Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Machine Vision and Applications 1/2014

01.01.2014 | Original Paper

Thermal cameras and applications: a survey

verfasst von: Rikke Gade, Thomas B. Moeslund

Erschienen in: Machine Vision and Applications | Ausgabe 1/2014

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Thermal cameras are passive sensors that capture the infrared radiation emitted by all objects with a temperature above absolute zero. This type of camera was originally developed as a surveillance and night vision tool for the military, but recently the price has dropped, significantly opening up a broader field of applications. Deploying this type of sensor in vision systems eliminates the illumination problems of normal greyscale and RGB cameras. This survey provides an overview of the current applications of thermal cameras. Applications include animals, agriculture, buildings, gas detection, industrial, and military applications, as well as detection, tracking, and recognition of humans. Moreover, this survey describes the nature of thermal radiation and the technology of thermal cameras.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
Thermal images are also used in other biometrics such as hand veins, neck veins and arm veins [58], and palm-dorsa vein patterns [41, 115, 183].
 
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Airouche, M., Bentabet, L., Zelmat, M., Gao, G.: Pedestrian tracking using color, thermal and location cue measurements: a DSmT-based framework. Mach. Vis. Appl. 23, 999–1010 (2012)CrossRef Airouche, M., Bentabet, L., Zelmat, M., Gao, G.: Pedestrian tracking using color, thermal and location cue measurements: a DSmT-based framework. Mach. Vis. Appl. 23, 999–1010 (2012)CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Akhloufi, M., Bendada, A.: Thermal faceprint: a new thermal face signature extraction for infrared face recognition. In: Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision (2008) Akhloufi, M., Bendada, A.: Thermal faceprint: a new thermal face signature extraction for infrared face recognition. In: Canadian Conference on Computer and Robot Vision (2008)
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Al-Kassir, A.R., Fernandez, J., Tinaut, F., Castro, F.: Thermographic study of energetic installations. Appl. Thermal Eng. 25(23), 183–190 (2005)CrossRef Al-Kassir, A.R., Fernandez, J., Tinaut, F., Castro, F.: Thermographic study of energetic installations. Appl. Thermal Eng. 25(23), 183–190 (2005)CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Angaitkar, P., Saxena, K., Gupta, N., Sinhal, A.: Enhancement of infrared image for roof leakage detection. In: International Conference on Emerging Trends in Computing, Communication and Nanotechnology (2013) Angaitkar, P., Saxena, K., Gupta, N., Sinhal, A.: Enhancement of infrared image for roof leakage detection. In: International Conference on Emerging Trends in Computing, Communication and Nanotechnology (2013)
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Arenas, A.J., Gómez, F., Salas, R., Carrasco, P., Borge, C., Maldonado, A., OBrien, D.J., Martínez-Moreno, F.: An evaluation of the application of infrared thermal imaging to the tele-diagnosis of sarcoptic mange in the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica). Vet. Parasitol. 109(1G2), 111–117 (2002) Arenas, A.J., Gómez, F., Salas, R., Carrasco, P., Borge, C., Maldonado, A., OBrien, D.J., Martínez-Moreno, F.: An evaluation of the application of infrared thermal imaging to the tele-diagnosis of sarcoptic mange in the spanish ibex (capra pyrenaica). Vet. Parasitol. 109(1G2), 111–117 (2002)
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Arrue, B.C., Ollero, A.: Matinez de Dios, J.R.: An intelligent system for false alarm reduction in infrared forest-fire detection. IEEE Intell. Syst. Appl. 15(3), 64–73 (2000) Arrue, B.C., Ollero, A.: Matinez de Dios, J.R.: An intelligent system for false alarm reduction in infrared forest-fire detection. IEEE Intell. Syst. Appl. 15(3), 64–73 (2000)
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Aziz, M.Z., Mertsching, B.: Survivor search with autonomous UGVs using multimodal overt attention. In: IEEE International Workshop on Safety Security and Rescue Robotics (2010) Aziz, M.Z., Mertsching, B.: Survivor search with autonomous UGVs using multimodal overt attention. In: IEEE International Workshop on Safety Security and Rescue Robotics (2010)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Bebis, G., Gyaourova, A., Singh, S., Pavlidis, I.: Face recognition by fusing thermal infrared and visible imagery. Image Vis. Comput. 24(7), 727–742 (2006)CrossRef Bebis, G., Gyaourova, A., Singh, S., Pavlidis, I.: Face recognition by fusing thermal infrared and visible imagery. Image Vis. Comput. 24(7), 727–742 (2006)CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Benezeth, Y., Emile, B., Laurent, H., Rosenberger, C.: A real time human detection system based on far infrared vision. In: Image and Signal Processing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5099, pp. 76–84. Springer, Berlin (2008) Benezeth, Y., Emile, B., Laurent, H., Rosenberger, C.: A real time human detection system based on far infrared vision. In: Image and Signal Processing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5099, pp. 76–84. Springer, Berlin (2008)
