10. Smart Farming: An Overview

Increasing population and abrupt weather fluctuations around the world has put huge pressure on agricultural food products for quality and sustainable food production. Revolution and advancement in food growing agricultural practices become advanced with the passage of time. In this modern age, improved technology-based agricultural practices are replacing the existing old-fashioned farming practices. These novel technologies are quite efficient but still require the consistent attention of researchers and scientists for better application and output of this technology. Smart farming involves the integration of information and communication technology for better utilization of resources from sowing, irrigation, fertilizer, pesticide, and herbicide application, and finally harvesting. But this system involves autonomous vehicles, robots operated through GPS and connected through smart applications. The precise application of this technology along with Internet of Things (IoT) supposed to be the helpful technology for farmers to uplift their living standards, with high production and profit and also can be a good indicator for food security. Nowadays, there are still limitations for the adaptation and conversion of smart farms due to high cost, non-availability of internet, and lack of application knowledge in the farming community. In autonomous vehicle and drones, there are also some major gaps regarding their application (positioning), efficiency, and workload. So, this area of research needs more explorations.