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Erschienen in:
Introduction: Economics of Tourism, Economics of Destinations, Tourism Studies and Other Related Issues Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2012 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. The Tourism Sector in the Economy

verfasst von : Guido Candela, Paolo Figini

Erschienen in: The Economics of Tourism Destinations

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Abstract

Tourism is one of the most important and dynamic sectors in modern economies. In 2010, international tourism globally accounted for more than 900 million arrivals, generated an aggregate income of 1,000 billion dollars, and was estimated to be the fourth greatest contributor to the aggregate world exports right after energy, chemical products, and cars (UNWTO 2011a). In addition, as stated in the previous chapter, tourism contributes with a 9% to the global GDP (of which around 5% as a direct contribute) and with an 8% to world employment (UNWTO 2010).

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Vorheriges Kapitel Definitions and Key Concepts
Nächstes Kapitel The Economics of Tourism Destinations
Fußnoten
1
Although the term “tourism industry” is often referred to in textbooks, articles and reports, in a technical sense tourism in not an industry, as we will explain in this chapter. Hence, we prefer to use the term “tourism sector”.
 
2
The release of the fourth assumption is, on the contrary, more controversial and has important implications on the whole philosophy of the I–O model. Such discussion, however, goes beyond the aim of this book.
 
3
Constant returns to scale imply that a proportional change of all the inputs by a given positive factor, leads to a change in the output by the same factor (i.e., if we double all the inputs, the output doubles).
 
4
The exogenous variables refer to factors that are not determined in the model but are necessary to obtain the solution of the model. The endogenous variables refer to factors whose values are computed by solving the model, given the values of the exogenous variables.
 
5
NACE is the french acronym for Nomenclature statistique des Activités économiques dans la Communauté Européenne.
 
6
The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) is the global forum for business leaders in the Travel & Tourism industry. With the Chairs and Chief Executives of the foremost Travel & Tourism companies worldwide as its Members, WTTC has a unique mandate and overview on all matters related to Travel & Tourism. WTTC works to raise awareness of Travel & Tourism as one of the world’s largest industries.
 
7
All figures presented in this section come from two documents that are published by the UNWTO and that (on a yearly and quarterly basis) analyze the state of tourism worldwide: “Tourism Highlights” and “World Tourism Barometer”. UNWTO also publishes other relevant documents that can be found on the UNWTO’s website (www.​unwto.​org).
 
8
The relationship between tourism, war, and terrorism is of great current interest for the Economics of Tourism. As an example, we recommend the special issues of the Journal of Travel Research (1999), of Tourism Economics (2000), and the works of Sonmez and Graefe (1998), Sonmez (1998), Bonham et al. (2006), Arana and Leon (2008), Thompson (2011). As regards the impact of the recent financial and economic crisis on tourism see the special issue of the Journal of Travel Research in 2010 (Sheldon and Dwyer 2010, for an introduction).
 
Literatur
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Metadaten
Titel
The Tourism Sector in the Economy
verfasst von
Guido Candela
Paolo Figini
Copyright-Jahr
2012
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch
The Economics of Tourism Destinations

Print ISBN: 978-3-642-20873-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-20874-4

Copyright-Jahr: 2012

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20874-4_3