Skip to main content
Fachgebiete
Automobil + Motoren Bauwesen + Immobilien Business IT + Informatik Elektrotechnik + Elektronik Energie + Nachhaltigkeit Finance + Banking Management + Führung Marketing + Vertrieb Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe Versicherung + Risiko
DE
EN
Bücher
Zeitschriften
Themenseiten
Organisationspsychologie Projektmanagement Marketing Smart Manufacturing
Weitere Formate
Podcasts Webinare Technik Webinare Wirtschaft Kongresse Veranstaltungskalender Awards
Jetzt Einzelzugang starten
Zugang für Unternehmen
Referenzkunden
SLX-Digitalkonferenz: Zukunftswerkstatt 2024

Mehr Umsatz mit Top-Kontakten

Am 7. Mai erfahren Sie, wie Vertriebsteams Leadgenerierung, Leadnurturing und Leadstrategien effizient steuern können.
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Erschienen in:
Preliminary Investigations, Condition Assessment, and Mapping of the Deterioration Patterns Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2022 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. Stone Consolidation. Between Science and Practice

verfasst von : José Delgado Rodrigues

Erschienen in: Conserving Stone Heritage

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This chapter deals with basic considerations about stone consolidation and aims to advance thoughts and clues to help professionals bridge the gap between science and practice. Scientific literature and personal experience serve to support and interpret the complex and intricate difficulties raised by practical consolidation needs. The reasons for these difficulties stem from the often-complex patterns of deterioration, the high potential risks of obtaining a very high or very low consolidation action, the uncertainty of medium- and long-term behaviour, and the lack of adequate guidelines for selecting a product and configuring a treatment consolidation solution for the intended objective. The purpose of this chapter is to help professionals to adapt existing knowledge on stone consolidation issues to each specific case and help them to make decisions, keeping in mind that there is no universally applicable product or treatment and that universal recipes should be clearly discarded. It is assumed here that the user works with products available on the market and, therefore, this chapter is not sufficiently detailed and is not intended to serve as a guide for testing or certifying new products or treatment techniques to be introduced to the market.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren
Vorheriges Kapitel Laser Cleaning on Stonework: Principles, Case Studies, and Future Prospects
Nächstes Kapitel Current and Future Trends in Protective Treatments for Stone Heritage
Fußnoten
1
Paraloid B72 is a methyl acrylate ethyl methacrylate, from Rohm & Haas.
 
2
DRI-FILM is a water repellent, methyl trimethoxysilane, from General Electric.
 
3
Originally a mixture of acetone:1,1,1 trichloroethane (1:1). Another common formula is a mixture of toluene:xylene:acetone (0.7,0.1:0.2).
 
