Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 2/2017

24.01.2017

The Influence of Current Density and Frequency on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Ti6Al4V

verfasst von: H. Khanmohammadi, S. R. Allahkaram, A. Igual Munoz, N. Towhidi

Erschienen in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance | Ausgabe 2/2017

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The effect of processing current density and frequency on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of the PEO coatings was studied. Coatings were characterized using FESEM, EDS, potentiodynamic polarization and EIS. The results indicated that the surface roughness, porosity and Al/Ti chemical value on the surface of the coatings increase with an increase in the current density and a decrease in the frequency of the PEO process. Corrosion investigations showed a relation between a mixed structural parameter (that contains thickness, porosity percentage and average pore diameter of the coatings) and the corrosion resistance of the PEO coatings. EIS data showed that higher coating thickness, lower surface porosity percentage and smaller pore diameter lead to the higher corrosion resistance.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Shokouhfar, C. Dehghanian, M. Montazeri, and A. Baradaran, Preparation of Ceramic Coating on Ti Substrate by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation in Different Electrolytes and Evaluation of Its Corrosion Resistance: Part II, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2012, 258, p 2416–2423CrossRef M. Shokouhfar, C. Dehghanian, M. Montazeri, and A. Baradaran, Preparation of Ceramic Coating on Ti Substrate by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation in Different Electrolytes and Evaluation of Its Corrosion Resistance: Part II, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2012, 258, p 2416–2423CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat A.L. Yerokhin, X. Nie, A. Leyland, and A. Matthews, Characterisation of Oxide Films Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of a Ti-6Al-4V Alloy, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2000, 130, p 195–206CrossRef A.L. Yerokhin, X. Nie, A. Leyland, and A. Matthews, Characterisation of Oxide Films Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of a Ti-6Al-4V Alloy, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2000, 130, p 195–206CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat J. He, Q. Luo, Q.Z. Cai, X.W. Li, and D.Q. Zhang, Microstructure and Photocatalytic Properties of WO3/TiO2 Composite Films by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2011, 129, p 242–248CrossRef J. He, Q. Luo, Q.Z. Cai, X.W. Li, and D.Q. Zhang, Microstructure and Photocatalytic Properties of WO3/TiO2 Composite Films by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2011, 129, p 242–248CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat B. Yin, Zh Peng, J. Liang, K. Jin, Sh Zhu, J. Yang, and Zh Qiao, Tribological Behavior and Mechanism of Self-lubricating Wear-resistant Composite Coatings Fabricated by One-Step Plasma Electrolyte Oxidation, Tribol. Int., 2016, 97, p 97–107CrossRef B. Yin, Zh Peng, J. Liang, K. Jin, Sh Zhu, J. Yang, and Zh Qiao, Tribological Behavior and Mechanism of Self-lubricating Wear-resistant Composite Coatings Fabricated by One-Step Plasma Electrolyte Oxidation, Tribol. Int., 2016, 97, p 97–107CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat P. Huang, F. Wang, K. Xu, and Yong Han, Mechanical Properties of Titania Prepared by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation at Different Voltages, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2007, 201, p 5168–5171CrossRef P. Huang, F. Wang, K. Xu, and Yong Han, Mechanical Properties of Titania Prepared by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation at Different Voltages, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2007, 201, p 5168–5171CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat N.K. Kuromoto, R.A. Simao, and G.A. Soares, Titanium Oxide Films Produced on Commercially Pure Titanium by Anodic Oxidation with Different Voltages, Mater. Charact., 2007, 58, p 114–121CrossRef N.K. Kuromoto, R.A. Simao, and G.A. Soares, Titanium Oxide Films Produced on Commercially Pure Titanium by Anodic Oxidation with Different Voltages, Mater. Charact., 2007, 58, p 114–121CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Mu, J. Liang, X. Zhou, and Q. Xiao, One-Step Preparation of TiO2/MoS2 Composite Coating on Ti6Al4V Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation and its Tribological Properties, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 214, p 124–130CrossRef M. Mu, J. Liang, X. Zhou, and Q. Xiao, One-Step Preparation of TiO2/MoS2 Composite Coating on Ti6Al4V Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation and its Tribological Properties, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 214, p 124–130CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat T. Cheng, Y. Chen, and X. Nie, Surface Morphology Manipulation and Wear Property of Bioceramic Oxide Coatings on Titanium Alloy, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2012, 215, p 253–259CrossRef T. Cheng, Y. Chen, and