Sie können Operatoren mit Ihrer Suchanfrage kombinieren, um diese noch präziser einzugrenzen. Klicken Sie auf den Suchoperator, um eine Erklärung seiner Funktionsweise anzuzeigen.
Findet Dokumente, in denen beide Begriffe in beliebiger Reihenfolge innerhalb von maximal n Worten zueinander stehen. Empfehlung: Wählen Sie zwischen 15 und 30 als maximale Wortanzahl (z.B. NEAR(hybrid, antrieb, 20)).
Findet Dokumente, in denen der Begriff in Wortvarianten vorkommt, wobei diese VOR, HINTER oder VOR und HINTER dem Suchbegriff anschließen können (z.B., leichtbau*, *leichtbau, *leichtbau*).
Das Kapitel befasst sich mit dem TANGENT-Governance-Modell für den Austausch von Mobilitätsdaten, einem entscheidenden Rahmen für die Optimierung des Verkehrsbetriebs und die Verbesserung multimodaler Verkehrsdienste. Er beginnt mit einer Skizze der Europäischen Strategie für Daten und des Data Governance Act, wobei die Notwendigkeit eines sicheren und transparenten Datenaustauschs betont wird. Der Methodenabschnitt beschreibt den Prozess der Definition eines Data Governance Modells, einschließlich der Extraktion eines Data Governance Referenzschemas und der Identifizierung von Best Practices durch Literaturanalyse und Stakeholder-Workshops. Das Kapitel unterstreicht die Bedeutung verschiedener Prozesse wie Datenveröffentlichung, Datenqualität, Datenzugriff, Datenspeicherung und -nutzung, die jeweils durch spezifische Regeln und Rollen geregelt werden. Das TANGENT Data Sharing Governance Model wird als bewährte Praxis präsentiert, die sich auf die Veröffentlichung von Daten konzentriert und die wichtigsten Governance-Regeln beschreibt, die diese regeln. Die Schlussfolgerung unterstreicht die Anpassungsfähigkeit des Modells und sein Potenzial, die Weitergabe und Wiederverwendung von Daten zu erleichtern und damit letztlich das Verkehrsmanagement und die Mobilitätsplanung zu verbessern.
KI-Generiert
Diese Zusammenfassung des Fachinhalts wurde mit Hilfe von KI generiert.
Abstract
Guaranteed access to mobility for all is one of the conditions for the participation of all individuals in an inclusive society. On the one hand, there is a significant increase in the availability of multimodal mobility services for people. On the other hand, the increase in the movement of people using different mobility services makes traffic management an even more difficult challenge to overcome. Traffic management must move from the traditional management of traffic volumes to managing the different types of available vehicles. For this purpose, the EU-funded TANGENT project is developing new complementary services for optimising multimodal traffic operations. Data from heterogeneous data sources must be appropriately shared between the stakeholders involved in the project to enable the development and testing of these innovative services. This paper presents the methodology adopted by the TANGENT project for formalising the TANGENT Data Sharing Governance model and adequately managing and facilitating data-sharing tasks.
1 Introduction
The European Strategy for Data [1] defines data-sharing as the process of making the same data source accessible to numerous users or applications. The strategy includes the creation of a common European mobility data space (EMDS) 2] that should facilitate the access, pooling and sharing of data from existing and future transport and mobility data sources. The goal is to overcome technical and legal barriers and to ensure trusted and secure data-sharing by combining data governance frameworks and technical infrastructures. With this objective, the Data Governance Act [3] has been stipulated to increase all the benefits from data for European citizens and businesses by fostering secure data handling and more transparent data governance.
The TANGENT project1 is developing new complementary tools for optimising traffic operations, elaborating data related to multimodal transport services and considering automated/non-automated vehicles, passengers, and freight transport.
Anzeige
A structured and effective data governance model is crucial for managing and facilitating data-sharing between the different stakeholders involved in the project. This paper presents the methodology adopted by the TANGENT project for formalising the TANGENT Data Sharing Governance model based on an extensive analysis of the literature and the adoption of best practices.
