scroll identifier for mobile
main-content

## Über dieses Buch

The Three-Volume-Set CCIS 323, 324, 325 (AsiaSim 2012) together with the Two-Volume-Set CCIS 326, 327 (ICSC 2012) constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Asia Simulation Conference, AsiaSim 2012, and the International Conference on System Simulation, ICSC 2012, held in Shanghai, China, in October 2012. The 267 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 906 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on modeling theory and technology; modeling and simulation technology on synthesized environment and virtual reality environment; pervasive computing and simulation technology; embedded computing and simulation technology; verification, validation and accreditation technology; networked modeling and simulation technology; modeling and simulation technology of continuous system, discrete system, hybrid system, and intelligent system; high performance computing and simulation technology; cloud simulation technology; modeling and simulation technology of complex system and open, complex, huge system; simulation based acquisition and virtual prototyping engineering technology; simulator; simulation language and intelligent simulation system; parallel and distributed software; CAD, CAE, CAM, CIMS, VP, VM, and VR; visualization; computing and simulation applications in science and engineering; computing and simulation applications in management, society and economics; computing and simulation applications in life and biomedical engineering; computing and simulation applications in energy and environment; computing and simulation applications in education; computing and simulation applications in military field; computing and simulation applications in medical field.

## Inhaltsverzeichnis

### Theoretical Study and 3D CFD Simulation of Temperature Distribution through HTST for Orange Juice

Heat sterilization has a long history. However, due to lacking of precise research, the sterilization relies mainly on experience, which leads to uncompleted sterilization or energy wastage. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a tool to study the flow and heat transfer properties of different kinds of fluid. With the development of computer science and the improvement of CFD itself, CFD has been widely used in the industrial engineering. In this work, the CFD is used to study variation of the central temperature of an orange juice model under the HTST sterilization. Compared with the experiment results, the current simulation method is optimized and the error is reduced.

Yi Tang, Jing Xie, Jinfeng Wang, Zheng Zhang, Chaoheng Gu

### Fuzzy Control Strategy for Train Lateral Semi-active Suspension Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

Fuzzy control strategy based on PSO was proposed for the complex train lateral suspension model. In this thesis, A17-DOF train lateral semi-active suspension system was modeled by simulink software, and at the same time, fuzzy controller and control rules were designed. Then, the root mean square value (RMS) of train lateral acceleration was used as object function, and membership functions of fuzzy controller’s output variable were designed by PSO. The result of the simulation reveals that compared with the traditional fuzzy controller, the values of train lateral acceleration RMS of the front and rear bogies by using the optimized fuzzy controller reduce by 5.05% and 7.75%, respectively. In comparison with the passive suspension, the values reduce by 13.56% and 15.51%, respectively, which is more significant.

Guangjun Li, Weidong Jin, Cunjun Chen

### Design and Implementation of a Mathematical Simulation Platform

Simulation platform plays an important role in modeling and simulation. Some simulation platforms have already been successfully applied in related fields. In this paper, we propose a structure of a mathematical simulation platform, which is designed for the design and analysis of control systems. Functional modules of the platform, including the design methods and implementation details, are thoroughly illustrated,. This simulation platform has advantages in 1) Simulation resources deployment. 2) Batch simulation with different model parameters. 3) Simulation results post-processing. 4) Simulation model version management. 5) Distributed deployment and nodes monitoring. 6) Generation of report document. Within these functions, the simulation platform may reduce costs and enhance efficiency in developing a simulation application. Finally, an implementation of this structure is provided and an example of an application of this simulation platform is demonstrated as well.

Jianxiang Wang, Guanghong Gong, Yaofei Ma, Haihong Wang, Dezhi Dong

### An Investigation on the Flow Field of a Vortex Cup

This work presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculation to investigate the flow field of a vortex cup. The vortex cup utilizes air swirling flow to achieve handling a work piece without any contact. The numerical calculation was performed using the standard

k

-

ε

model and Reynolds stress model (RSM), and the pressure distribution calculated numerically was compared with the experimental results. It is found that RSM can better reproduce the characteristics of experimental results than the standard

k

-

ε

model. Based on the calculation results of RSM, the flow field, spatial pressure and velocity distributions inside the vortex cup were clarified. Furthermore, a visualization experiment was conducted by using ink in water with an enlarged cup, in which the flow was observed and confirmed.

Xin Li, Shoichiro Iio, Toshiharu Kagawa

### Numerical Simulation and Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Unstable Heat Conduction Systems

This paper presents a numerical solution to one-dimensional unstable heat conduction systems with three different boundary conditions, e.g., a thin rod with heat conduction only in the length direction. A finite difference method combined with a physically feasible and high-precision boundary realization approach is employed to calculate the temperature values along the rod under Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions, respectively. Using the temperature at a desired position, a simple and excellent robustness controller——linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) could give an effective actuation on one boundary to get the temperature on the desired position under close-loop control. Finally, the robustness of the proposed controller with respect to external noises and parameter perturbations is also tested.