Literatur
1.
Praticò Y, Caruso F, Delgado Rodrigues J, Girardet F, Sassoni E, Scherer GW, et al. Stone consolidation: a critical discussion of theoretical insights and field practice. RILEM Tech Lett. 2020;4:145-153.CrossRef
2.
Clifton JR. Stone Consolidating Materials: A Status Report. Washington D.C.; 1980.CrossRef
3.
4.
5.
Amoroso GG, Fassina V. Stone Decay and Conservation: Atmospheric Pollution, Cleaning, Consolidation, and Protection [Internet]. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1983. xix, 453 p. ill. 25 cm. (Materials Science Monographs 11; vol. 11). Available from: http://​www.​csa.​com/​partners/​viewrecord.​php?​requester=​gs&​collection=​ENV&​recid=​437337%5Cnhttp://www.bcin.ca/Interface/openbcin.cgi?submit=submit&Chinkey=1326%5Cnhttp://www.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs&collection=ENV&recid=437337%5Cnhttp:
6.
Lazzarini L, Laurenzi Tabasso M. Il restauro della pietra. Padova: CEDAM; 1986. xiv, 320 p., [4] p. of plates ill. (some col.) 25.
7.
Price CA. The evaluation of stone preservatives. In: Conservation of Historic Buildings and Monuments. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press; 1982. p. 329–40.
8.
Delgado Rodrigues J, Grossi A. Indicators and ratings for the compatibility assessment of conservation interventions. J Cult Herit. 2007;8:32–43.CrossRef
9.
Siegesmund S, Snethlage R. Stone in architecture: Properties, durability. Stone in Architecture: Properties, Durability. 2011. 1–552 p.
10.
Horie C V. Materials for Conservation: Organic Consolidants, Adhesives and Coatings. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann; 2010. 504 p.
11.
12.
13.
Lewin SZ. Recent experience with chemical techniques of stone preservation. In: The Treatment of Stone - Proceedings of the Meeting of the Joint Committee for the Conservation of Stone. Bologna, Italy; 1971. p. 139–44.
14.
Lewin SZ, Wheeler G. Alkoxysilane chemistry and stone conservation. In: Félix G, editor. Vth Int Cong on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Lausanne, Switzerland: Presses Polytechniques Romandes, Lausanne; 1985. p. 831–44.
15.
Wendler E. New materials and approaches for the conservation of stone. In: Saving our architectural heritage Dahlem Workshop held in Berlin 1996. Berlin, Germany: John Wiley & Sons; 1997. p. 181–96.
16.
Yang M, Scherer GW, Wheeler G, Housley RA. Compatible Consolidants. In: Compatible Materials for the Protection of European Cultural Heritage- PACT 56. 1998. p. 201–8.
17.
Mosquera MJ, Desiree´ M de los S, Montes A, Valdez-Castro L. New Nanomaterials for Consolidating Stone. Langmuir. 2008;(24):2772–8.
18.
Charola AE, Wheeler G, Freund GG. The influence of relative humidity in the polymerization of methyl trimethoxy silane. In: IIC Congress Adhesives and Consolidants. Paris, France; 1984. p. 177–81.
19.
Wheeler G, Fleming SA, Ebersole S. Comparative strengthening effect of several consolidants on Wallace sandstone and Indiana limestone. In: Delgado Rodrigues J, Henriques F, Jeremias FT, editors. 7th Int Cong on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Lisbon, Portugal: National Laboratory of Civil Engineering; 1992. p. 1033–41.
20.
Danehey C, Wheeler G, Su S-CH. The influence of quartz and calcite on the polymerization of methyltrimethoxysilane. In: Delgado Rodrigues J, Henriques FMA, Jeremias FT, editors. 7th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Lisbon, Portugal: National Laboratory of Civil Engineering; 1992.
21.
Goins ES. Alkoxysilane stone consolidants: The effect of the stone substrate on the polymerization process. University College London; 1995.
22.
Goins ES, Wheeler G, Griffiths D, Price CA. The effect of sandstone, limestone, marble and sodium chloride on the polymerization of MTMOS solutions. In: 8th Int Cong on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Berlin, Germany; 1996.