X. Nie, Surface Morphology Manipulation and Wear Property of Bioceramic Oxide Coatings on Titanium Alloy, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2012, 215, p 253–259CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat X. Nie, A. Leyland, and A. Matthews, Low Temperature Deposition of Cr(N)/TiO2 Coatings Using a Duplex Process of Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering and Micro-Arc Oxidation, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2000, 133, p 331–337CrossRef X. Nie, A. Leyland, and A. Matthews, Low Temperature Deposition of Cr(N)/TiO2 Coatings Using a Duplex Process of Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering and Micro-Arc Oxidation, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2000, 133, p 331–337CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat S. Cengiz, A. Uzunoglu, L. Stanciu, M. Tarakci, and Y. Gencer, Direct Fabrication of Crystalline Hydroxyapatite Coating on Zirconium by Single-Step Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, 301, p 74–79CrossRef S. Cengiz, A. Uzunoglu, L. Stanciu, M. Tarakci, and Y. Gencer, Direct Fabrication of Crystalline Hydroxyapatite Coating on Zirconium by Single-Step Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2016, 301, p 74–79CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Z. Qiu, R. Wang, Y. Zhang, Y. Qu, and X. Wu, Study of Coating Growth Behavior During the Plasma Electrolyte Oxidation of Magnesium Alloy ZK60, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2015, 24, p 1483–1490CrossRef Z. Qiu, R. Wang, Y. Zhang, Y. Qu, and X. Wu, Study of Coating Growth Behavior During the Plasma Electrolyte Oxidation of Magnesium Alloy ZK60, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2015, 24, p 1483–1490CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat X.L. Zhang, ZhH Jiang, ZhP Yao, and ZhD Wu, Electrochemical Study of Growth Behaviour of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coating on Ti6Al4V: Effects of the Additive, Corros. Sci., 2010, 52, p 3465–3473CrossRef X.L. Zhang, ZhH Jiang, ZhP Yao, and ZhD Wu, Electrochemical Study of Growth Behaviour of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coating on Ti6Al4V: Effects of the Additive, Corros. Sci., 2010, 52, p 3465–3473CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat W. Yang, Q. Li, Q. Xiao, and J. Liang, Improvement of Corrosion Protective Performance of Organic Coating on Low Carbon Steel by PEO Pretreatment, Prog. Org. Coat., 2015, 89, p 260–266CrossRef W. Yang, Q. Li, Q. Xiao, and J. Liang, Improvement of Corrosion Protective Performance of Organic Coating on Low Carbon Steel by PEO Pretreatment, Prog. Org. Coat., 2015, 89, p 260–266CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat S. Stojadinovuc, R. Vasilic, M. Petkovic, and L. Zekovic, Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Titanium in Heteropolytungstate Acids, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206, p 575–581CrossRef S. Stojadinovuc, R. Vasilic, M. Petkovic, and L. Zekovic, Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Titanium in Heteropolytungstate Acids, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206, p 575–581CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat S. Stojadinovic, R. Vasilic, M. Petkovic, Z. Nedic, B. Kasalica, I. Belca, and L. Zekovic, Luminescence Properties Of Oxide Films Formed by Anodization of Aluminum in 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid, Electrochim. Acta, 2010, 55, p 3857–3863CrossRef S. Stojadinovic, R. Vasilic, M. Petkovic, Z. Nedic, B. Kasalica, I. Belca, and L. Zekovic, Luminescence Properties Of Oxide Films Formed by Anodization of Aluminum in 12-Tungstophosphoric Acid, Electrochim. Acta, 2010, 55, p 3857–3863CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat L.O. Snizhko, A.L. Yerokhin, A. Pilkington, N.L. Gurevina, D.O. Misnyankin, A. Leyland, and A. Matthews, Anodic Processes in Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Aluminium in Alkaline Solutions, Electrochim. Acta, 2004, 49, p 2085–2095CrossRef L.O. Snizhko, A.L. Yerokhin, A. Pilkington, N.L. Gurevina, D.O. Misnyankin, A. Leyland, and A. Matthews, Anodic Processes in Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Aluminium in Alkaline Solutions, Electrochim. Acta, 2004, 49, p 2085–2095CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat L.O. Snizhko, A.L. Yerokhin, N.L. Gurevina, V.A. Patalakha, and A. Matthews, Excessive Oxygen Evolution During Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Aluminium, Thin Solid Films, 2007, 516, p 460–464CrossRef L.O. Snizhko, A.L. Yerokhin, N.L. Gurevina, V.A. Patalakha, and A. Matthews, Excessive Oxygen Evolution During Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Aluminium, Thin Solid Films, 2007, 516, p 460–464CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat C. Martini, L. Ceschini, F. Tarterini, M.J. Paillard, and J.A. Curran, PEO Layers Obtained from Mixed Aluminate-Phosphate Baths on Ti-6Al-4V: Dry Sliding Behaviour and Influence of a PTFE Topcoat, Wear, 2010, 269, p 747–756CrossRef C. Martini, L. Ceschini, F. Tarterini, M.J. Paillard, and J.A. Curran, PEO Layers Obtained from Mixed Aluminate-Phosphate Baths on Ti-6Al-4V: Dry Sliding Behaviour and Influence of a PTFE