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Caraffi, C., Rose, M.D., Felisa, M., Vezzoni, G.: Pedestrian detection by means of far-infrared stereo vision. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 106(23), 194–204 (2007)CrossRef Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Caraffi, C., Rose, M.D., Felisa, M., Vezzoni, G.: Pedestrian detection by means of far-infrared stereo vision. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 106(23), 194–204 (2007)CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Fascioli, A., Graf, T., Meinecke, M.M.: Pedestrian detection for driver assistance using multiresolution infrared vision. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 53(6), 1666–1678 (2004)CrossRef Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Fascioli, A., Graf, T., Meinecke, M.M.: Pedestrian detection for driver assistance using multiresolution infrared vision. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 53(6), 1666–1678 (2004)CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Felisa, M., Vezzoni, G., Del Rose, M.: Low-level pedestrian detection by means of visible and far infra-red tetra-vision. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2006) Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Felisa, M., Vezzoni, G., Del Rose, M.: Low-level pedestrian detection by means of visible and far infra-red tetra-vision. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2006)
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Gomez, C.H., Fedriga, R.I., Vezzoni, G., Del Rose, M.: Pedestrian detection in far infrared images based on the use of probabilistic templates. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2007) Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Gomez, C.H., Fedriga, R.I., Vezzoni, G., Del Rose, M.: Pedestrian detection in far infrared images based on the use of probabilistic templates. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2007)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Grisleri, P., Graf, T., Meinecke, M.: Pedestrian detection in infrared images. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2003) Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Grisleri, P., Graf, T., Meinecke, M.: Pedestrian detection in infrared images. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2003)
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Lasagni, A., Rose, M.D.: Infrared stereo vision-based pedestrian detection. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2005) Bertozzi, M., Broggi, A., Lasagni, A., Rose, M.D.: Infrared stereo vision-based pedestrian detection. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2005)
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhanu, B., Han, J.: Kinematic-based human motion analysis in infrared sequences. In: Sixth IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (2002) Bhanu, B., Han, J.: Kinematic-based human motion analysis in infrared sequences. In: Sixth IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (2002)
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhowmik, M., De, B., Bhattacharjee, D., Basu, D., Nasipuri, M.: Multisensor fusion of visual and thermal images for human face identification using different SVM kernels. In: IEEE Long Island Systems, Applications and Technology Conference (2012) Bhowmik, M., De, B., Bhattacharjee, D., Basu, D., Nasipuri, M.: Multisensor fusion of visual and thermal images for human face identification using different SVM kernels. In: IEEE Long Island Systems, Applications and Technology Conference (2012)
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhowmik, M.K., Bhattacharjee, D., Nasipuri, M., Basu, D.K., Kundu, M.: Classification of polar-thermal eigenfaces using multilayer perceptron for human face recognition. In: IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and, Information Systems (2008) Bhowmik, M.K., Bhattacharjee, D., Nasipuri, M., Basu, D.K., Kundu, M.: Classification of polar-thermal eigenfaces using multilayer perceptron for human face recognition. In: IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and, Information Systems (2008)