2 Methodology
Defining a governance model is crucial to regulate the data-sharing between data providers and the organisations involved in the TANGENT project. The methodology adopted by the project to define the data-sharing governance model includes the following propaedeutic activities: (i) extraction of a Data Governance Reference Schema from relevant papers in data governance literature representing the main aspects to consider to handle data governance properly; (ii) usage of the Data Governance Reference Schema to guide the analysis, comparison, and discussion of literature related to data governance in the transport domain and to identify best practices to be adopted in the TANGENT project; (iii) discussion of the best practices and collection of additional information about data governance aspects in dedicated workshops with relevant stakeholders of the TANGENT case study cities (i.e., Athens, Lisbon, Greater Manchester, and Rennes).
2.1 Data Governance Reference Schema
The analysis of relevant papers in data governance literature (e.g., [4‐6]) has guided the definition of the Data Governance Reference Schema shown in Fig. 1.
Data governance (DG) involves different processes (e.g., data collection, sharing, usage) characterised by several objectives (e.g., data quality, data accessibility, compliance with European directives). The rules that enable each process to achieve the objectives are defined through the DG model. An example is represented by the rules that must be applied and observed to allow for data accessibility in the data-sharing process, such as the acquisition of metadata, the definition of a descriptor, its validation, and so on.
Anzeige
The stakeholders involved in executing the different processes represent all the significant actors to be considered in the definition of the DG model. Each actor may assume one or more roles (e.g., data publisher, data controller, data owner). A committee or an authority body may be defined to cover the role of the central DG authority. Other roles often considered by a DG model are the data steering committee, the DG officer, the data owner, the data steward (i.e., who oversees aspects related in general to data management, e.g., format, accessibility, description and quality), and the technology steward (i.e., who is responsible for regulating the use of the different technological solutions and tools needed to perform a specific process).
2.2 Mobility Data Governance: Best Practices
The Data Governance Reference Schema has guided the analysis, comparison, and discussion of DG models defined by European research projects (e.g., Transforming Transport2, HARMONY3, MOMENTUM4, NOESIS5, LEMO6) in the transport domain. The analysis of the proposed DG models has highlighted the following best practices:
definition of rules and establishment of a Technical Management Board for facilitating the processes of data collection, publication, and sharing;
definition of a metadata catalogue for supporting the data-sharing;
definition of rules to enforce compliance with European regulations on data (e.g., [7]) and to ensure interoperability and reuse of data and metadata;
definition of rules to properly govern data manipulation (e.g., data harmonisation and fusion);
definition of rules to properly govern data reuse.
2.3 Workshops with Stakeholders
The objective of data-sharing in the TANGENT project is to enable the testing of the TANGENT solutions for optimising traffic operations in each case study. Data-sharing must be performed following a structured and effective Data Governance model.
The project has organised multi-actor cooperation workshops with the stakeholders involved in the TANGENT case studies. Each workshop had a dedicated section on data governance to collect additional information about directives, regulations, and DG aspects to be considered for managing data related to the TANGENT case studies.
The following data governance processes were presented and discussed in the first part of each DG section: (i) dataset identification and description, (ii) data access, (iii) data harmonisation and fusion, and (iv) data usage. Then, in the second part, the participants were invited to actively join a working session aimed at collecting (i) feedback on rules proposed by TANGENT to regulate data-sharing within the project partners, (ii) information on active regulations and directives at the city or national level that TANGENT must be aware of, and (iii) information about stakeholders potentially involved in the process.
The analysis of the collected information has shown that all the participants agreed on the importance of:
adopting a metadata profile for describing datasets;
signing an NDA between TANGENT partners and each external data provider to enable and regulate access to and the use of private datasets;
assuring a high level of data quality of the dataset;
ensuring compliance with existing licences for handling datasets’ access, manipulation and use.
3 TANGENT Data Sharing Governance Model
Based on the results of the propedeutic activities described in Sect. 2, the TANGENT project considered the following elements as crucial aspects for the definition of the TANGENT Data Sharing Governance Model:
data governance is characterised by different objectives (e.g., enhance findability and reuse of data);
data governance should consider different data source types;
data governance should consider tools and technologies adopted for data-sharing;
data governance refers to different processes (e.g., data publication, data access);
different actors with different roles are involved in the governance of each process;
different rules (both external and defined by the project) should be applied to establish effective data governance.