Topcoat, Wear, 2010, 269, p 747–756CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat J.M. Wheeler, C.A. Collier, J.M. Paillard, and J.A. Curran, Evaluation of Micromechanical Behaviour of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 204, p 3399–3409CrossRef J.M. Wheeler, C.A. Collier, J.M. Paillard, and J.A. Curran, Evaluation of Micromechanical Behaviour of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 204, p 3399–3409CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat D.A. Becerik, A. Ayday, L.C. Kumruoglu, S.C. Kurnaz, and A. Ozel, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2012, 21, p 1426–1430CrossRef D.A. Becerik, A. Ayday, L.C. Kumruoglu, S.C. Kurnaz, and A. Ozel, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2012, 21, p 1426–1430CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Z. Yao, Z. Jiang, F. Wang, and G. Hao, Oxidation Behavior of Ceramic Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V by Micro-Plasma Oxidation, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2007, 190, p 117–122CrossRef Z. Yao, Z. Jiang, F. Wang, and G. Hao, Oxidation Behavior of Ceramic Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V by Micro-Plasma Oxidation, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2007, 190, p 117–122CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat X. Yongjun, Z. Yao, F. Jia, Y. Wang, Z. Jiang, and B. Haitao, Preparation of PEO Ceramic Coating on Ti Alloy and Its High Temperature Oxidation Resistance, Curr. Appl. Phys., 2010, 10, p 698–702CrossRef X. Yongjun, Z. Yao, F. Jia, Y. Wang, Z. Jiang, and B. Haitao, Preparation of PEO Ceramic Coating on Ti Alloy and Its High Temperature Oxidation Resistance, Curr. Appl. Phys., 2010, 10, p 698–702CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Khorasanian, A. Dehghan, M.H. Shariat, M.E. Bahrololoom, and S. Javadpour, Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Oxide Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation in an Inexpensive Electrolyte, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206, p 1495–1502CrossRef M. Khorasanian, A. Dehghan, M.H. Shariat, M.E. Bahrololoom, and S. Javadpour, Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Oxide Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V Produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation in an Inexpensive Electrolyte, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206, p 1495–1502CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat R.O. Hussein, D.O. Northwood, and X. Nie, The Influence of Pulse Timing and Current Mode on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behaviour of a Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coated AM60B Magnesium Alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 2012, 541, p 41–48CrossRef R.O. Hussein, D.O. Northwood, and X. Nie, The Influence of Pulse Timing and Current Mode on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behaviour of a Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coated AM60B Magnesium Alloy, J. Alloys Compd., 2012, 541, p 41–48CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat R.O. Hussein, P. Zhang, Y. Xia, X. Nie, and D.O. Northwood, The Effect of Current Mode and Discharge Type on the Corrosion Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coated Magnesium Alloy AJ62, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206, p 1990–1997CrossRef R.O. Hussein, P. Zhang, Y. Xia, X. Nie, and D.O. Northwood, The Effect of Current Mode and Discharge Type on the Corrosion Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coated Magnesium Alloy AJ62, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206, p 1990–1997CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat R.O. Hussein, X. Nie, and D.O. Northwood, Influence of Process Parameters on Electrolytic Plasma Discharging Behaviour and Aluminum Oxide Coating Microstructure, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 205, p 1659–1667CrossRef R.O. Hussein, X. Nie, and D.O. Northwood, Influence of Process Parameters on Electrolytic Plasma Discharging Behaviour and Aluminum Oxide Coating Microstructure, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 205, p 1659–1667CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Y. Gao, A. Yerokhin, and A. Matthews, DC Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Biodegradable cp-Mg: In-vitro Corrosion Studies, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 234, p 132–142CrossRef Y. Gao, A. Yerokhin, and A. Matthews, DC Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Biodegradable cp-Mg: In-vitro Corrosion Studies, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 234, p 132–142CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Y. Zhang, C. Yan, F. Wang, and W. Li, Electrochemical Behavior of Anodized Mg Alloy AZ91D in Chloride Containing Aqueous Solution, Corros. Sci., 2005, 47, p 2816–2831CrossRef Y. Zhang, C. Yan, F. Wang, and W. Li, Electrochemical Behavior of Anodized Mg Alloy AZ91D in Chloride Containing Aqueous Solution, Corros. Sci., 2005, 47, p 2816–2831CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat K.C. Tekin, U. Malayoglu, and S. Shrestha, Electrochemical Behavior of Plasma Electrolytic Oxide Coatings on Rare Earth Element Containing