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Binelli, E., Broggi, A., Fascioli, A., Ghidoni, S., Grisleri, P., Graf, T., Meinecke, M.: A modular tracking system for far infrared pedestrian recognition. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2005) Binelli, E., Broggi, A., Fascioli, A., Ghidoni, S., Grisleri, P., Graf, T., Meinecke, M.: A modular tracking system for far infrared pedestrian recognition. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2005)
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Buddharaju, P., Pavlidis, I.T., Tsiamyrtzis, P.: Pose-invariant physiological face recognition in the thermal infrared spectrum. In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006) Buddharaju, P., Pavlidis, I.T., Tsiamyrtzis, P.: Pose-invariant physiological face recognition in the thermal infrared spectrum. In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2006)
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Buddharaju, P., Pavlidis, I.T., Tsiamyrtzis, P., Bazakos, M.: Physiology-based face recognition in the thermal infrared spectrum. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 29(4), 613–626 (2007)CrossRef Buddharaju, P., Pavlidis, I.T., Tsiamyrtzis, P., Bazakos, M.: Physiology-based face recognition in the thermal infrared spectrum. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 29(4), 613–626 (2007)CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Byrnes, J.: Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Mitigation. Springer, Berlin (2009)CrossRef Byrnes, J.: Unexploded Ordnance Detection and Mitigation. Springer, Berlin (2009)CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Castillo, J.C., Serrano-Cuerda, J., Fernández-Caballero, A., López, M.T.: Segmenting humans from mobile thermal infrared imagery. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Work-Conference on The Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation: Part II: Bioinspired Applications in Artificial and Natural Computation. Springer, Berlin (2009) Castillo, J.C., Serrano-Cuerda, J., Fernández-Caballero, A., López, M.T.: Segmenting humans from mobile thermal infrared imagery. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Work-Conference on The Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation: Part II: Bioinspired Applications in Artificial and Natural Computation. Springer, Berlin (2009)
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Chekmenev, S.Y., Farag, A.A., Essock, E.A.: Thermal imaging of the superficial temporal artery: an arterial pulse recovery model. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007) Chekmenev, S.Y., Farag, A.A., Essock, E.A.: Thermal imaging of the superficial temporal artery: an arterial pulse recovery model. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007)
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Chelladurai, V., Jayas, D.S., White, N.D.G.: Thermal imaging for detecting fungal infection in stored wheat. J. Stored Prod. Res. 46(3), 174–179 (2010)CrossRef Chelladurai, V., Jayas, D.S., White, N.D.G.: Thermal imaging for detecting fungal infection in stored wheat. J. Stored Prod. Res. 46(3), 174–179 (2010)CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen, S., Leung, H.: An EM-CI based approach to fusion of IR and visual images. In: 12th International Conference on Information Fusion (2009) Chen, S., Leung, H.: An EM-CI based approach to fusion of IR and visual images. In: 12th International Conference on Information Fusion (2009)
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Chen, X., Flynn, P.J., Bowyer, K.W.: IR and visible light face recognition. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 99(3), 332–358 (2005)CrossRef Chen, X., Flynn, P.J., Bowyer, K.W.: IR and visible light face recognition. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 99(3), 332–358 (2005)CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Cheng, S.Y., Park, S., Trivedi, M.: Multiperspective thermal ir and video arrays for 3d body tracking and driver activity analysis. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2005) Cheng, S.Y., Park, S., Trivedi, M.: Multiperspective thermal ir and video arrays for 3d body tracking and driver activity analysis. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2005)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Cilulko, J., Janiszewski, P., Bogdaszewski, M., Szczygielska, E.: Infrared thermal imaging in studies of wild animals. Eur. J. Wildl. Res. 59(1), 17–23 (2013)CrossRef Cilulko, J., Janiszewski, P., Bogdaszewski, M., Szczygielska, E.: Infrared thermal imaging in studies of wild animals. Eur. J. Wildl. Res. 59(1), 17–23 (2013)CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Correa, M., Hermosilla, G., Verschae, R.: Ruiz-del Solar, J.: Human detection and identification by robots using thermal and visual information in domestic environments. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 66, 223–243 (2012) Correa, M., Hermosilla, G., Verschae, R.: Ruiz-del Solar, J.: Human detection and identification by robots using thermal and visual information in domestic environments. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 66, 223–243 (2012)