Dong Zhao, Donghai Li, Yanzhen Chang, Youqing Wang

### Output Power Analysis and Simulations of Resonant Tunneling Diode Based Oscillators

Negative differential resistance (NDR) devices such as Esaki tunnel diodes (TD), Gunn diodes and resonant tunneling diodes (RTD) are excellent in the realization of high frequency oscillators. However, for tunnel diodes and RTDs, which have large negative differential conductance, the output power tends to be low due to the DC instability, parasitic oscillations and the small area devices employed. In this paper, the maximum device areas for different NDR oscillator topologies, such as waveguide topology and planar topology, were calculated. The result shows that NDR devices for planar oscillators can be much larger (ranging from 3 to 1600 times) than those could be used in waveguide oscillators. A derivation of the maximum RF output power of a parallel RTD oscillator circuit is given and the simulations show that ~1 mW output power could be achieved at 800 GHz for a single diode oscillator.

Liquan Wang

### An Approach for Vehicle State Estimation Using Extended Kalman Filter

In order to meet the high cost requirement of some vehicle states measured directly in vehicle active safety control system, an approach using the Extended Kalman Filter to estimate lateral and longitudinal velocity is proposed. Firstly, a vehicle dynamic model with 3 DOF, including longitudinal, lateral and yaw motions is built with MATLAB/SIMULINK. Secondly, the vehicle state estimation algorithm by the extended Kalman state observer based on the nonlinear vehicle model is achieved and the states of longitudinal, lateral acceleration and yaw rate for the vehicle are estimated online. Finally, the estimated results are compared with the results obtained from CarSim using the same parameter to verify the practicality of the proposed method.

Liang Tong

### Equilibrium Simulation of Power Market with Wind Power Based on CVaR Approach

High wind power penetration in power systems will significantly increase risks faced by the conventional generators in the deregulated electricity markets. This will further affect these generators’ risk preferences and strategic behaviors. Based on conditional value at risk (CVaR), an equilibrium model of electricity market with wind power is developed taking into account the conventional generators’ risk preferences. The model is performed by Monte Carlo simulation and nonlinear complementary method. The impacts of wind power volatility and generators’ risk preferences on generators’ strategy behaviors and equilibrium results are analyzed and the efficient frontier of generators’ expected profit – CVaR is provided. The simulation results show that, the equilibrium market price will increase with the increase of wind power uncertainty; the increase of conventional generators’ risk aversion will also lead to an increase in the expected market price; if generators collude with others, they will be more conservative.

Jing Li, Xian Wang, Shaohua Zhang

### High-Accuracy Magnetic Rotary Encoder

A high accuracy magnetic rotary encoder for the speed sampling is designed, including both the hardware structure and the magnetic field analysis. For improving the magnetic field distribution of a magnetic encoder and lower the harmonic of output signals, the hardware structure with the magnetic collector is proposed. Aiming at decreasing the output deviation of the magnetic encoder, the signal correction algorithm based on the least squares estimation is put forward. In order to achieve an accurate measurement of a rotor velocity and a position, the signal decoding algorithm based on the closed-loop position tracking system is designed. The simulation and experiment results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method.

Shuang Wang, Jie Jin, Tiecai Li, Guoying Liu

### An Adaptive Slope Compensation Circuit and Its Application

To solve the over-compensation problem in the current mode PWM switch power, a new adaptive slope compensation circuit is proposed in this paper. In the circuit, the difference between the output and input voltage is positively correlated with the duty cycle of switch signal, which is used to generate the control signal varying with the duty ratio. The control signal is used to control the gate voltage of MOS operating in linear region, which changes the linear drain-source resistance. With clamping circuit, a proportional ramp voltage with controllable slope is produced and amplified for compensation system by two stage amplifier. This compensation voltage is almost ideal, which can reduce the negative effect of over-compensation farthest. This circuit is applied to an LED driver IC and simulated in Cadence with CSMC 0.5um BiCMOS library. The results show that the boost driver circuit using adaptive compensation has about 28% dynamic response time reducing compared with the settled slope compensation. Therefore, the proposed compensation circuit can improve system’s dynamic responsibility effectively.

Guanghua Chen, Fengjiao Wang, Changqian Wu, Long Qin, Shiwei Ma, Weimin Zeng

### The Structure Optimization of Spherical Plain Bearings Based on Taguchi Method

The self-lubricating spherical plain bearings is one type of sliding bearings, and it is widely used in the modern industry area. The structural optimization and design about it is complicated. The taguchi method based on orthogonal experiment is a steady design method in engineering, and it is used for structural size determination of self-lubricating spherical plain bearings in selected range for parameters matching. Many optimum proposals are formed, and the optimization goals are the maximum value of contact pressure and the maximum Mises stress difference value of the inner ring and the outer ring. Then, the error component is used to simulate the fluctuation of optimization goals. Two sets of signal-to-noise values are worked out. The final prioritization scheme is determined by computing the multiple SN values, and a new idea is provided to solve the similar problems.

Xuejin Shen, Yunfei Liu, Yufeng Huang, Deguo Li

### Research on Weight Functions of Electromagnetic Flowmeter in Open Channels

Starting with the basic principles of the weight function related with the electromagnetic flowmeter(EMF), the modeling and the theoretical analysis of the weight function in open channels are proposed, and three main respects which affect the weight function of the EMF in open channels, including the model of the electrodes, the flow liquid level and the shapes of cross sections, are emphasized employing the finite element simulation technology. The distribution characteristics and the statistical properties of the weight function are studied and the conclusions are given, which fill the blanks in the field of the basic research on the weight function in open channels.

