Scale Law Study of the Combustion Toxicity of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene

The toxic gases released during polymer combustion are the primary lethal factors in fires. This paper focuses on investigating the scale law of polymer combustion toxicity using acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) as a sample. The concentration of toxic gases released from small-scale combustion of ABS materials was measured under different ventilation conditions using a steady-state tube furnace. Additionally, numerical simulations were conducted using FDS software. The simulation results demonstrated a good agreement with experimental data, confirming the validity of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. Building on this foundation, the Froude number was maintained constant, and multi-scale CFD models were established. The results revealed that as the experimental scale increased, the concentration of CO around the fuel also increased. Moreover, when the ventilation conditions transitioned from good to poor, the growth rate of CO concentration increased proportionally with the growing experimental scale. These two parameters exhibited a linear function relationship.