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2015 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

5. Stressbedingte Krankheiten und deren körperliche Symptome

verfasst von : Prof.Dr. Roland von Känel

Erschienen in: Executive Health - Gesundheit als Führungsaufgabe

Verlag: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

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Zusammenfassung

Zu den am besten untersuchten arbeitsbezogenen Stressoren mit Einflüssen auf die körperliche Gesundheit gehören hohe Anforderungen, wenig Handlungsspielraum und Belohnung, ungenügende soziale Unterstützung, persönliches Überengagement und eine als ungerecht empfundene Organisation. In körperlicher Hinsicht erhöht Arbeitsstress vor allem das Risiko für Herz-Kreislauf-Krankheiten wie Herzinfarkt und Hirnschlag sowie für ungünstiges Gesundheitsverhalten und das Burnout-Syndrom, welche ihrerseits wiederum das Risiko für körperliche Krankheiten erhöhen. Arbeitsstress führt regelmäßig zu funktionellen psychosomatischen Beschwerden, wie Schmerzen an verschiedenen Körperstellen, Verdauungsbeschwerden und Schlafproblemen und dadurch bedingte Fehlzeiten. Vereinzelt scheint Arbeitsstress auch das Krebsrisiko und die allgemeine Sterblichkeit zu erhöhen. Die umfangreichen Erkenntnisse aus der Stressforschung lassen verstehen, wie chronischer Arbeitsstress „unter die Haut“ gehen kann. Im Gegensatz zu den überlebensnotwendigen biologischen Anpassungen bei kurzzeitigem Stress (Kampf-Flucht-Reaktion), können die mit chronischer Stressbelastung einhergehenden anhaltenden biologischen Veränderungen körperliche Funktionen beeinträchtigen und Gewebe schädigen. Durch geeignete Interventionen auf der individuellen und Organisationsebene kann Stress am Arbeitsplatz potenziell erfolgreich angegangen und die körperliche Gesundheit günstig beeinflusst werden.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Die Grundbedürfnisse des Menschen und deren Einfluss auf seine Gesundheit
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Metadaten
Titel
Stressbedingte Krankheiten und deren körperliche Symptome
verfasst von
Prof.Dr. Roland von Känel
Copyright-Jahr
2015
Buch
Executive Health - Gesundheit als Führungsaufgabe

Print ISBN: 978-3-658-06071-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-658-06072-5

Copyright-Jahr: 2015

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-06072-5_5