The TANGENT Data Sharing Governance Model focuses on five different processes identified according to the project objectives:
Data publication: the process of describing a data source in a shared catalogue according to a metadata profile;
Data quality: the process of assessing the quality of a data source and its metadata published in the shared catalogue;
Data access: the process of accessing data contained in or exposed from a data source;
Data storage: the process of storing (a portion of) data provided from a data source;
Data usage: the process of using and/or manipulating data from one or more data sources.
This section focuses on the data publication process and describes the main data governance rules regulating it in the TANGENT Data Sharing Governance Model (listed below). These rules require the usage of the TANGENT Data Catalogue (i.e., a data catalogue implementing a single solution for the findability and accessibility of all the data sources shared within the TANGENT project) and the TANGENT Metadata Profile (i.e., a specification defining metadata fields for the description of the data sources in the TANGENT Data Catalogue). Moreover, the rules must be applied by stakeholders covering two different roles: the TANGENT data publisher (i.e., the person responsible for publishing and describing a data source within the TANGENT Data Catalogue) and the TANGENT Data Catalogue Management Board (i.e., a group of persons responsible for the management and control of a (set of) data source(s) within the TANGENT Data Catalogue).
Rule “Sharing of external data sources for the case study”: The external data sources (both open and proprietary) required for each case study should be published in the TANGENT Data Catalogue. The TANGENT case study leader assumes the role of TANGENT data publisher for all the external data sources related to a specific case study.
Rule “Metadata description of data sources”: The TANGENT data publisher should describe a data source in the TANGENT Data Catalogue according to the TANGENT Metadata Profile. The licence selected for metadata in the TANGENT Data Catalogue is Creative Commons CC-BY. Metadata requiring a stricter licence should not be added to the TANGENT Data Catalogue.
Rule “Approval of data source publication”: The TANGENT Data Catalogue Management Board validates the publication of data sources shared and described by the TANGENT data publisher. In particular, the TANGENT Data Catalogue Management Board should ensure the publication of data sources following signed NDAs and data licences.
4 Conclusions
Based on an extensive analysis of the literature related to data governance, this paper has provided a Data Governance Reference Schema describing the proper structures and processes to handle data governance properly. The reference schema has been used to guide a more tailored analysis of literature related to data governance in the transport domain. The comparison led to identifying best practices for the TANGENT project.
These propaedeutic activities and the inputs collected from stakeholders during the multi-actor cooperation workshops have been used to define the TANGENT Data Sharing Governance model. The model identifies crucial processes (data publication, data quality, data access, data storage, data usage) to be addressed by TANGENT stakeholders with different roles and following a detailed list of rules.
The TANGENT Data Sharing Governance model represents a best practice that can be easily adapted for the governance of a mobility data space, guiding data sharing between data owners and consumers properly.
Effective data governance, such as the one defined by TANGENT, can facilitate the sharing and reuse of data and enable the creation of new tools for optimising traffic management operations. Through simple rules and agreements on data-sharing, it is, in fact, possible to improve real-time traffic management and mobility planning, reducing road congestion and pollution and increasing our security.
Acknowledgements
The presented research has been supported by the TANGENT project (Grant Agreement no. 955273), co-funded by the European Commission under the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme.
Open Access This chapter is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this chapter are included in the chapter's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the chapter's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
Panian, Z.: Some practical experiences in data governance. Int. J. World Acad. Sci. Eng. Technol., 939–946 (2010)
5.
Brous, P., Janssen, M., Vilminko-Heikkinen, R: Coordinating decision-making in data management activities: a systematic review of data governance principles. In: Int. Conf. on Electronic Government - EGOV 2016, pp. 115–125. Springer (2016)
6.
Weber, K., Otto, B.: One size does not fit all - a contingency approach to data governance. J. Data Inf. Quality 1(1), 1–27 (2009)CrossRef
7.
European Commission: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/1926 supplementing Directive 2010/40/EU with regard to the provision of EU-wide multimodal travel information services (2017). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2017/1926/oj. Accessed 03 Jan 2024
