The use of topology optimization in disposing carbon fiber reinforcement for concrete structures

A topology optimization procedure is presented as a tool for determining the distribution of external strengthening of concrete slabs, using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP). Although the procedure is applied to slabs in this work, the technique can be used in any concrete structure to be reinforced. Numerical simulations are performed using the Finite Element Method, in combination with the automated topology optimization procedure, to indicate the optimal region for placement of the reinforcement. The influence of some aspects of the slab’s structural behavior on the optimization results is presented: concrete cracking, boundary conditions and reinforcement rate. A brief discussion is given of the similarity between the topology optimization results obtained by the maximum stiffness and ultimate strength criteria. Gains are found in the stiffness and strength of reinforced parts. A comparison with conventional reinforcement techniques demonstrates that topology optimization can be a useful tool for defining the region of reinforcement, allowing for material cost savings.