pdf.

Robert-Koch-Institut, “Influenza (Teil 2): Erkrankungen durch zoonotische Influenzaviren.”

Image “h5n1-airport-spread,” available at: http://www.modernsurvivalblog.com.

See WHO, “Overview of the Emergence and Characteristics of the Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus,” (31 May 2013), available at: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/WHO_H7N9_review_31May13.pdf.

Ibid.

See USCDC, “Highly Pathogenic Asian Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in People.”

See Peiris, J.S., M.D. de Jong MD, and Y. Guan. (2007). “Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1): A Threat to Human Health,” Clinical Microbiology Reviews April Vol. 20, Issue 2, 243–267. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-52006-3_4.

Sims, L.D. et al. (2005). “Origin and Evolution of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza in Asia,” Veterinary Record, Vol. 157, Issue 6, 159-164; see also USCDC, “Highly Pathogenic Asian Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in People.”

See USCDC, “Highly Pathogenic Asian Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in People.”

See http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s16357e/s16357e.pdf.

See WHA54.14 Agenda item 13.3, “Global Health Security: Epidemic Alert and Response,” (May 21, 2001) available at: http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s16356e/s16356e.pdf.

See WHO EB111.R6 Agenda item 5.8, “Prevention and Control of Influenza Pandemics and Annual Epidemics,” (January 23, 2003) available at: http://apps.who.int/gb/archive/pdf_files/EB111/eeb111r6.pdf.

WHO EB111.R13 Agenda item 5.12, “Revision of the International Health Regulations,” (January 24, 2003) available at: http://apps.who.int/gb/archive/pdf_files/EB111/eeb111r13.pdf.

Sims et al. (2005). “Origin and Evolution of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza in Asia.”

Ibid.

See RKI Influenza (Teil 2): Erkrankungen durch zoonotische Influenzaviren.

See EUR-Lex Access to European Union law, “Avian Influenza,” available at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=URISERV%3Al12025.

See EUR-Lex Access to European Union law, “Avian Influenza.”

Ibid.

Starick, E. et al. (2008). “Phylogenetic Analyses of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Isolates from Germany in 2006 and 2007 Suggest at least Three Separate Introductions of H5N1 virus,” Veterinary Microbiology (Apr 30), Vol. 128, Issue 3-4, 243-52.

See European Commission, “Control Measures,” available at: http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/.

See European Commission, “Avian Influenza,” available at: http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/docs/hpai-outbreaks_15_2015-16.png.

The WHO timeline on H5N1 has data through 2012; no newer data are currently available.

Robert-Koch-Institut FAQs to Influenza, as of 11 February, 2016, see http://www.rki.de/SharedDocs/FAQ/Influenza/FAQ_Liste.html#FAQId7617716.

Robert-Koch-Institut Epidemiologisches Bulletin March and April 2016, available at https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/EpidBull/Archiv/2016/Ausgaben/10_11_16.pdf?__blob=publicationFile; and https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/EpidBull/Archiv/2016/Ausgaben/16_16.pdf?__blob=publicationFile, respectively.

See WHO, “SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome),” available at: http://www.who.int/ith/diseases/sars/en/.

See WHO, “Emergencies Preparedness, Response; Preliminary Clinical Description of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome,” available at: http://www.who.int/csr/sars/clinical/en/.

Ibid.

Davies, Sara E., Adam Kamradt-Scott and Simon Rushton. (2015). Disease Diplomacy. International Norms and Global Health Security. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, p. 47.

Ibid.

See WHO, “SARS Outbreaks Contained Worldwide,” (July 5, 2003), available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2003/pr56/en/.

See WHO, “Emergencies preparedness, response; Preliminary Clinical Description of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.”

See WHO A54/9, Provisional agenda item 13.3, “Global Health Security – Epidemic Alert and Response,” Report by the Secretariat (April 2, 2001), available at: http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s16357e/s16357e.pdf.

Ibid.

See WHO EB111.R6, Agenda item 5.8, “Prevention and Control of Influenza Pandemics and Annual Epidemics” (January 23, 2003).

See WHO EB111.R13 Agenda item 5.12, “Revision of the International Health Regulations” (January 24, 2003).

See also Davies et al. (2015). Disease Diplomacy, p. 49.

See WHA 56.29, Agenda item 14.16, “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome” (May 28, 2003), available at: http://www.who.int/csr/sars/en/ea56r29.pdf?ua=1.

See WHO, “SARS Outbreak Contained Worldwide” (July 5, 2003).

See USCDC “Remembering SARS: A Deadly Puzzle and the Efforts to Solve It,” available at: http://www.cdc.gov/about/history/sars/feature.htm.

McKenna, Maryn. (2016). “The Looming Threat of Avian Flu,” New York Times, April 13.

See first reference to PCR, Chapter 3.

See Biochemische Grundlagen, Chapter 3.

Immunofluorescence assay.

See WHO, “Avian Influenza Fact Sheet,” available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/avian_influenza/en/.

See WHO Emergencies preparedness, response, Alert & Response Operations, available at: http://www.who.int/csr/alertresponse/en/.

See Harvard University Library, International Sanitary Conferences, available at: http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/contagion/sanitaryconferences.html.

See also Davies et al. (2015). Disease Diplomacy, p. 51.

Shah, Sonia (2016). Pandemic. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

See European Commission, “Avian Influenza,” available at: http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/eu_resp_surveillance_en.htm.

Ibid.

See Robert-Koch-Institut, “Influenza (Teil 2): Erkrankungen durch zoonotische Influenzaviren.”

Original: Gesundheitsamt übermittelt gemäß § 11 Abs. 1 IfSG an die zuständige Landesbehörde nur Erkrankungs- oder Todesfälle und Erregernachweise, die der “Falldefinition gemäß § 4 Abs. 2 Nr. 2 Buchst. a IfSG” entsprechen. Für die zoonotische Influenza veröffentlicht das RKI spezifische Falldefinitionen (Stand November 2015: A(H5N1) und A(H7N9)).

Hameiri, Shahar. (2014). “Avian Influenza, ‘Viral Sovereignty,’ and the Politics of Health Security in Indonesia,” The Pacific Review, Vol. 27, Issue 3, 333, 356.

McKenna, Maryn (2016). “The Looming Threat of Avian Flu.”

Ibid.

See USDA, “Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Response Plan, The Red Book: FAD PReP Foreign Animal Disease Preparedness & Response Plan” (25 August 2015), available at https://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/emergency_management/downloads/hpai_response_plan.pdf.

Ibid., p. iv.

See additional USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, FAD PreP Disease Response Documents.

McKenna, Maryn. (2016). “The Looming Threat of Avian Flu.”

Ibid.

See WHO, “Emergency Preparedness, response, Use of Laboratory Methods for SARS Diagnosis,” available at: http://www.who.int/csr/sars/labmethods/en/.

Robert-Koch-Institut, Epidemiological Bulletin March 2016, available at: https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Infekt/EpidBull/Archiv/2016/Ausgaben/10_11_16.pdf?__blob=publicationFile.

Titel: SARS and H5N1
verfasst von: Annamarie Bindenagel Šehović
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Coordinating Global Health Policy Responses
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-52005-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-52006-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52006-3_5

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Springer Professional "Technik"