23.
Hempel K, Moncrieff A. Summary of work on marble conservation at the Victoria and Albert Museum Conservation Department up to August 1971. In: Rossi-Manaresi R, Torraca G, editors. The Treatment of Stone. Bologna, Italy: Centro per la Conservazione delle Sculture all’Aperto; 1972. p. 165–81.
24.
Larson J. A museum approach to the techniques of stone conservation. In: Gauri KL, Gwinn JA, editors. Fourth international congress on the deterioration and preservation of stone objects. Louisville (Ky.): University of Louisville; 1982. p. 219–37.
25.
De Witte E, Charola AE, Sherryl RP. Preliminary tests on commercial stone consolidants. In: Félix G, editor. Vth international congress on deterioration and conservation of stone. Lausanne: Presses polytechniques romandes; 1985. p. 709–18.
26.
Tabasso ML, Santamaria U. Consolidant and protective effects of different products on Lecce limestone. In: Félix G, editor. Vth International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Lausanne,Switzerland; 1985. p. 697–707.
27.
Boos M, Grobe J, Hilbert G, Muller-Rochholz J. Modified elastic silicic-acid ester applied on natural stone and tests of their efficiency. In: 8th Cong on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Berlin, Germany; 1988. p. 1179–85.
28.
Steinhäußer U, Wendler E. Conservation of limestone by surfactants and modified ethylsilicate. In: 10th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Stockholm; 2004.
29.
Weiss NR, Slavid I, Wheeler G. Development and assessment of a conversion treatment for calcareous stone. In: 9th Int Cong On Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Venice, Italy; 2000. p. 533–40.
30.
Sena da Fonseca B, Ferreira Pinto AP, Piçarra S, Montemor MF. The potential action of single functionalization treatments and combined treatments for the consolidation of carbonate stones. Constr Build Mater. 2018;163.
31.
Angela Calia, Maurizio Masieri, Giovanni Baldi CM. The Evaluation of Nanosilica Performance for Consolidation Treatment of an Highly Porous Calcarenite. In: 12 th International Congress on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. 2012.
32.
Zornoza-Indart A, Lopez-Arce P. Silica nanoparticles (SiO2): Influence of relative humidity in stone consolidation. J Cult Herit. 2016;18:258–270.CrossRef
33.
VV.AA. Advanced materials for the conservation of stone. Hosseini M, Karapanagiotis I, editors. Advanced Materials for the Conservation of Stone. 2018.
34.
Maravelaki N, Verganelaki A, Kilikoglou V, Karatasios I. Synthesis and characterization of a calcium oxalate-silica nanocomposite for stone conservation. In: Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 8: Preservation of Cultural Heritage. 2015.
35.
Maravelaki P, Verganelaki A. A hybrid consolidant of nano-hydroxyapatite and silica inspired from patinas for stone conservation. In: Advanced Materials for the Conservation of Stone. 2018.CrossRef
36.
Gauri KL. Efficiency of epoxy resins as stone preservatives. Stud Conserv. 1974;19:100-101.CrossRef
37.
38.
Cavalletti R, Lazzarini L, Marchesini L, Marinelli G. A new type of epoxy resin for the structural consolidation of badly decayed stones. In: Felix G, editor. Vth International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Lausanne: Presses polytechniques romandes; 1985. p. 769–78.
39.
Lazzarini L. The deterioration and treatment of granitic columns. In: Stone material in monuments: diagnosis and conservation CUM School, Second Course. Crete, Greece; 1993. p. 160–8.
40.
Domaslowski W, Kesy-Lewandowska M. La consolidation en structure des gres a l’aide de resines thermoplastiques. In: Félix G, editor. Vth Int Cong on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Lausanne: Presses Polytechniques Romandes, Lausanne; 1985. p. 727–38.
