2. The Significance of Air Quality

Air quality is a crucial determinant of human health, environmental sustainability, and climate dynamics. Poor air quality, characterized by pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), can trigger respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and neurological disorders. Additionally, air pollution poses significant environmental threats, damaging ecosystems, reducing biodiversity, and altering nutrient cycles. The complex interaction between air quality and climate change exacerbates global warming, which further deteriorates air quality through mechanisms like smog formation. Furthermore, the socioeconomic burden of air pollution includes healthcare costs, productivity losses, and environmental remediation expenses. Vulnerable populations, such as children and socioeconomically disadvantaged communities, are disproportionately affected by poor air quality. Recognizing air quality’s significance is essential for effective policy-making and sustainable development.