Shiyi Yin, Bin Li

### Engineering Modeling and Simulation for New Estimation of Aircraft’s Dynamic Angles

The measurement of aircraft’s dynamic angles is difficult and inaccurate due to the precarious flight environment. This paper brings forward and amends a new estimation of aircraft’s angle of attack and sideslip angle based on the basic of INS/GPS data. Through engineering modeling of closed-loop flight simulation framework and estimation method, the result shows obvious rationality and veracity.

Zhao Wu, Lixin Wang

### Trajectory Tracking Controller of Small-Scale Helicopter Based on Backstepping

This paper presents a backstepping control design procedure for a small-scale helicopter. The objective is to control the small-scale helicopter to realize the autonomous tracking of the predefined trajectory which consists of the position and the yaw angle. The controller is derived based on Lyapunov stability theory. An approximate helicopter model is adopted and the flapping dynamic of the main rotor is considered. The main idea is to decouple the translational dynamics and the rotational dynamics through solving an equation when the desired yaw angle is predefined. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed controller is acceptable.

Shuai Tang, ZhiQiang Zheng, JianBin Ye, Qi Wang

### Study on General Effectiveness Evaluation Platform for Combat Aircraft

The analysis of combat simulation system effectiveness is achieved by synthesizing reasonable indicators that based on demands of evaluation. To meet increasing requirements for evaluation, this paper designs and develops an Effectiveness Evaluation Platform for Combat Simulation System (EEPCSS), which can serve different combat simulations. EEPCSS obtains its generality by many methods, such as constructing the specification of evaluation models, providing typical evaluation models with universal interfaces for various combat simulation systems, building the index systems automatically, analyzing of test data, recording and replaying of evaluation process, synthesizing of indexes, and generation of evaluation results. As an application instance, EEPCSS is conducted to evaluate the performance of aircrafts in combat simulation. The evaluation result proves that EEPCSS can work effectively in solving practical problems.

Chao Wang, Ni Li, Haipeng Kong, Huifeng Li

### Fuzzy Sliding Mode Variable Structure Controller for Hypersonic Cruise Vehicle

For airbreathing hypersonic vehicle, the hypersonic cruise conditions with strong nonlinearity, parameter uncertainties, the higher requirement of control accuracy characteristics, to establish a control oriented model, and by using Lyapunov method were designed with different time scale of double loop control system. In order to solve the chattering problem of sliding mode control, this paper integrates fuzzy control with the idea of sliding mode variable structure control, and had researched the fuzzy sliding mode variable structure controller design method. This method can not only guarantee the system stability, but also restrain chattering. In the MATLAB for the control system of simulation test, the feasibility of the method is demonstrated.

Chengbin Lian, Liubao Shi, Zhang Ren, Xingyue Shao

### Grid Current Control Strategy Based on Internal Model Control and Repetitive Control

In this paper, a new grid current control strategy based on internal model control and repetitive control is designed. The performance characteristic and operation principle are analyzed according to the basic principle of internal model control and the dynamic mathematical model of three-phase photovoltaic grid-connected inverters. Because the harmonic current caused by the dead-time effect and the periodic disturbance of the grid can not be eliminated by internal model control, a composite control strategy with internal model control and repetitive control is proposed in the paper. Internal model control can simplify the controller’s parameters and ensure the dynamic quality of the system. Repetitive control is able to restrain the dead-time effect and the periodic disturbance of the grid. It can also reduce the total harmonic distortion of the grid-connected current. The simulation results show that the proposed control strategy has good dynamic and steady-state performance and can restrain the periodic disturbance as well.

Jianming Huang, Li Fu, Fuqiang Xu, Chunhua Wu

### An Analytical Design Method for the Missile Two-Loop Acceleration Autopilot

According to the missile longitudinal dynamics expressed as the state space matrix form and the defined dynamics coefficient notations, the missile body transfer functions are deduced in detail. Using the thought of pole allocation, a detailed analytical methodology for designing the two-loop acceleration autopilot has been proposed. To get the exact gain crossover frequency of the autopilot, an unconstraint optimization problem is outlined. The design and simulation results show that the two-loop acceleration autopilot can stabilize the missiles with different static margins very well.

Hui Wang, Defu Lin, Jiaxin Wang, Tao Song

### Study on Holon Environment Model in Battle Deduction Simulation System

The battle deduction simulation system is usually designed as MAS (Multi-Agent System). Environment modeling is considered as the most important process in constructing a MAS. The MRM (Multi-Resolution Modeling) technique is used to build the simulation entity models. In order to construct environment model with multi-resolution in the battle deduction simulation system, a classification of battlefield environment is proposed and a battlefield environment modeling method based on the concept of Holon is put forward. This method uses the cooperation of Holon to make environment model form a dynamic hierarchical structure, which has the characteristics of multi-resolution. This environment model is able to offer environmental information with corresponding resolution for the multi-resolution entity model in the battle deduction simulation system.

