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2022 | Buch

Introduction to Mining Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Surface Mining Technology

verfasst von: Dr. Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, Dr. Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah

Verlag: Springer Singapore

Buchreihe : Topics in Mining, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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SUCHEN

Über dieses Buch

This book gives a brief history and a general overview of the state of surface mining technology with topics ranging from the principles to surface mining methods, systems, and pit planning design. It starts with the definition of surface mine and ends with land reclamation and mine closure. The following chapters address the basics of mineral economics, calculation of stripping ratio; exploitation of difficult parts of ore deposits, slope stability, controlling falls and slides in the surface mines, sorts of freight traffic, scrapers, bulldozers, and loaders. The book serves as a reference text for mining students, engineers, and geologists.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction to Mining
Abstract
Many metals occur in their native state or in readily accessible ores. Thus, the extraction and working of metals dates much further back in time than does the mining industry. Some of the earliest known mines were those developed by the Greeks in the sixth century B.C. As were mines for many centuries thereafter, the workers in these mines were slaves and prisoners of war. By the time, the Roman Empire reached its peak; it had established mines throughout the European continent, in the British Isles, and in parts of North Africa.
Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah
Chapter 2. Principles of Surface Mining of Mineral Deposits
Abstract
A classification of mineral deposits is illustrated in Fig. 2.1.This indicates the influence of the shape of a deposit on the design work. In general, stratified deposits are in softer, younger sedimentary rocks and non-stratified are in harder, older, igneous rocks
Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah
Chapter 3. Slope Stability
Abstract
Slopes in soils and rocks—in nature or man-made structures—are: Highways, dams, levees, Canals, and stockpiles. They are constructed by sloping the lateral faces of the soil. Slopes are generally less expensive than Constructing walls. Natural forces (wind. water. snow. etc.) change the topography on Earth and other planets, often creating unstable slopes, see Abramson et al. [1] and Alfreds [2].
Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah
Chapter 4. Prevention of Slides in Surface Mines
Abstract
One of the most serious safety problems in opencast mining is how to maintain stability of the walls and faces of the pits and waste banks. Correct solution of this problem will ensure complete safety in the working conditions of the pit, and economical efficiency of the mining operations. The seriousness of this problem can be proved by several exam-pies. For instance, in November 1930 in the copper mining pit in. Bingham Canyon, Utah, an enormous mass of barren overburden slid down into the pit from the upper levels, filling it to almost half its depth and along a considerable length. The volume of the overburden in this slide amounted to some 10 million cubic meters. From the data available in the literature, the initial slope angle of the pit walls ranged from 56 to 35°; but as the depth of the pit increased, it became necessary to reduce the angle to as little as 26–22°. Formerly the height of the faces, their slope angle, and the width of the working benches were selected solely on economic grounds so as to attain efficient production levels at each given elevation. The mistake in determining the slope angles of the faces and the general slope of the pit walls did not then influence the conditions in the pits; this occurred later when the depth of the pit exceeded a certain limit.
Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah
Chapter 5. Surface Mine Development
Abstract
The order of development of opencast mining work cannot be established arbitrarily. It depends, first of all, on the kind of deposit to be mined, surface relief, shape of the deposit, position of the deposit relative to the prevailing surface level, angle of dip, capacity, structure, quality distribution of minerals, and kind of overburden rock. The next logical consequence is the choice of the method of opencast mining: surface, deep, on-slope, on-slope-deep or underwater.
Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah
Chapter 6. Surface Mining Equipments
Abstract
The nature and characteristics of rock and rock derivatives forming the crust of the earth vary so greatly from place to place that it is impossible to use the same numerical factors to show the productive ability of excavating equipment on different jobs or projects. Factors for each project must be developed individually and applied as the conditions and requirements dictate.
Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah
Chapter 7. Rock Extraction with Scrapers, Bulldozers and Loaders
Abstract
Wheeled scrapers are used to extract rock, shift it and dispose of the mined mass at a waste dump or load it into transport facilities; in the latter case special hoppers are required.
Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah
Chapter 8. Surface Mining Methods and Systems
Abstract
Surface mining deposits can be primarily divided as follows:
  • Relatively horizontally stratified deposits with thick or thin overburden.
  • Stratified and vein deposits dipping at angles; greater than the angle of repose of the spoil so that overburden cannot be deposited within the pit.
  • Massive deposits, e.g. pipes, stockwork, etc., of considerable depth and lateral extent where the provision of spoil space within the mine is not possible. For further reading: Bohnet [9] and Hartman [19, 20].
Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi, Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier, Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin, Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Surface Mining Technology
verfasst von
Dr. Mostafa Mohamed Ali Elbeblawi
Hassan Ali Abdelhak Elsaghier
Mostafa Tantawy Mohamed Amin
Dr. Wael Rashad Elrawy Abdellah
Copyright-Jahr
2022
Verlag
Springer Singapore
Electronic ISBN
978-981-16-3568-7
Print ISBN
978-981-16-3567-0
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3568-7