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Dai, C., Zheng, Y., Li, X.: Layered representation for pedestrian detection and tracking in infrared imagery. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2005) Dai, C., Zheng, Y., Li, X.: Layered representation for pedestrian detection and tracking in infrared imagery. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (2005)
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Dai, C., Zheng, Y., Li, X.: Pedestrian detection and tracking in infrared imagery using shape and appearance. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 106(2–3), 288–299 (2007)CrossRef Dai, C., Zheng, Y., Li, X.: Pedestrian detection and tracking in infrared imagery using shape and appearance. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 106(2–3), 288–299 (2007)CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Danese, G., Giachero, M., Leporati, F., Nazzicari, N., Nobis, M.: An embedded acquisition system for remote monitoring of tire status in F1 race cars through thermal images. In: 11th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design Architectures, Methods and Tools (2008) Danese, G., Giachero, M., Leporati, F., Nazzicari, N., Nobis, M.: An embedded acquisition system for remote monitoring of tire status in F1 race cars through thermal images. In: 11th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design Architectures, Methods and Tools (2008)
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis, J.W., Keck, M.A.: A two-stage template approach to person detection in thermal imagery. In: Seventh IEEE Workshops on Application of Computer Vision (2005) Davis, J.W., Keck, M.A.: A two-stage template approach to person detection in thermal imagery. In: Seventh IEEE Workshops on Application of Computer Vision (2005)
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis, J.W., Sharma, V.: Robust detection of people in thermal imagery. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (2004) Davis, J.W., Sharma, V.: Robust detection of people in thermal imagery. In: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (2004)
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Davis, J.W., Sharma, V.: Background-subtraction using contour-based fusion of thermal and visible imagery. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 106(23), 162–182 (2007)CrossRef Davis, J.W., Sharma, V.: Background-subtraction using contour-based fusion of thermal and visible imagery. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 106(23), 162–182 (2007)CrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Dikic, D., Kolaric, D., Lisicic, D., Benkovic, V., Horvat-Knezevic, A., Tadic, Z., Skolnik-Gadanac, K., Orsolic, N.: Use of thermography in studies of thermodynamics in frogs exposed to different ambiental temperatures. In: ELMAR (2011) Dikic, D., Kolaric, D., Lisicic, D., Benkovic, V., Horvat-Knezevic, A., Tadic, Z., Skolnik-Gadanac, K., Orsolic, N.: Use of thermography in studies of thermodynamics in frogs exposed to different ambiental temperatures. In: ELMAR (2011)
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Dunbar, M.R., MacCarthy, K.A.: Use of infrared thermography to detect signs of rabies infection in raccoons (procyon lotor). J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 37(4), 518–523 (2006)CrossRef Dunbar, M.R., MacCarthy, K.A.: Use of infrared thermography to detect signs of rabies infection in raccoons (procyon lotor). J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 37(4), 518–523 (2006)CrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Fan, K.C., Lin, C.L.: The use of thermal images of palm-dorsa vein-patterns for biometric verification. In: 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (2004) Fan, K.C., Lin, C.L.: The use of thermal images of palm-dorsa vein-patterns for biometric verification. In: 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (2004)
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Fang, Y., Yamada, K., Ninomiya, Y., Horn, B.K.P., Masaki, I.: A shape-independent method for pedestrian detection with far-infrared images. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 53(6), 1679–1697 (2004)CrossRef Fang, Y., Yamada, K., Ninomiya, Y., Horn, B.K.P., Masaki, I.: A shape-independent method for pedestrian detection with far-infrared images. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 53(6), 1679–1697 (2004)CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Fardi, B., Schuenert, U., Wanielik, G.: Shape and motion-based pedestrian detection in infrared images: a multi sensor approach. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2005) Fardi, B., Schuenert, U., Wanielik, G.: Shape and motion-based pedestrian detection in infrared images: a multi sensor approach. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2005)