Hong Han, Fengju Kang, Huizhen Yang, Shengjie Wang

### Improved Virtual Leader Based Formation Control for Nonholonomic Multi-UUV

In older to solve the potential singularity problem brought from the polar coordinate representation, and eliminate the offset caused by off-axis point in the feedback linearization formation control approach, a novel improved virtual leader based formation control for nonholonomic multi-UUV is proposed, the kinematics model of which is established using Cartesian coordinates. Then, the global-level formation control is transformed into the problem that the followers track their virtual leader. Next, a globally dynamic feedback tracking controller is designed based on the direct Lyapunov method. Finally, simulation results are given to demonstrate that the proposed model and controller are feasible.

Lili Hao, Hao Gu, Fengju Kang, Huizhen Yang, Xiaolong Yang

### An Image Processing Method for Grains Counting

In the process of quality analysis of grains, number counting is one of the key steps for agricultural production. After the introduction of the traditional counting methods, an approach based on computer version and image processing technique is proposed in this paper. The overall structure including hardware and software of system is introduced firstly. Then, the image processing methods are described in details, which are mainly composed of gray transformation, denoising, binary conversion, mathematical morphology analysis, et al.. Finally, an experiment is conducted to test the validity of the algorithm, and the result shows that this method is effective and can realize the automatic grain counting.

Wencheng Wang, L. Wang

### Design and Realization of Vision-Based Landing Simulation Verification System for UH Based on Vega Prime / MFC

In order to reduce the number of flight test of the visual landing navigation verification system, reduce the cost of research and shorten the development cycle, the visualization simulation system based on virtual reality technology is demanded. An vision-based landing simulation verification system for UH based on Vega Prime / MFC was put forward. Firstly, the overall framework of the system was designed and the interaction among modules was introduced. Then a detailed description of each module function was given, and explanation of the cooperation target detection and UH position and orientation parameters were further carried out. Finally, a MFC-based Vega Prime view of the driver to achieve visualization of vision-based landing simulation verification system was developed. The simulation results show that the system can effectively unfold the cooperation target detection and UH position and orientation solving process in an intuitive, continuous and real-time pattern, and realize the simulation-testing function. It provides a good simulation platform for practical engineering applications.

Zhijia Sui, Yongmei Cheng, Tao Wang, Ruonan Kong, Yazhou Yue

### Design and Experiment of Adaptive Active Vibration Control System for Aircraft Framework

Hypersonic aircraft with a high velocity and super maneuverability has become a hot spot in current research of near space aircraft. To suppress the aircraft’s vibration during its running process, an active vibration control system for aircraft framework is designed in this paper based on the adaptive filtering algorithm. To start with, an adaptive filtering algorithm – filter-x least mean square (FXLMS) algorithm is presented. Then the hardware configuration and software development are introduced in detail. Meanwhile, the piezoelectric smart structure is used for detecting and driving. The measurement and control system designed in this experiment has 8 input channels and 8 output channels which are able to process off-line identification, on-line identification and real-time control. By choosing reasonable parameters and distributing channels logically, an adaptive active vibration control is imposed. Finally, the experimental performance verifies the feasibility of FXLMS algorithm and the validity of the designed control system.

Wei Sun, Zhiyuan Gao, Di Tang, Xiaojin Zhu

### Model Reconstruction Using B-Spline Surfaces

Recently, some results of the G

1

continuity conditions for B-splines surfaces have been presented. These G

1

conditions can be used in the reconstruction of bicubic and biquintic smooth B-splines surfaces with a single interior knots. However, the C

1

continuity conditions of B-spline surfaces with arbitrary degrees have not been solved. In this paper, we obtain the C

1

continuity conditions between two adjacent B-spline surfaces with arbitrary degrees. We also present a practical scheme of reconstructing model using the C

1

continuity conditions in reverse engineering.

Wei Li, Zhuoqi Wu, Shinoda Junichi, Ichiro Hagiwara

### Consideration of Origami Design Clothing

Several Applications of Origami have been tested in industrial areas, however, in design area, Origami design is found only in lamp shade and wrapping. In clothing Origami design hasn’t been practically applied before. In this paper, a conical Truss model is introduced as an application of skirt designs, and the simulation software from 2D to 3D is considered. Later the measurement of brain wave is conducted for observers who see the simulation screen, and by examining the correlation between each feature of clothing and brain wave

α

, we can detect the most healing design for clothing.

Eri Nakayama, Sachiko Ishida, Liao Yujing, Ichiro Hagiwara

### Comprehensive Optimization for Raised Floor Structure Using Origami Engineering

Multi-core panel is widely used in raised floor structure. However, it has the disadvantage of heavy weight. In this paper, the authors try to reduce the weight of the raised floor structure by replacing multi-core panel with truss core panel, which is a well-known lightweight structure using origami engineering. The intension and stiffness of truss core panel for raised floor model are investigated. The multi-core panel and the truss core panel are compared by running impact test and load test. Response Surface Method (RSM) is used to optimize the shape of truss core panel. The explicit FEM software LS-DYNA is used to solve impact-load analysis. The results show that 23.69% weight reduction is achieved for exiting multi-core panel of raised floor by using truss core panel.

Yang Yang, Zhizhen Xia, Xilu Zhao, Sunao Tokura, Ichirou Hagiwara

### 3D Origami Structure Design and Simulation by Parametric Origami Module

The purpose of this paper is to propose a Parametric Origami Module and relevant methods, which are able to expand the complex three-dimensional origami structure into a plane only by the topological relation matrix TP and node position coordinate matrix GP. Furthermore, an extended data structure for POM is proposed as well. In this study, we are not limited to the particular conditions for design origami structure such as Ori-tatami folding and axial symmetry. Plenty of three-dimensional origami structures are analyzed from the geometrical perspective and the common features among them are extracted. In the end, we compare the proposed method with others in further discussion and confirm its effectiveness.