41.
Vassallo JC, Lewin SZ. Investigation of polymer impregnation of stone. I. In situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate. In: Rossi-Manaresi R (Eds. ., editor. The Conservation of Stone II. Bologna, Italy: Centro per la Conservazione delle Sculture all’Aperto; 1981. p. 587–603.
42.
Lewin SZ, Papadimitriou AD. Investigation of polymer impregnation of stone. II. Solvent-transport of pre-polymerized methyl methacrylate. In: Rossi-Manaresi R, editor. The Conservation of Stone II. Bologna, Italy: Centro per la Conservazione delle Sculture all’Aperto; 1981. p. 605–23.
43.
Accardo G, Cassano R, Rossi-Doria P, Sammuri P, Laurenzi Tabasso M. Screening od products and methods for the consolidation of marble. In: Rossi-Manaresi R, editor. The Conservation of Stone II. Bologna, Italy: Centro per la Conservazione delle Sculture all’Aperto; 1981. p. 721–35.
44.
Rossi-Manaresi R. Effectiveness of conservation treatments for the sandstone of monuments in Bologna. In: Rossi-Manaresi R, editor. The Conservation of Stone II. Bologna: Centro per la Conservazione delle Sculture all’Aperto; 1981. p. 665–88.
45.
Rossi Manaresi R. Scientific and technical research. In: Centro per la Conservazione delle sculture all’Aperto, editor. Jacopo della Quercia e la facciata di San Petronio, a Bologna. Bologna, Italy: Edizioni Alfa, Bologna; 1981. p. 225–78.
46.
Hempel K, Hempel G. A technical report on the condition of the Porta della Carta and its restoration. In: Romano S, Clarke A, Rylands P, editors. The Restoration of the Porta della Carta, Venice in Peril Fund. Venice, Italy: Armenian Printing Press; 1980. p. 37–73.
47.
Ashurst J. The cleaning and treatment of limestone by the lime method. In: Ashurst J ohn, Dimes F, editors. The Conservation of Building and Decorative Stone, Volume 2. London: Butterworth-Heinemann,; 1990. p. 169–176.
48.
Brajer I, Kalsbeek N. Limewater absorption and calcite crystal formation on a limewater-impregnated secco wall painting. Stud Conserv. 1999;44:145–56.
49.
Giorgi R, Dei L, Baglioni P. A new method for consolidating wall paintings based on dispersions of lime in alcohol. Stud Conserv. 2000;45:154–61.
50.
Ambrosi M, Dei L, Giorgi R, Neto C, Baglioni P. Colloidal particles of Ca(OH)2: Properties and applications to restoration of frescoes. Langmuir. 2001;17:4251–5.CrossRef
51.
Chelazzi D, Poggi G, Jaidar Y, Toccafondi N, Giorgi R, Baglioni P. Hydroxide nanoparticles for cultural heritage: Consolidation and protection of wall paintings and carbonate materials. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2013;42–9.
52.
Otero J, Charola AE, Grissom CA, Starinieri V. An Overview of Nanolime As a Consolidation Method. Ge-Conservacion. 2017;
53.
Borsoi G. Nanostructured lime-based materials for the conservation of calcareous substrates. A+BE Architecture and the Built Environment. Delft University of Technology; 2017.
54.
Ferroni E, Dini D. Chemical-structural conservation of sulphatized marbles. In: Rossi-Manaresi R, editor. The Conservation of Stone II. Bologna, Italy: Centro per la conservazione delle sculture all’aperto; 1981. p. 559–66.
55.
56.
Lewin SZ, Baer NS. Rationale of the barium hydroxide-urea treatment ofdecayed stone. Stud Conserv. 1974;19(1):24–35.
57.
58.
Matteini M, Rescic S, Fratini F, Botticelli G. Ammonium phosphates as consolidating agents for carbonatic stone materials used in architecture and cultural heritage: Preliminary research. Int J Archit Herit. 2011;5(6):717–36.CrossRef
59.
Sassoni E, Naidu S, Scherer GW. The use of hydroxyapatite as a new inorganic consolidant for damaged carbonate stones. J Cult Herit. 2011;
60.
Adolphe J., Loubière JF, Paradas J, Soleilhavoup F. Procédé de traitement biologique d’une surface artificielle. European patent 90400G97.0 1990, European patent 90400G97.0 1990; 1990.
