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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Selected Socio-economic Aspects of Post-communist Health-Care Transition

verfasst von : Przemyslaw Marcin Sowa

Erschienen in: Governance of Hospitals in Central and Eastern Europe

Verlag: Springer Singapore

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Abstract

This chapter establishes the meaning of the post-communist transformation by presenting key socio-economic changes that took place since 1989 and characterising health care systems emerging from transition. The study recognises that the period has been a time of great social, demographic and economic change for the former Soviet bloc societies, which has not been without consequence for the health systems and their reforms.

Firstly, highlighted in this chapter are developments in the institutional environment, macroeconomic growth and downturns, trends in economic inequalities, population ageing, education and burden of disease. These processes, which are fundamental for any form of economic activity, determine the resources available for the financing and provision of health care; moreover, they influence health needs and outcomes. Secondly, the chapter provides an overview of common and distinguishing characteristics of 22 countries of the region: Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. Recognising the within-region heterogeneity leads to an identification of peer groups, contextualises the discussion and enables an assessment of reform efforts relative to the respective challenges, capacities and resources. Thirdly, the chapter summarises developments in the health care systems presented in the literature of the subject. This encompasses such key defining elements of health care systems as the mechanisms for revenue collection and allocation, the new prerogatives for the public and private sectors, the consistency and quality aspects of reform as well as the major deficiencies and challenges. The discussion later focuses on the problems specific for the hospital sector, thus setting the ground for the analyses presented in subsequent chapters.

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Titel: Selected Socio-economic Aspects of Post-communist Health-Care Transition
verfasst von: Przemyslaw Marcin Sowa
Verlag: Springer Singapore
Buch: Governance of Hospitals in Central and Eastern Europe
Print ISBN: 978-981-287-765-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-287-766-6

Copyright-Jahr: 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-766-6_2