Skip to main content

2007 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

14. The Emergence of Language: How to Simulate It

verfasst von : Domenico Parisi, Marco Mirolli

Erschienen in: Emergence of Communication and Language

Verlag: Springer London

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The emergence of language in populations of primates that initially lacked language can be simulated with artificial organisms controlled by neural networks and living, evolving, and learning in artificial environments. Some simulations have already been done but most of the necessary work is a task for the future. We discuss language evolution under two topics: language is learned from others on the basis of genetically inherited predispositions, and language has important influences on human cognition. We propose an evolutionary sequence according to which bipedalism and the emergence of the hands represent a selective pressure for developing an ability to predict the consequences of one’s actions, this ability is the basis for learning by imitating other individuals, and learning by imitating other individuals is applied to learning to imitate their communicative behaviour.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Arbib, M.A.: From monkey-like action recognition to human language: An evolutionary framework for neurolinguistics. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Vol. 28(2) (2005) 105–124 Arbib, M.A.: From monkey-like action recognition to human language: An evolutionary framework for neurolinguistics. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Vol. 28(2) (2005) 105–124
Zurück zum Zitat Cangelosi, A., Harnad, S.: The adaptive advantage of symbolic theft over sensorimotor toil: Grounding language in perceptual categories. Evolution of Communication, Vol. 4(1). (2000) 117–142CrossRef Cangelosi, A., Harnad, S.: The adaptive advantage of symbolic theft over sensorimotor toil: Grounding language in perceptual categories. Evolution of Communication, Vol. 4(1). (2000) 117–142CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Corballis, M.C.: From Hand to Mouth: The Origins of Language. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2002) Corballis, M.C.: From Hand to Mouth: The Origins of Language. Princeton University Press, Princeton (2002)
Zurück zum Zitat Denaro, D., Parisi, D.: Cultural evolution in a population of neural networks. In Marinaro, M., Tagliaferri, R. (eds.) Proceedings of the Vietri-96 Conference on Parallel Architectures and Neural Networks. Springer, New York (1996) 100–111 Denaro, D., Parisi, D.: Cultural evolution in a population of neural networks. In Marinaro, M., Tagliaferri, R. (eds.) Proceedings of the Vietri-96 Conference on Parallel Architectures and Neural Networks. Springer, New York (1996) 100–111
Zurück zum Zitat Di Ferdinando, A., Parisi, D.: Internal representations of sensory input reflect the motor output with which organisms respond to the input. In Carsetti A. (ed.): Seeing, Thinking and Knowing. Kluwer, Dordrecht. (2004) 115–141CrossRef Di Ferdinando, A., Parisi, D.: Internal representations of sensory input reflect the motor output with which organisms respond to the input. In Carsetti A. (ed.): Seeing, Thinking and Knowing. Kluwer, Dordrecht. (2004) 115–141CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Diaz, R., Berk, L. (eds.): Private speech: From social interaction to self regulation. Erlbaum, New Jersey (1992) Diaz, R., Berk, L. (eds.): Private speech: From social interaction to self regulation. Erlbaum, New Jersey (1992)
Zurück zum Zitat Elman, J.L.: Finding structure in time. Cognitive Science, Vol. 14. (1990) 179–211CrossRef Elman, J.L.: Finding structure in time. Cognitive Science, Vol. 14. (1990) 179–211CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gruber, O., Goschke, T.: Executive control emerging from dynamic interactions between brain systems mediating language, working memory and attentional processes. Acta Psychologica, Vol. 115. (2004) 105–121CrossRef Gruber, O., Goschke, T.: Executive control emerging from dynamic interactions between brain systems mediating language, working memory and attentional processes. Acta Psychologica, Vol. 115. (2004) 105–121CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hare, M., Elman, J.L.: Learning and morphological change. Cognition, Vol. 56 (1995) 61–98CrossRef Hare, M., Elman, J.L.: Learning and morphological change. Cognition, Vol. 56 (1995) 61–98CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Harnad, S., Hanson, S.J., Lubin, J.: Learned categorical perception in neural nets: implications for symbol grounding. In Honavar and Uhr (eds.): Symbol processors and connectionist network models in artificial intelligence and cognitive modelling: steps toward principled integration. Academic Press, New York, NY (1995) 191–206 Harnad, S., Hanson, S.J., Lubin, J.: Learned categorical perception in neural nets: implications for symbol grounding. In Honavar and Uhr (eds.): Symbol processors and connectionist network models in artificial intelligence and cognitive modelling: steps toward principled integration. Academic Press, New York, NY (1995) 191–206
Zurück zum Zitat Heyes, C.M., Galef, B.G. Jr. (eds.): Social Learning and Imitation: the Roots of Culture. Academic Press, New York (1996) Heyes, C.M., Galef, B.G. Jr. (eds.): Social Learning and Imitation: the Roots of Culture. Academic Press, New York (1996)
Zurück zum Zitat Hockett, C.F.: Logical considerations in the study of animal communication. In Lanyon, W.E., Tavolga, W.N. (eds.): Animal Sounds and Communication. American Institute of Biological Sciences: Washington, D.C. (1960) Hockett, C.F.: Logical considerations in the study of animal communication. In Lanyon, W.E., Tavolga, W.N. (eds.): Animal Sounds and Communication. American Institute of Biological Sciences: Washington, D.C. (1960)
Zurück zum Zitat Hutchins, E., Hazlehurst, B.: How to invent a lexicon: the development of shared symbols in interaction. In Gilbert, N. and Conte, R. (eds.) Artificial Societies: the computer simulation of social life. UCL Press, London. (1995) 157–189 Hutchins, E., Hazlehurst, B.: How to invent a lexicon: the development of shared symbols in interaction. In Gilbert, N. and Conte, R. (eds.) Artificial Societies: the computer simulation of social life. UCL Press, London. (1995) 157–189
Zurück zum Zitat Jordan, M.I., Rumelhart, D.E.: Forward Models: Supervised Learning with a Distal Teacher, Cognitive Science, Vol. 16. (1992) 307–354CrossRef Jordan, M.I., Rumelhart, D.E.: Forward Models: Supervised Learning with a Distal Teacher, Cognitive Science, Vol. 16. (1992) 307–354CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lieberman, P.: On the nature and evolution of the neural bases of human language, Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 45 (2002) 36–62CrossRef Lieberman, P.: On the nature and evolution of the neural bases of human language, Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 45 (2002) 36–62CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lupyan, G.: Carving nature at its joints and carving joints into nature: How labels augment category representations. In Cangelosi, A., Bugmann, G., Borisyuk, R. (eds.) Modelling Language, Cognition and Action: Proceedings of the 9th Neural Computation and Psychology Workshop. World Scientific, Singapore (2005) 87–96CrossRef Lupyan, G.: Carving nature at its joints and carving joints into nature: How labels augment category representations. In Cangelosi, A., Bugmann, G., Borisyuk, R. (eds.) Modelling Language, Cognition and Action: Proceedings of the 9th Neural Computation and Psychology Workshop. World Scientific, Singapore (2005) 87–96CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mirolli, M., Parisi, D.: Language, altruism and docility: How cultural learning can favour language evolution. In Pollack, J.B., Bedau, M., Husbands, P., Ikegami, T., Watson, R.A. (eds.): Artificial Life IX: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (2004) 182–187 Mirolli, M., Parisi, D.: Language, altruism and docility: How cultural learning can favour language evolution. In Pollack, J.B., Bedau, M., Husbands, P., Ikegami, T., Watson, R.A. (eds.): Artificial Life IX: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. (2004) 182–187