61.
Le Métayer-Levrel G, Castanier S, Orial G, Loubière JF, Perthuisot JP. Applications of bacterial carbonatogenesis to the protection and regeneration of limestones in buildings and historic patrimony. Sediment Geol. 1999;
62.
Rodriguez-Navarro C, Rodriguez-Gallego M, Chekroun K Ben, Gonzalez-Muñoz MT. Conservation of ornamental stone by Myxococcus xanthus-induced carbonate biomineralization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003;
63.
Rodriguez-Navarro C, Jimenez-Lopez C, Rodriguez Navarro A, Gonzalez-Muñoz MT, Rodriguez Gallego M. Bacterially mediated mineralization of vaterite. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 2007;71(5):1197–213.CrossRef
64.
Jimenez-Lopez C, Rodriguez-Navarro C, Piñar G, Carrillo Rosúa FJ, Rodriguez Gallego M, Gonzalez-Muñoz MT. Consolidation of degraded ornamental porous limestone stone by calcium carbonate precipitation induced by the microbiota inhabiting the stone. Chemosphere. 2007;68(10):1929–36.CrossRef
65.
Jroundi F, Bedmar EJ, Rodriguez-Navarro C, Gonzalez-Muñoz MT. Consolidation of ornamental stone by microbial carbonatogenesis. Glob Stone Congr 2010. 2010;1–5.
66.
Delgado Rodrigues J, Ferreira Pinto AP. Stone consolidation by biomineralisation. Contribution for a new conceptual and practical approach to consolidate soft decayed limestones. J Cult Herit. 2019;39:82–92.CrossRef
67.
Ferreira Pinto AP, Delgado Rodrigues J. Stone consolidation: The role of treatment procedures. J Cult Herit. 2008;9(1):38–53.CrossRef
68.
Franzoni E, Sassoni E, Graziani G. Brushing, poultice or immersion? The role of the application technique on the performance of a novel hydroxyapatite-based consolidating treatment for limestone. J Cult Herit. 2015;16(2).
69.
Murru A, Fort R. Diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) as a consolidant in carbonate stones: Impact of application methods on effectiveness. J Cult Herit. 2020;
70.
Franzoni E, Graziani G, Sassoni E, Bacilieri G, Griffa M, Lura P. Solvent-based ethyl silicate for stone consolidation: influence of the application technique on penetration depth, efficacy and pore occlusion. Mater Struct. 2014;
71.
Cavaletti R, Marchesini L, Strazzabosco G. Tecnologie di consolidamento e di restauro figurativo di sculture in pietra tenera dei colli Berici. In: Badan B, editor. 3rd Int Cong on the Deterioration and Preservation of Stones. Venice, Italy: Università degli Studi di Padova; 1979. p. 453–60.
72.
Wihr R. The preservation of damaged stones by the so-called acrylic-total-impregnation process. In: B. Badan, editor. 3rd Int Cong on the Deterioration and Preservation of Stones. Venice, Italy: Università degli Studi di Padova; 1979. p. 389–94.
73.
Hempel K. An Improved Method for the Vacuum Impregnation of Stone. Stud Conserv. 1976;21:40–3.
74.
Milchin M. Ethyl-silicate consolidation for porous limestone coated with oil paint. A comparison of application methods. In: 13th Int Cong on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone,. Glasgow; 2016. p. Vol. 2.
75.
Heaton N. Preservation of stone. J R Soc Arts. 1921;70(3606):124–39.
76.
Delgado Rodrigues J, Costa D. Occurrence and behavior of interfaces in consolidated stones. In: STREMA 95. 1995. p. 71–8.
77.
Delgado Rodrigues J, Costa D. Assessment of the efficacy of consolidants in granites. In: Vicente MA, Delgado Rodrigues J, Acevedo J, editors. EC Workshop Degradation and Conservation of Granitic Rocks in Monuments. Santiago de Compostela, Spain: DG XII, Science, Research and Development, Res. Rep. 5; 1996. p. 63–9.
78.
Tiano P, Delgado Rodrigues J, De Witte E, Vergès-Belmin V, Massey S, Snethlage R, et al. The conservation of monuments: A new method to evaluate consolidating treatments. Int Jour Restor Build Monum. 2000;6(2):133–50.
79.