Mg Alloys, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 236, p 540–549CrossRef K.C. Tekin, U. Malayoglu, and S. Shrestha, Electrochemical Behavior of Plasma Electrolytic Oxide Coatings on Rare Earth Element Containing Mg Alloys, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 236, p 540–549CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat J. Liang, P. Bala Srinivasan, C. Blawert, M. Stormer, and W. Dietzel, Electrochemical Corrosion Behaviour of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on AM50 Magnesium Alloy Formed in Silicate and Phosphate Based Electrolytes, Electrochim. Acta, 2009, 54, p 3842–3850CrossRef J. Liang, P. Bala Srinivasan, C. Blawert, M. Stormer, and W. Dietzel, Electrochemical Corrosion Behaviour of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on AM50 Magnesium Alloy Formed in Silicate and Phosphate Based Electrolytes, Electrochim. Acta, 2009, 54, p 3842–3850CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat R.O. Hussein, D.O. Northwood, and X. Nie, The Effect of Processing Parameters and Substrate Composition on the Corrosion Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coated Magnesium Alloys, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 237, p 357–368CrossRef R.O. Hussein, D.O. Northwood, and X. Nie, The Effect of Processing Parameters and Substrate Composition on the Corrosion Resistance of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) Coated Magnesium Alloys, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2013, 237, p 357–368CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat H. Fadaee and M. Javidi, Investigation on the Corrosion Behaviour and Microstructure of 2024-T3 Al Alloy Treated Via Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, J. Alloys Compd., 2014, 604, p 36–42CrossRef H. Fadaee and M. Javidi, Investigation on the Corrosion Behaviour and Microstructure of 2024-T3 Al Alloy Treated Via Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, J. Alloys Compd., 2014, 604, p 36–42CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat D. Quintero, O. Galvis, J.A. Calderon, J.G. Castano, and F. Echeverria, Effect of Electrochemical Parameters on the Formation of Anodic Films on Commercially Pure Titanium by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2014, 258, p 1223–1231CrossRef D. Quintero, O. Galvis, J.A. Calderon, J.G. Castano, and F. Echeverria, Effect of Electrochemical Parameters on the Formation of Anodic Films on Commercially Pure Titanium by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2014, 258, p 1223–1231CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat A.M. Kumar, S.H. Kwon, H.C. Jung, and K.S. Shin, Effect of Electrochemical Parameters on the Formation of Anodic Films on Commercially Pure Titanium by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2015, 149–150, p 480–486CrossRef A.M. Kumar, S.H. Kwon, H.C. Jung, and K.S. Shin, Effect of Electrochemical Parameters on the Formation of Anodic Films on Commercially Pure Titanium by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2015, 149–150, p 480–486CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat H. Deng, Z. Ma, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, and X. Liu, Corrosion Resistance in Simulated DMFC Environment of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coating Prepared on Aluminum Alloy, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2015, 269, p 108–113CrossRef H. Deng, Z. Ma, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, and X. Liu, Corrosion Resistance in Simulated DMFC Environment of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coating Prepared on Aluminum Alloy, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2015, 269, p 108–113CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat A.L. Yerokhin, X. Nie, A. Leyland, A. Matthews, and S.J. Dowey, Plasma Electrolysis for Surface Engineering, Surf. Coat. Technol., 1999, 122, p 73–93CrossRef A.L. Yerokhin, X. Nie, A. Leyland, A. Matthews, and S.J. Dowey, Plasma Electrolysis for Surface Engineering, Surf. Coat. Technol., 1999, 122, p 73–93CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Z. Yao, Z. Jiang, S. Xin, X. Sun, and X. Wu, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Ceramic Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V by Micro-Plasma Oxidation, Electrochim. Acta, 2005, 50, p 3273–3279CrossRef Z. Yao, Z. Jiang, S. Xin, X. Sun, and X. Wu, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of Ceramic Coatings on Ti-6Al-4V by Micro-Plasma Oxidation, Electrochim. Acta, 2005, 50, p 3273–3279CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
The Influence of Current Density and Frequency on the Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Coatings on Ti6Al4V
verfasst von
H. Khanmohammadi
S. R. Allahkaram
A. Igual Munoz
N. Towhidi
Publikationsdatum
24.01.2017
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance / Ausgabe 2/2017
Print ISSN: 1059-9495
Elektronische ISSN: 1544-1024
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-017-2503-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2017

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 2/2017 Zur Ausgabe

    Marktübersichten

    Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.