Zurück zum Zitat Mirolli, M., Parisi, D.: Language as an Aid to Categorization: A Neural Network Model of Early Language Acquisition. In Cangelosi, A., Bugmann, G., Borisyuk, R. (eds.) Modelling Language, Cognition and Action: Proceedings of the 9th Neural Computation and Psychology Workshop. World Scientific, Singapore (2005a) 97–106CrossRef Mirolli, M., Parisi, D.: Language as an Aid to Categorization: A Neural Network Model of Early Language Acquisition. In Cangelosi, A., Bugmann, G., Borisyuk, R. (eds.) Modelling Language, Cognition and Action: Proceedings of the 9th Neural Computation and Psychology Workshop. World Scientific, Singapore (2005a) 97–106CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mirolli, M., Parisi, D.: How can we explain the emergence of a language which benefits the hearer but not the speaker? Connection Science, Vol. 17(3–4). (2005b) 325–341 Mirolli, M., Parisi, D.: How can we explain the emergence of a language which benefits the hearer but not the speaker? Connection Science, Vol. 17(3–4). (2005b) 325–341
Zurück zum Zitat Mirolli, M., Parisi, D.: Talking to Oneself as a Selective Pressure for the Emergence of Language. In Cangelosi, A., Smith, K., Smith, A. (eds.) Proceedings of the 6th Evolution of Language Conference. World Scientific, Singapore (2006) 214–221 Mirolli, M., Parisi, D.: Talking to Oneself as a Selective Pressure for the Emergence of Language. In Cangelosi, A., Smith, K., Smith, A. (eds.) Proceedings of the 6th Evolution of Language Conference. World Scientific, Singapore (2006) 214–221
Zurück zum Zitat Nazzi, T., Gopnik, A.: Linguistic and cognitive abilities in infancy: When does language become a tool for categorization? Cognition, Vol. 80. (2001) 303–312CrossRef Nazzi, T., Gopnik, A.: Linguistic and cognitive abilities in infancy: When does language become a tool for categorization? Cognition, Vol. 80. (2001) 303–312CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nolfi S., Elman J.L., Parisi D.: Learning and evolution in neural networks. Adaptive Behavior, Vol. 3(1). (1994) 5–28CrossRef Nolfi S., Elman J.L., Parisi D.: Learning and evolution in neural networks. Adaptive Behavior, Vol. 3(1). (1994) 5–28CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Parisi, D., Cecconi, F., Nolfi, S.: Econets: Neural networks that learn in an environment. Network, Vol. 1. (1990) 149–168CrossRef Parisi, D., Cecconi, F., Nolfi, S.: Econets: Neural networks that learn in an environment. Network, Vol. 1. (1990) 149–168CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Parisi, D., Floreano, D.: Prediction and Imitation of Linguistic Sounds by Neural Networks. In Paoloni, A. (ed.): Proceedings of the First Workshop on Neural Networks and Speech Processing. Fondazione Bordoni, Roma (1992) Parisi, D., Floreano, D.: Prediction and Imitation of Linguistic Sounds by Neural Networks. In Paoloni, A. (ed.): Proceedings of the First Workshop on Neural Networks and Speech Processing. Fondazione Bordoni, Roma (1992)
Zurück zum Zitat Rizzolatti, G., Arbib, M.A.: Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, Vol. 21. (1998) 188–194CrossRef Rizzolatti, G., Arbib, M.A.: Language within our grasp. Trends in Neuroscience, Vol. 21. (1998) 188–194CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schyns, P.G.: A Modular Neural Network Model of Concept Acquisition. Cognitive Science, Vol. 15(4) (1991) 461–508CrossRef Schyns, P.G.: A Modular Neural Network Model of Concept Acquisition. Cognitive Science, Vol. 15(4) (1991) 461–508CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Steels, L., Belpaeme, T.: Coordinating Perceptually Grounded Categories through Language. A Case Study for Colour. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. Vol. 28(4). (2005) 469–529 Steels, L., Belpaeme, T.: Coordinating Perceptually Grounded Categories through Language. A Case Study for Colour. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. Vol. 28(4). (2005) 469–529
Zurück zum Zitat Volterra, V., Caselli, M.C., Capirci, O., Pizzuto, E.: Gesture and the emergence and development of language. In Tomasello, M., Slobin, D.: Beyond Nature-Nurture. Essays in Honor of Elizabeth Bates. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New Jersey (2005) 3–40 Volterra, V., Caselli, M.C., Capirci, O., Pizzuto, E.: Gesture and the emergence and development of language. In Tomasello, M., Slobin, D.: Beyond Nature-Nurture. Essays in Honor of Elizabeth Bates. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New Jersey (2005) 3–40
Zurück zum Zitat Vygotsky, L.S.: Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. (1978) Vygotsky, L.S.: Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. (1978)
Metadaten
Titel
The Emergence of Language: How to Simulate It
verfasst von
Domenico Parisi
Marco Mirolli
Copyright-Jahr
2007
Verlag
Springer London
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-779-4_14