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Erschienen in:
Assessment of Sustainability is Essential for Performability Evaluation Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

11. The Circular Industrial Economy of the Anthropocene and Its Benefits to Society

verfasst von : Walter R. Stahel

Erschienen in: Handbook of Advanced Performability Engineering

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Circular economy has always been about maintaining the value of stocks, be it natural, human, cultural, financial or manufactured capital, with a long-term perspective. A circular economy has evolved through three distinct phases, which today co-exist in parallel: a bioeconomy of natural materials ruled by Nature’s circularity, an anthropogenic phase (Anthropocene: to define a new geological epoch, a signal must be found that occurs globally and will be incorporated into deposits in the future geological record. The 35 scientists on the Working Group on the Anthropocene (WGA) decided at the beginning of 2020 that the Anthropocene started with the nuclear bomb in Hiroshima on 6 August 1945. The radioactive elements from nuclear bomb tests, which were blown into the stratosphere before settling down to Earth, provided this ‘golden spike’ signal. https://​quaternary.​stratigraphy.​org/​working-groups/​anthropocene/​) characterised by synthetic (man-made) materials and objects and a phase of ‘invisible’ resources and immaterial constraints. This chapter will focus on how the anthropogenic phase and the ‘invisible’ resources and immaterial constraints can integrate into a mature circular industrial economy.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Network Invariants and Their Use in Performability Analysis
Nächstes Kapitel Sustainment Strategies for System Performance Enhancement
Fußnoten
1
The bioeconomy comprises those parts of the economy that use renewable biological resources from land and sea—such as crops, forests, fish, animals and micro-organisms—to produce food, materials and energy. https://​ec.​europa.​eu/​research/​bioeconomy/​index.​cfm.
 
2
The start of the Bio-Anthropocene was probably the discovery of DNA. American biologist James Watson and English physicist Francis Crick discovered the double helix of DNA in the 1950s. But DNA was first identified in the late 1860s by Swiss chemist Friedrich Miescher. Source: Wikipedia, accessed 11 August 2019.
 
3
Reverse Compound Principle: see Sect. 4.2.
 
4
A term first used by Prof. Heinrich Wohlmeyer in Austria.
 
5
Elderly workers with the skills and knowledge of technologies and objects of the past.
 
6
The Polluter Pays Principle is an environmental law to make the party, which is responsible for the pollution, also responsible for paying for the damage done to the natural environment.
 
7
EPR legislation, such as the European Union’s WEEE directive for waste of electrical and electronic equipment.
 
8
The author has derived the concept of the ULO from that of the Ultimate Beneficial Owner (UBO), which was introduced in the USA in the 1970s to reduce tax evasion through chain ownerships of companies in tax havens.
 
9
2019 Boreal and Wärtsilä Ship Design have agreed to develop a hydrogen-powered ferry for the Hjelmeland–Skipavik–Nesvik stretch. The ferry will be the first in the world where the vessel will use hydrogen as a fuel. The Norwegian Public Roads Administration has announced a development contract for a hydrogen-powered ferry, which will be put into operation in 2021. The ferry service will be operated by two ferries, one being fully electric and the other hybrid hydrogen electric with 50% of the hydrogen output.
 
10
In 2017, the Factor Ten concept was reinvented by the World Business Council of Sustainable Development.
 
11
Quasi rental service activities are sometimes called sharing economy, platform economy (UBER, Airbnb) or Product-Service Systems (PSS), for reasons of brand distinctions rather than factual differences.
 
12
Xerox very early imposed its commonality principle, specifying the same components across its equipment range; Airbus introduced from the beginning a standardised flight deck for all its aircraft, saving airlines O&M costs in crew training, stand-by crews; airlines routinely transform passenger jets into cargo jets to extend their service life.
 
13
Pure risks can be insured, of course, but not the entrepreneurial risk.
 
14
With the digitalisation of technology, multifunctional goods such as all-in-one printer–copier–scanner–fax machines became standard.
 
15
UNIDO is promoting chemical leasing in Africa to reduce the uncontrolled release of used chemicals into the environment.
 
16
For catalytic goods, which are contaminated but not consumed during use, an integrated ‘rent-a-molecule’ service enables economic actors to create revenue without resource consumption [3, p. 87].
 
17
Cookson’s ‘rent-a-molecule’ of smart materials, [3, p. 109].
 
Literatur
1.
Stahel, W. R., Reday-Mulvey, G. (1981). The potential for substituting manpower for energy; 1976 report to the Commission of the European Communities, Brussels. Published 1981 as: Stahel, W.R., Reday-Mulvey, G. Jobs for Tomorrow, the potential for substituting manpower for energy, Vantage Press, New York, N.Y. 1981.
2.
3.
Stahel, W. R. (2010). The performance economy (2nd ed.). Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef
4.
Stahel, W. R. (2019). The circular economy, a user’s guide. Abingdon: Routledge.CrossRef
5.
Stahel, W. R. (1997). The service economy: Wealth without resource consumption? Philosophical Transactions a, Royal Society London, 355(June), 1309–1319.CrossRef
6.
7.
8.
The case study on the French construction industry in [1].
9.
Material economics. (2018). Ett värdebeständigt svenskt materialsystem (Retaining value in the Swedish Materials System). Research study, unpublished.
10.
Miller, H. (1976). Death of a salesman, 1949 play. London: Published Penguin Plays.
11.
Pirsig, R. (1974). Zen and the art of motorcycle maintenance. London: William Morris and Company.
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13.
ISO 14044. (2006). Environmental management—Life cycle assessment—Requirements and guidelines. International Standardisation Organisation, Geneva.
14.
Dumont, F. (2015). Personality: Historical and conceptual perspectives. In J. D. Wright (editor-in-chief), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed., Vol. 17, pp. 906–913). Oxford: Elsevier.
15.
Oberhuber, S. (2016). Material matters. Berlin: ECON im Ullstein Verlag.
Metadaten
Titel
The Circular Industrial Economy of the Anthropocene and Its Benefits to Society
verfasst von
Walter R. Stahel
Copyright-Jahr
2021
Buch
Handbook of Advanced Performability Engineering

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-55731-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-55732-4

Copyright-Jahr: 2021

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55732-4_11

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