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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. Sediment Grain Size Analysis and Mining Intensity: Estimation by GRADISTAT, G-STAT and LDF Techniques

verfasst von : Raj Kumar Bhattacharya, Nilanjana Das Chatterjee

Erschienen in: River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Analysis of sediment grain size distribution (SGD) plays crucial role to determine the effect of human interventions, particularly instream sand mining (ISM), on sediment transport behaviour. Hence, this chapter has attempt how stream energy and SGD are greatly influenced by ISM through the interruption of available shear stress and critical shear stress in different course of Kangsabati River during pre-monsoon and monsoon season. G-STAT, Grad-Stat, and linear discrimination function (LDF) are used to determine the mean, shorting, peakness and skewness of SGD. DuBoys equation and Shields formula are applied to assess the shear stress and critical shear stress in threshold range between erosion and deposition in mining and sandbar sites. Statistical result demonstrated that upper course belongs to coarser grain, well sorting, negative asymmetrical distribution and leptokurtic to very leptokurtic nature, whereas lower course belongs finer to medium grain, well sorting, and positive asymmetrical distribution with platykurtic to mesokurtic nature. In addition, middle course belongs intermediate status in SGD. Based on shear stress and critical shear stress value, low stream energy in lower course leads to huge finer sedimentation during monsoon period, while high stream energy in upper course able to continue release of coarser sediment. Moreover, sedimentation occurs along the channel bed in middle course due to gradual decline the stream energy than critical transported required energy during post monsoon. Despite course wise distribution of shear stress and critical shear stress, mining intensity leads to more interruption in erosion-deposition sequence throughout the course.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Fluvial Sediment Budget and Mining Impact Assessment: Use of RUSLE, SDR and Hydraulic Models

Nächstes Kapitel Mining Response on Alluvial Channel Flow and Sediment Transport: Application of Hydro-Morphological Techniques and Principal Component Analysis (PCA)

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Sediment provenance revealed the study of characteristics of a sediment source area with the analysis of composition and textural attributes of sediment.

Suspended sediment means moving of detachment particles in a flowing fluid by suspension transport mode.

Sheltering means sediments are accumulated along the channel bed when critical shear stress is much greater than shear stress during sediment transport.

Imbrications is primary depositional fabric consisted mainly clastic oriented rock with the following of consistent overlapping manner.

Armouring is generated if bed surface of gravel dominated river bed is coarsened relative to the sub surface. This is measured as a ratio between d50 particle size surface and d50 particle size surface area.

Sediment entrainment is a threshold condition or critical condition when surface sediments are incorporated into fluid flow to intend the opening of erosion process.

Granulometric properties are used for sediment trend analysis with the considering of mean grain size, sorting, skewness and kurtosis in a sedimentary environment.

Rolling is a longitudinal bedload sediment transport mode along the channel bed.

Bottom suspension and rolling sediment transport mode denotes the sediments are transported through rolling traction with suspended mode in the water flow near channel bed.

Graded suspension no rolling indicates a stage when movable sediments are reached to grade without rolling.

Uniform suspension is another suspension mode where homogeneous particles are uniformly suspended in the water flow.

pelagic suspension means fine-grained sediments are transported by suspension transport mode.

Scouring is initiated either channel bed or bank margin if channel flow has more capability of sediment transport but sediments in flow is very small.

Grain fabric of sediment play significant role to control the rock porosity, permeability and ability to hold or transmit the water content.

Adhesion forces mean water attraction force to other substances, which is determined the surface moisture capacity.

Organic mats means several organic substances created a cover as like mat, which interlocked cover signified the bed shear stress.

Surface tension is cohesive force generating from attraction amongst the several molecules in the water.

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Titel: Sediment Grain Size Analysis and Mining Intensity: Estimation by GRADISTAT, G-STAT and LDF Techniques
verfasst von: Raj Kumar Bhattacharya
Nilanjana Das Chatterjee
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: River Sand Mining Modelling and Sustainable Practice
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-72295-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-72296-8

Copyright-Jahr: 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72296-8_4

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