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Fehlman, W.L., Hinders, M.K.: Mobile Robot Navigation with Intelligent Infrared Image. Springer, Berlin (2010) Fehlman, W.L., Hinders, M.K.: Mobile Robot Navigation with Intelligent Infrared Image. Springer, Berlin (2010)
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Fernández-Caballero, A., Castillo, J.C., Martínez-Cantos, J., Martínez-Tomás, R.: Optical flow or image subtraction in human detection from infrared camera on mobile robot. Robot. Auton. Syst. 58(12), 1273–1281 (2010)CrossRef Fernández-Caballero, A., Castillo, J.C., Martínez-Cantos, J., Martínez-Tomás, R.: Optical flow or image subtraction in human detection from infrared camera on mobile robot. Robot. Auton. Syst. 58(12), 1273–1281 (2010)CrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Fernández-Caballero, A., Castillo, J.C., Serrano-Cuerda, J., Maldonado-Bascón, S.: Real-time human segmentation in infrared videos. Expert Syst. Appl. 38(3), 2577–2584 (2011)CrossRef Fernández-Caballero, A., Castillo, J.C., Serrano-Cuerda, J., Maldonado-Bascón, S.: Real-time human segmentation in infrared videos. Expert Syst. Appl. 38(3), 2577–2584 (2011)CrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat FLIR: BMW incorporates thermal imaging cameras in its cars. Application story (2011). FLIR Commercial Vision Systems B.V. FLIR: BMW incorporates thermal imaging cameras in its cars. Application story (2011). FLIR Commercial Vision Systems B.V.
48.
Zurück zum Zitat FLIR: Cooled versus uncooled cameras for long range surveillance. Tehnical note (2011). FLIR Commercial Vision Systems B.V. FLIR: Cooled versus uncooled cameras for long range surveillance. Tehnical note (2011). FLIR Commercial Vision Systems B.V.
49.
Zurück zum Zitat FLIR: Uncooled detectors for thermal imaging cameras. Tehnical note (2011). FLIR Commercial Vision Systems B.V. FLIR: Uncooled detectors for thermal imaging cameras. Tehnical note (2011). FLIR Commercial Vision Systems B.V.
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Gade, R., Jørgensen, A., Moeslund, T.B.: Occupancy analysis of sports arenas using thermal imaging. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Applications (2012) Gade, R., Jørgensen, A., Moeslund, T.B.: Occupancy analysis of sports arenas using thermal imaging. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Applications (2012)
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Gade, R., Jørgensen, A., Moeslund, T.B.: Long-term occupancy analysis using graph-based optimisation in thermal imagery. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2013) Gade, R., Jørgensen, A., Moeslund, T.B.: Long-term occupancy analysis using graph-based optimisation in thermal imagery. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2013)
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Gade, R., Moeslund, T.B.: Sports type classification using signature heatmaps. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2013) Gade, R., Moeslund, T.B.: Sports type classification using signature heatmaps. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2013)
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Gault, T., Mostafa, E., Farag, A., Farag, A.: Less is more: cropping to improve facial recognition with thermal images. In: International Conference on Multimedia Technology (2011) Gault, T., Mostafa, E., Farag, A., Farag, A.: Less is more: cropping to improve facial recognition with thermal images. In: International Conference on Multimedia Technology (2011)
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Gault, T.R., Farag, A.A.: A fully automatic method to extract the heart rate from thermal video. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2013) Gault, T.R., Farag, A.A.: A fully automatic method to extract the heart rate from thermal video. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2013)
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Gnee, N.S.: A study of hand vein, neck vein and arm vein extraction for authentication. In: 7th International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing (2009) Gnee, N.S.: A study of hand vein, neck vein and arm vein extraction for authentication. In: 7th International Conference on Information, Communications and Signal Processing (2009)