Yujing Liao, Xilu Zhao, Sachiko Ishida, Ichiro Hagiwara

### A Number of Key Technologies in Ocean Wave Modeling and Simulation

Given the requirements for ocean wave three-dimensional visual simulation, and in combination with theory and engineering it expatiates, visualization key technologies such as ocean wave numerical simulation based on the modified linear dual superposition method, vertex array-based wave surface rendering method and light effect simulation into the details, and using DirectSound technology it achieves a sound simulation of the different sea conditions. The simulation results show that the ocean wave three-dimensional display is of high fidelity, good real-time and abundance sound, and thus is of great significance in ocean development and combat simulation.

Jianhua Xu, Hao Gu, Dinghua Wang, Fengju Kang, Huizhen Yang

### Simulation of Skip-Glide Trajectory for Hypersonic Vehicle in Near Space

The periodic skip-glide trajectory models for hypersonic vehicle in near space were brought out and simulated in this paper. Firstly, the basic concepts of hypersonic vehicle and different trajectory modes were introduced in detail. Then, the three degrees of freedom model of hypersonic vehicle was given. Lastly, the model was simulated and analyzed using MATLAB. The difference changing trend of periodic trajectory, velocity, effective range, trajectory obliquity and dynamic pressure are given. How the main factors such as trajectory obliquity, launch orientation affect the periodicity was also studied. The primary simulations show that the periodic trajectory of hypersonic vehicle helpful in studying new space vehicle.

Zhifu Shi, Daizhong Zhou, Shunhong Wang, Lefei Pan

### Current Trends and Issues of Origami Engineering

Japanese Origami craft is very beautiful, and the term “Origami” is translated into Origami in English. There have been many Origami creators appearing from Japan, however their craft work is not created on the basis of geometry but born from imagination they possess. As a result, only honeycomb is developed by British referring to star festival decoration of Japan. This situation is shameful for Japanese engineers. In this paper, many Origami crafts based on geometry are introduced. Taking these crafts into consideration, two facts are to be verified. One is that dire-core based on space filling geometry surpasses in some features than honeycomb, and the other is that judging from the fact plants grow up spirally, reverse spiral structure which has the same structure as them is superior as energy absorption member.

Ichiro Hagiwara

### Design and Simulation for the Single Leg of the Six Degrees of Freedom Vibration Isolator

With the development of space technologies, the optical payload requirement on the pointing accuracy becomes higher and higher. The active vibration isolation is an effective way to improve the pointing accuracy of the optical load, and the six freedoms Stewart Platform is widely adopted in the active vibration isolation for spacecrafts. The double-layer structure is adopted for the single leg of the Stewart Platform and the parameters of the passive part are optimized by the GA algorithm. For the active part, the L1 method is used for solving the problems in the vibration isolator because of the impact load. The simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the L1 method for solving the problem.

Yongliang Zhang, Baiwei Guo, Xiuyun Meng

### Analysis and Implementation for the Algorithm Based on Combinatorial Relaxation for Computing the Structure Index of DAE

As the society industrialized, mathematical modeling and simulation become increasingly important in the product design. At present, the multi-domain unified modeling with Modelica is a mainstream technology in the field of complex systems. Modeling of complex physical systems with Modelica often produces a high-index differential algebraic equation (DAE) system. It needs to be transformed to low-index DAE before solving it. The structure index reduction algorithm is one of the popular index reduction methods. But in some special circumstances, its solution may be incorrect. At present, combinatorial relaxation algorithm is a widely used method for solving the problem. Solving maximum weighted matching is one of important problems of the combinatorial relaxation algorithm. This paper describes the combinatorial relaxation algorithm and proposes three different implementations of Hungarian algorithm for the maximum weighted matching problem. The theory results are consistent with the experiment results,

Yan Zeng, Xuesong Wu, Jianwen Cao

### Design and Analysis of Missile Two-Loop Autopilot with Angle of Attack Feedback

In order to eliminate the static error of the classic two loop autopilot, the PI compensator is introduced into the control system. To enhance the robustness of two loop autopilot with PI compensator, an angle of attack feedback is introduced into the system. Using the method of pole-place, the controller parameters of different two loop autopilot topologies are deduced. The analytical results show that a well designed two-loop autopilot with PI compensator can introduce a zero in numerator which counteracts the first-order inertial loop in denominator. However, the two-loop autopilot with PI compensator and angle of attack feedback introduces the phase-lead compensation in the feedback-loop. The zero cannot cancel the first-order inertial loop in denominator, and it is dominated by the first-order inertial loop. This kind of autopilot topology has better robustness than others.