Drdácký M, Slížková Z. In situ peeling tests for assessing the cohesion and consolidation characteristics of historic plaster and render surfaces. Stud Conserv. 2015;
80.
Mamillan M. Méthodes d’évaluation des dégradations des monuments en pierre. In: Ciabach J, editor. VIth International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Torun, Poland: Nicholas Copernicus University. Press Department; 1988. p. 456–65.
81.
Lombardo T, Simon S. Desalination by Poulticing: Laboratory Study on Controlling Parameters. In: Kwiatkowski D, Löfvendahl R, editors. 10th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Stockholm; 2004. p. 323–30.
82.
Doehne E, Schiro M, Roby T, Chiari G, Lambousy G, Knight H, et al. Evaluation of poultice desalination process at Madame Johns’ Legacy, New Orleans. In: Lukaszewicz JW, Niemcewicz P, editors. 11th International Congress on Deterioration and Conservation of Stone. Torun, Poland: Nicolaus Copernicus University Press; 2008. p. 857–64.
83.
Pel L, Sawdy A, Voronina V. Physical principles and efficiency of salt extraction by poulticing. J Cult Herit. 2010;11(1):59–67.CrossRef
84.
Lubelli B, van Hees R. Desalination of masonry structures: Fine tuning of pore size distribution of poultices to substrate properties. J Cult Herit. 2010;11(1):10–8.CrossRef
85.
86.
Pinna D. Coping with Biological Growth on Stone Heritage Objects. Oakville, Canada: Apple Academic Press; 2017. xviii+359.
87.
Delgado Rodrigues J, Ferreira Pinto AP, Costa D. Tracing of decay profiles and evaluation of stone treatments by means of microdrilling techniques. J Cult Herit. 2002;3(2):117–25.CrossRef
88.
89.
90.
Ramírez Gallardo A. Supervivencia de una obra hidráulica. El Acueducto de Segovia. Colección. Colegio de Ingenieros de caminos, Canales y Puertos;
91.
Jurado Gimenez F. Acueducto de Segovia. Documentos para una restauración. Restauración Rehabil. 1994;1(Sept-Oct):17–31.
92.
Jurado Gimenez F. El Acueducto romano de Segovia. Rev Obras Publicas. 2001;57:14–23.
93.
Nonfarmale O. A method of consolidation and restoration for decayed sandstones. In: Int Symp on The Conservation of Stone, Bologna. Bologna, Italy; 1975. p. 119–25.
94.
Nonfarmale O. Methods of conservation. In: Centro per la Conservazione delle Sculture all’Aperto, editor. Jacopo della Quercia e la facciata di San Petronio, a Bologna. Bologna, Italy: Edizioni Alfa Bologna; 1981. p. 279–306.
95.
Rossi-Manaresi R, Charola AE, Tucci A, Koestler R, Wheeler G. Study of accelerated weathering of limestones treated with an acrylic-silicone mixture. In: ICOM Committee for Conservation 7th triennial meeting. Copenhagen; 1984. p. 84.10.1–84.10.4.
96.
Rossi-Manaresi R, Alessandrini G, Fuzzi S, Peruzzi R. Assessment of the effectiveness of some preservatives for marble and limestones. In: 3rd International Congress Deterioration and Preservation of Stones. Venice, Italy; 1979. p. 357–76.
97.
Rossi-Manaresi R, Tucci A. SEM examination of a biocalcarenite treated with acrylic polymers, silane or silicone resins. In: Félix G, editor. Vth international congress on deterioration and conservation of stone. Lausanne,Switzerland: Presses Polytechniques Romandes, Lausanne; 1985. p. 871–80.
98.
Charola AE, Tucci A, Koestler RJ. On the reversibility of treatments with acrylic/silicone resin mixtures. J Am Inst Conserv. 1986;25(2):83–92.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Stone Consolidation. Between Science and Practice
verfasst von
José Delgado Rodrigues
Copyright-Jahr
2022
Buch
Conserving Stone Heritage

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-82941-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-82942-1

Copyright-Jahr: 2022

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82942-1_4

Premium Partner

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen. 

    Zur Marktübersicht
    Bildnachweise