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2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

17. The Conservation and Sustainable Use of the Ocean in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction: Where Do We Stand?

verfasst von : Miguel de Serpa Soares

Erschienen in: Global Challenges and the Law of the Sea

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This chapter discusses recent efforts made at the United Nations to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of ocean resources, particularly those in areas beyond national jurisdiction. By highlighting the publication of the World Ocean Assessment I and the ongoing efforts to develop an international legally binding instrument under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction, the continuous engagement of the international community in improving the health of oceans while ensuring its productive capacity for the future is noted. As greater efforts would be needed for States to achieve the targets set out in Sustainable Development Goal 14, this chapter emphasizes that it would be critical to continue to raise awareness of the problems facing the oceans to a broader range of stakeholders.

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Fußnoten
1
See e.g. United Nations (2017), pp. 82–83.
 
2
Id., p. 48.
 
3
See e.g. United Nations General Assembly (2015).
 
4
United Nations General Assembly (2018), para. 3.
 
5
See e.g. United Nations (2017), pp. 948–949.
 
6
United Nations (2018).
 
7
Art. 86, UNCLOS.
 
8
Art. 1.1 (1), UNCLOS.
 
9
Art. 94, UNCLOS.
 
10
See for example the competence of the International Seabed Authority in accordance with UNCLOS, Art. 160.
 
11
See, for example, provisions related to pollution and dumping in UNCLOS, Arts 207–211.
 
12
United Nations General Assembly (2015).
 
13
“Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development”.
 
15
United Nations (2017), pp. 49–51.
 
17
United Nations (2017), pp. 38–39.
 
18
Id., p. 37.
 
20
United Nations (2017), p. 686.
 
21
E.g., Spijkers and Jevglevskaja (2013).
 
22
E.g., A/RES/72/73, Preamble.
 
23
United Nations Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the Convention relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks 1995 (UNFSA), Arts 5(b) and 5(c).
 
24
Art. 118, UNCLOS.
 
25
UNFSA, Art. 8(1).
 
26
Id., Art. 10(a).
 
27
Id., Art. 10(c).
 
28
Id., Art. 10(d).
 
29
Id., Art. 36(1) and (2).
 
30
Report of the resumed Review Conference on the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, A/CONF.210/2016/5, 1 August 2016, para. 185. See also id., Annex, Outcome of the resumed Review Conference, para. 15(b).
 
31
Thirteenth round of Informal Consultations of States Parties to the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, ICSP13/UNFSA/ INF.2, July 2018, para. 85.
 
32
Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, A/RES/70/1, 25 September 2015.
 
33
Id., Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development, paras. 14.4, 14.6, 14.7, 14.b and 14.c.
 
34
Id., para. 14.1.
 
35
Id., para. 14.2.
 
36
Art. 1(1), UNCLOS.
 
37
Art. 157(1), UNCLOS.
 
38
Art. 145, UNCLOS.
 
39
Art. 143(2), UNCLOS.
 
40
Art. 145, UNCLOS.
 
42
Responsibilities and obligations of States with respect to activities in the Area, Advisory Opinion, 1 February 2011, ITLOS Reports 2011, p. 10.
 
43
See, e.g., Tanaka (2013).
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Spijkers O, Jevglevskaja N (2013) Sustainable development and high seas fisheries. Utrecht Law Rev 9(1):24–37CrossRef Spijkers O, Jevglevskaja N (2013) Sustainable development and high seas fisheries. Utrecht Law Rev 9(1):24–37CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tanaka Y (2013) Obligations and liability of sponsoring states concerning activities in the area: reflections on the ITLOS advisory opinion of 1 February 2011. Neth Int Law Rev 60(2):205–230CrossRef Tanaka Y (2013) Obligations and liability of sponsoring states concerning activities in the area: reflections on the ITLOS advisory opinion of 1 February 2011. Neth Int Law Rev 60(2):205–230CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat United Nations (ed) (2017) The first global integrated marine assessment: World Ocean Assessment I. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge United Nations (ed) (2017) The first global integrated marine assessment: World Ocean Assessment I. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Zurück zum Zitat Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, New York, 4 August 1995, 2167 UNTS 3, Registration Number 37924 Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, New York, 4 August 1995, 2167 UNTS 3, Registration Number 37924
Zurück zum Zitat Report of the resumed Review Conference on the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, A/CONF.210/2016/5, 1 August 2016 Report of the resumed Review Conference on the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, A/CONF.210/2016/5, 1 August 2016
Zurück zum Zitat Thirteenth round of Informal Consultations of States Parties to the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, ICSP13/UNFSA/ INF.2, 31 July 2018 Thirteenth round of Informal Consultations of States Parties to the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, ICSP13/UNFSA/ INF.2, 31 July 2018
Zurück zum Zitat Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, A/RES/70/1, 25 September 2015 Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, A/RES/70/1, 25 September 2015
Zurück zum Zitat United Nations Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the Convention relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks 1995 United Nations Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the Convention relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks 1995
Zurück zum Zitat United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Montego Bay, 10 December 1982, 1833 UNTS 3, Registration Number 31363 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Montego Bay, 10 December 1982, 1833 UNTS 3, Registration Number 31363
Zurück zum Zitat United Nations General Assembly (2015) Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015 (A/RES/70/71) United Nations General Assembly (2015) Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015 (A/RES/70/71)
Zurück zum Zitat United Nations General Assembly (2017) Oceans and the law of the sea, Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 5 December 2017 (A/RES/72/73) United Nations General Assembly (2017) Oceans and the law of the sea, Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 5 December 2017 (A/RES/72/73)
Zurück zum Zitat United Nations General Assembly (2018) Oceans and the law of the sea, Report of the Secretary-General (A/73/368) United Nations General Assembly (2018) Oceans and the law of the sea, Report of the Secretary-General (A/73/368)
Metadaten
Titel
The Conservation and Sustainable Use of the Ocean in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction: Where Do We Stand?
verfasst von
Miguel de Serpa Soares
Copyright-Jahr
2020
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42671-2_17