Jiang Wang, Zhe Yang, De-fu Lin

### Iterative Learning Control of Batch Processes Using Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm

Considering the potentials of iterative learning control as framework for industrial batch process control and optimization, an iterative learning control based on adaptive differential evolution algorithm is proposed in this paper. At first, quadratic criterion-iterative learning control with adaptive differential evolution algorithm is used to improve the performance of iterative learning control. In addition, the strategy of eliminating error using iterative algorithm is employed to drive the solution to the optimal point. As a result, the proposed method can avoid the problem of falling into local extreme points when solving the objective function with multiple local extreme points, which usually exists in traditional gradient-based iterative learning control. Lastly, example is used to illustrate the performance and applicability of the proposed method.

Guohua Zhang, Kai Yuan, Li Jia

### Modeling and Simulation on Information Spreading Based on Networks of Mobile phone

It is an advancing subject to research information communication by modeling and simulation and then to research the correlation of information propagation oriented at war gaming such as public opinion and rumor etc, which possesses important theoretical and practical values. The paper summarizes the current research and appliction state of modeling and simulation in the field of information spreading, points out the existing difficult problems in our study, and introduces the methods and key technology of modeling and simulation.

Fang Zhang, Guangya Si, Pi Luo

### An Agent-Based Artificial Transportation System Framework for H1N1 Transmission Simulation

Transportation system has significant impacts on society for its tight connection with travelling behaviors. Constructing an artificial society to study complex social behaviors is a novel approach which has been widely recognised as a key issue in recent years. In this paper we propose an agent-based ATS framework for H1N1 transmission simulation after reviewing the existing approaches. Mathematic models of H1N1 transmission are established to support and simulate individual’s micro-decision-making mechanisms. After analyzing the diffusion mechanism of H1N1, an ATS framework which contains four modules is built up based on ACP theory. The four components including the initial agent module, environment agent module, individual agent module and interaction agent module are illustrated in detail. The design schemes of the framework are summed up based on system modeling theory followed by the computation flow based on SIR diffusion model. At last, further research directions of ATS are pointed out.

Zilong Cheng, Xiaogang Qiu, Peng Zhang, Rongqing Meng

### Publishing Three-Dimensional City Models on the Web

In this paper, we propose a method of Web publishing of three-dimensional city models generated from two-dimensional geographical data. In our approach, the city models are assumed to be historical ones. For an example, rows of houses of Kyoto of the Edo era are generated by determining the areas of the houses based on geographical data and by placing and three-dimensional house models correspondingly. We employed Google Earth as the viewer of the city models. The viewer is embedded into a web page which enables users to access the page to overview the city and look into buildings. Some important documents related to the buildings are also embedded. As an alternative use, we apply the method to generation of city models of tsunami-damaged area in Tohoku district, Japan. The model generation is based on the recovery plan and models are generated by taking changes of terrain in the area into account.

Kenta Sato, Hiroyuki Yamamura, Akihiro Tsukamoto, Yuzuru Isoda, Susumu Nakata, Satoshi Tanaka

### Modeling Social Opinion in Online Society

social networks Online provide a globally available, large-scale infrastructure for people to exchange information and ideas. A topic of great interest in internet research is how to model this information exchange and, in particular, how to model and analyze the effects of interpersonal influence on processes such as information diffusion, influence propagation, and opinion formation. Recent empirical studies indicate that, in order to accurately model communication in online social networks, it is important to consider not just relationships between individuals, but also the frequency with which these individuals interact. We study a model of opinion formation in social networks proposed by De Groot and Lehrer and show how this model can be extended to include interaction frequency. We prove that, for the purposes of analysis and design, the opinion formation process with probabilistic interactions can be accurately approximated by a deterministic system where edge weights are adjusted for the probability of interaction. We also present simulations that illustrate the effects of different interaction frequencies on the opinion dynamics using real-world social network graphs.

Mingzhi Zhang, Xiaofeng Hu

### Research on Risk Management Technology of Complex Products SBA Life-Cycle

SBA of complex products is a system engineering, which includes collaboration of personnel/organization, management and technology. All the activities involved in equipment system and the life-cycle require the support of comprehensive management. Research on management of SBA life-cycle is introduced in this paper. An evaluation indicator system is given with the analysis of SBA risk. Based on cost breakdown structure (CBS), a method of cost estimation is proposed. Moreover, a schedule prediction method using arrow diagramming method (ADM) and Monte-Carlo simulation is provided. Finally, with the application on SBA of one aircraft, the methods proposed in this paper are demonstrated.

Aiwen Wang, Xudong Chai, Hao Li, Huiyang Qu

### Development of System of Knowledge Base for Spherical Plain Bearing

Presently, applying the Knowledge Base System in manufacturing industry bcomes a tendency. The paper brings the concepts of Knowledge Base System to the industry of spherical plain bearing, and establishes the Knowledge Base System of Spherical Plain Bearing. This system contains four parts of knowledge, i.e., data knowledge, literature knowledge, check knowledge and simulation knowledge. There are four main modules, including the module of data search, module of search and read of literature, module of check calculation and module of finite element analysis. The composition of system structure and flow of system design process are also introduced in this paper. This system is developed on Browser/Server structure. The Knowledge Base System of Spherical Plain Bearing takes the Visual Studio for the man-machine interface, selects the SQL Server 2008 for the storage of knowledge data, and realizes the integration with finite element software of Abaqus to make the analysis of mechanical properties for spherical plain bearing which could provide the basis for its further optimization design. This system is valuable and significant, and will play an important role in the informational construction of spherical plain bearing.

