Nanoparticles Reinforcement for the Improved Strength and High-Temperature Wear Resistance of Mn-Cr Steel

Nanotechnologies offer tremendous potential when it comes to modifying the microstructure of steel through the incorporation of nanoparticles. While typical production methods for metal-matrix composites are difficult and expensive, conventional casting routes suffer from inhomogeneity and agglomeration of the added nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and possibilities of introducing nanosized particles into a steel matrix through a conventional casting process and to determine the effect of different nanoparticles and methods of incorporation on the strength, toughness, and high-temperature wear resistance of martensitic steel. The results show that also in the case of a conventional casting process, it is possible to obtain a homogeneous distribution of nanoparticles in the metal matrix, resulting in improved strength, maintained toughness, and up to five times better high-temperature wear resistance of the Mn-Cr steel. However, the rate of improvement greatly depends on the method and type of nanoparticles incorporation. The most promising results were observed for the combination of carbon nanotubes, oxide nanoparticles, and dispersant, sealed in a steel tube, with the dispersant providing the uniform distribution, the carbon nanotubes delivering the good toughness and the adhesive wear properties, and the oxide nanoparticles ensuring oxidation and abrasive wear resistance.