Study of disorders in regulatory spatiotemporal neurodynamics of calcium and nitric oxide

Experimental studies have reported the dependence of nitric oxide (NO) on the regulation of neuronal calcium ([Ca²⁺]) dynamics in neurons. But, there is no model available to estimate the disorders caused by various parameters in their regulatory dynamics leading to various neuronal disorders. A mathematical model to analyze the impacts due to alterations in various parameters like buffer, ryanodine receptor, serca pump, source influx, etc. leading to regulation and dysregulation of the spatiotemporal calcium and NO dynamics in neuron cells is constructed using a system of reaction–diffusion equations. The numerical simulation is performed with the finite element approach. The disturbances in the different constitutive processes of [Ca²⁺] and nitric oxide including source influx, buffer mechanism, ryanodine receptor, serca pump, IP₃ receptor, etc. can be responsible for the dysregulation in the [Ca²⁺] and NO dynamics in neurons. Also, the results reveal novel information about the magnitude and intensity of disorders in response to a range of alterations in various parameters of this neuronal dynamics, which can cause dysregulation leading to neuronal diseases like Parkinson’s, cerebral ischemia, trauma, etc.