Xuejin Shen, Deguo Li, Shuai Lv, Yunfei Liu

### Using Software Product Line Engineering for Magnitude Modeling and Simulation

Magnitude of space object is an important parameter to the analysis of photoelectricity detection. Multiple, similar software products instead of just a single individual product are needed to be developed in the exploration of such problem. The magnitude modeling problem is given and the Software Product Line Engineering (SPLE) method is introduced to solve the problem. A feature model for magnitude modeling is given, and a variable architecture based on Satellite Tool Kit (STK) is designed. With this approach, exploration analysis of magnitude to photoelectricity detection could be set out.

Bin Tan, Jun Zhao, Jian-guo Wang, Litie Tang

### Architecture of Hybrid Cloud for Manufacturing Enterprise

Cloud manufacturing (CMfg) provides a high-efficiency model to realize manufacturing resources sharing and on-demand using. Though private cloud service platform which has advantages of safety and efficiency is applicable for group enterprise, there is limit of network isolated. In order to increase profits and reduce costs simultaneously, some manufacturing enterprises will combine their private cloud service platforms with public cloud platform to release excess manufacturing resources and abilitiesand obtain more services. After analyzing the architecture of cloud manufacturing service platform, a hybrid cloud infrastructure applied for manufacturing enterprises is proposed, and some functional features of the hybrid cloud platform are described. Furthermore, a mechanism for private cloud combining with public cloud is presented. Finally, some challenges that enterprise might face while operating in hybrid cloud environment are discussed.

Jingeng Mai, Lin Zhang, Fei Tao, Lei Ren

### A Study of Fault Detection and Diagnosis for PLC Controlled Manufacturing System

Operational faults detect and diagnose to maintenance personals is a difficult thing. In PLC controlled flexible manufacturing systems, there is no inherent automatic fault finding module in controller itself, so additional diagnostic module needs to be develop. Developed fault finding and diagnostic modules depending on measured data from the inspection machines and sensor data. In this work, a fault detection and diagnostic module is described based on internal PLC program signal data which is acquired through OPC Server. The observed or real-time PLC signal data is compared with normal PLC signal data to find out possible faults or deviations. The data acquisition procedure and the techniques used have been explained in this paper.

Shiming Qin, Ginam Wang

### Walking Speed Recognition System for Transfemoral Amputee Based on Accelerometer and Gyroscopes

A sensor system for walking speed recognition is designed. The sensor system is composed of accelerometer MMA7361L and gyroscopes ENC-03, which used to obtain walking information of transfemoral amputee. The sensor system is installed in prosthetic socket. The input signal of intelligence lower limb prosthesis is provided by this system. The signal of sensor system is collected by Quanser semi-physical simulation platform. The signal is decomposed by wavelet transformation and the useful signal is reconstructed. Feature value of that signal is extracted. K-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) algorithm is used in pattern recognition. The results of experiment indicate that the sensor system has advantages of small size, sensitive response, quickly and effectively identify amputees walking speed and so on.

Yanli Geng, Yang Peng, Zuojun Liu, Xinran Wang

### Lumbar Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Study Based on the Biomechanical Properties

The objectives of this study were to investigate the stress distribution in the lumbar spine before and after the removal of nucleus pulposus, explore the effects of discectomy on the stress distribution and compare biomechanical experiments results with computer simulation results. Three-dimensional finite element model of lumbar L4-L5 was established, the normal and discectomy disc was simulated, the finite element analysis software Abaqus6.9 was used to study von mises stress on the vertebrae and intervertebral disc. Doing biomechanics experiments with sheep lumbar spine whose anatomy and morphology was similar with people, comparing the stress values of the measurement points with simulation results. After discectomy, the human lumbar annulus stress under flexion had an increase of 13.8%, and the sheep lumbar biomechanical experimental results were consistant with simulation results.

Jianping Wang, Juping Gu, Jian Zhao

### Multi-class Feature Extraction Based on Common Spatial Patterns of Multi-band Cross Filter in BCIs

The CSP (Common Spatial Patterns) has been proved to be an effective feature extraction method in Brain Computer Interfaces. It is widely used for two-class problem. In this paper, the CSP algorithm is expanded to realize the EEG feature extraction for three-class problem. Firstly, the 8 ~ 30 Hz frequency band is divided into eight cross frequency bands and original EEG signals are filtered according to the eight bands. Each filtered signal can be regarded as a new channel. Then the “one to one” strategy is applied to the CSP for three-class problem. Finally, the proposed method is used to analyze the data from BCI Competition IV and the experimental data from our laboratory. The obtained features are input to SVM (Support Vector Machine) for classification. Comparing the proposed method with simple CSP, the accuracy of the former is higher than the latter by 10%.

Banghua Yang, Meiyan He, Yanyan Liu, Zhijun Han

### Study on the Reproduction of Vocal Fluctuations Using Box-Muller Method for Artificial Synthesis

Human speech waveform has been synthesized in many ways. Today, text-to-speech synthesis has become the mainstreams in speech synthesis. However, this technology requires a large amount of data to make high-quality speech synthesis. For this reason, it is impossible to create a synthesized voice of many people. In this study, we aim to create a synthesized speech by focusing on the fluctuations of the vocal cords. By using Box-Muller method, we try to reproduce the fluctuations of the vocal cords. In the Box-Muller method, the average and variance values of the Gaussian function is used. In this paper, we extract the fundamental frequency and frequency variance value from the human voice. We expect that this result can help to reproduce the naturalness of the human voice.

