The ‘Footprints’ of Chinese Entrepreneurs in Old Shanghai

Old Shanghai was a metropolis where there were intense rivalries among various powerful capitalists and in the world of capitalism ‘competition is emulation with a view to profit’.2 In order to seek maximum profits, indeed, a number of capitalists, blinded by greed and regardless of their industrial and commercial reputations, tried every means possible to make money by hook or by crook. Especially in the seething waves of speculation, they would rather face the risk of being capsized than give up the opportunity to reap staggering profits.