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2025 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. Sensing Elements

verfasst von : Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh, Saghi Forouhi, Tayebeh Azadmousavi

Erschienen in: Advanced CMOS Biochips

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

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Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the sensing mechanisms and transducers utilized in various types of CMOS biosensors, which are critical for detecting and measuring biological signals and chemical reactions. It offers a comprehensive exploration of various sensing mechanisms central to CMOS microelectrode systems and related technologies, including voltammetric, impedimetric, capacitive, optical, magnetic, and temperature sensors. The chapter details the electrode-electrolyte system, CMOS microelectrode structures, and fabrication, and explores microelectrode arrays (MEAs) for neural applications. It also examines Biological/Chemical Field-Effect Transistors (Bio/ChemFETs), their physics, operational regions, and fabrication, followed by a discussion on optical and magnetic sensing mechanisms. Additionally, it covers Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) principles and various temperature sensing methods, providing a deep understanding of their roles in different sensing environments.

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Vorheriges Kapitel CMOS Sensors’ Design Strategies
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Metadaten
Titel
Sensing Elements
verfasst von
Ebrahim Ghafar-Zadeh
Saghi Forouhi
Tayebeh Azadmousavi
Copyright-Jahr
2025
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Buch
Advanced CMOS Biochips

Print ISBN: 978-94-007-0098-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-94-007-0099-4

Copyright-Jahr: 2025

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0099-4_3