Tomohisa Okawa, Takaaki Kondo, Shun Kadoi, Kyouhei Kamiyama, Hiroyuki Kamata

### Shepherding Behaviors with Single Shepherd in Crowd Management

Crowd management is to systematically plan and supervise the orderly movement and assembly of a crowd. Shepherding behaviors are a class of flocking behaviors in which one or more external agents (called shepherds ) try to control the motion of another group of agents (called a flock ), it has a leading application in influencing the behavior and activities of a potentially hostile crowd and bringing a mob engaged in a riot under control. In this paper, we focus on investigating shepherding behaviors with single shepherd in normal situation. In our approach, we use a global dynamic planning algorithm which is the multi-agent planning algorithm in dynamic environment to update the next region occasionally where the flock will be steered to. Also, in order to cope with unexpected events in emergency situation, we combine shepherding behaviors with behavior selection mechanisms which are implemented in rules. The simulation results show that our approach which is validated in an urban circumstance is effective and feasible.

Meng Li, Zhiwei Hu, Jiahong Liang, Shilei Li

### Finite Element Analysis of Asymptomatic TMJ Disc during Mouth Opening

In the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), overloading induced by big mouth opening appears to be important in the casade of events leading to temporomandibular disorders (TMD). In this study, the stress distribution of the disc was explored during big mouth opening. For this purpose, finiteelement models of the disc of different mouth opening degree were used. The disc was loaded with its real displacement for 18 different states of mouth opening. In the model, the posterior zone suffered higher tensile stress, and the stress level increased with the progress of the opening movement. The compressive stress level in the intermediate zone is much smaller, and kept unchanged through mouth opening. Lower tangential stresses were found in the healthy articular disc during mouth opening. This indicates that stress distribution in the articular disc changed with the progress of the opening movement. Excessive mouth opening can induce tissue damage.

Shuang Ren, Qihong Li, Qiguo Rong

### Simulation of Constant Resistance Knee Flexion Movement

In the lower limb training process, incorrect training methods can’t improve the diathesis of lower limb, moreover, it may make injury to the body of athletes. With the development of sports biomechanics knowledge and computer modeling simulation technology, in the sports training practice coaches make use of human motion simulation methods to carry kinematics and dynamics simulation of athletes lower limb training so that the quantitative training indicators can be got to specific athlete. In this paper a novel human-computer modeling and simulating software—The Anybody Modeling System is adopted. Coupling modeling of human lower limb and training instrument is built, and simulation of training is made. The force status of lower limb muscles are analyzed in the process of constant resistance knee flexion movement, and the results provide a basis to develop quantitative training.

Chengzhu Zhu, Jian Jin, Yunhao Sun, Anbing Zheng

### A Stochastic Lotka-Volterra System and Its Asymptotic Behavior

In this paper, we investigate a new Lotka-Volterra system

$$dx(t)=\textrm{diag}(x_1(t),...,x_n(t))[(b+Ax(t))dt+\sigma x(t)^{p}dw(t))] ,\nonumber$$

where

w

(

t

) is a standard Brownian motion, and

x

p

is defined as

$(x_{1}^{p},...,x_{n}^{p})^{T}$

. Population systems perturbed by the white noise have recently been studied by many authors in case of

p

= 0 and

p

= 1. The aim here is to find out what happens when

$p\ge\frac{1}{2}$

. This paper shows environmental Brownian noise suppresses explosions in this system. In addition, we examine the asymptotic behavior of the system.

Liangjian Hu, Juanjuan Zhao

### Mechanical Model of a Novel Executive Mechanism for Artificial Anal Sphincter System

The artificial anal sphincter is used to simulate the normal operation of the anal. It can solve the anal incontinence and relieve patients’ life and psychological pressure. The artificial anal sphincter system proposed in the paper is based on a novel executive mechanism. The novel executive mechanism uses a hinge structure to clamp the rectum. To ensure the mechanism’s reliability, a mechanical model between the novel executive mechanism and rectum is established to predict the deformation of the rectum when compressed in the radical direction. The results show that the deformation can be controlled by adjusting the spring force.

Enyu Jiang, Peng Zan, Suqin Zhang, Jinding Liu, Xiaojin Zhu, Xiaohua Wang

### Backmatter

Weitere Informationen

## BranchenIndex Online

Die B2B-Firmensuche für Industrie und Wirtschaft: Kostenfrei in Firmenprofilen nach Lieferanten, Herstellern, Dienstleistern und Händlern recherchieren.

## Whitepaper

- ANZEIGE -

### Best Practices für die Mitarbeiter-Partizipation in der Produktentwicklung

Unternehmen haben das Innovationspotenzial der eigenen Mitarbeiter auch außerhalb der F&E-Abteilung erkannt. Viele Initiativen zur Partizipation scheitern in der Praxis jedoch häufig. Lesen Sie hier  - basierend auf einer qualitativ-explorativen Expertenstudie - mehr über die wesentlichen Problemfelder der mitarbeiterzentrierten Produktentwicklung und profitieren Sie von konkreten Handlungsempfehlungen aus der Praxis.