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Gowen, A.A., Tiwari, B.K., Cullen, P.J., McDonnell, K., O’Donnell, C.P.: Applications of thermal imaging in food quality and safety assessment. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 21(4), 190–200 (2010)CrossRef Gowen, A.A., Tiwari, B.K., Cullen, P.J., McDonnell, K., O’Donnell, C.P.: Applications of thermal imaging in food quality and safety assessment. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 21(4), 190–200 (2010)CrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Grinzato, E., Bison, P., Marinetti, S.: Monitoring of ancient buildings by the thermal method. J. Cult. Heritage 3(1), 21–29 (2002)CrossRef Grinzato, E., Bison, P., Marinetti, S.: Monitoring of ancient buildings by the thermal method. J. Cult. Heritage 3(1), 21–29 (2002)CrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Guzman, A., Goryawala, M., Adjouadi, M.: Generating thermal facial signatures using thermal infrared images. In: IEEE International Conference on Emerging Signal Processing Applications (2012) Guzman, A., Goryawala, M., Adjouadi, M.: Generating thermal facial signatures using thermal infrared images. In: IEEE International Conference on Emerging Signal Processing Applications (2012)
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Guzman, A.M., Goryawala, M., Wang, J., Barreto, A., Andrian, J., Rishe, N., Adjouadi, M.: Thermal imaging as a biometrics approach to facial signature authentication. IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inf. 17(1), 214–222 (2013)CrossRef Guzman, A.M., Goryawala, M., Wang, J., Barreto, A., Andrian, J., Rishe, N., Adjouadi, M.: Thermal imaging as a biometrics approach to facial signature authentication. IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inf. 17(1), 214–222 (2013)CrossRef
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Han, J., Bhanu, B.: Human activity recognition in thermal infrared imagery. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2005) Han, J., Bhanu, B.: Human activity recognition in thermal infrared imagery. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2005)
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Harangi, B., Csordás, T., Hajdu, A.: Detecting the excessive activation of the ciliaris muscle on thermal images. In: IEEE 9th International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics (2011) Harangi, B., Csordás, T., Hajdu, A.: Detecting the excessive activation of the ciliaris muscle on thermal images. In: IEEE 9th International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics (2011)
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Hardy, J.D.: The radiation of heat from the human body. III. the human skin as a black-body radiator. J. Clin. Investig. 13(4), 615–620 (1934) (American Society for Clinical Investigation) Hardy, J.D.: The radiation of heat from the human body. III. the human skin as a black-body radiator. J. Clin. Investig. 13(4), 615–620 (1934) (American Society for Clinical Investigation)
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Harmer, K., Yue, S., Guo, K., Adams, K., Hunter, A.: Automatic blush detection in “concealed information” test using visual stimuli. In: International Conference of Soft Computing and Pattern Recognition (2010) Harmer, K., Yue, S., Guo, K., Adams, K., Hunter, A.: Automatic blush detection in “concealed information” test using visual stimuli. In: International Conference of Soft Computing and Pattern Recognition (2010)
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Heo, J., Kong, S.G., Abidi, B.R., Abidi, M.A.: Fusion of visual and thermal signatures with eyeglass removal for robust face recognition. In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2004) Heo, J., Kong, S.G., Abidi, B.R., Abidi, M.A.: Fusion of visual and thermal signatures with eyeglass removal for robust face recognition. In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2004)
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Hilsenstein, V.: Surface reconstruction of water waves using thermographic stereo imaging. In: Proceedings of Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (2005) Hilsenstein, V.: Surface reconstruction of water waves using thermographic stereo imaging. In: Proceedings of Image and Vision Computing New Zealand (2005)
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoegner, L., Stilla, U.: Thermal leakage detection on building facades using infrared textures generated by mobile mapping. In: Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (2009) Hoegner, L., Stilla, U.: Thermal leakage detection on building facades using infrared textures generated by mobile mapping. In: Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (2009)
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Hu, Z., Xie, Z., Ci, Y., Wei, W.: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, pp. 361–367. Molten steel level measuring method by thermal image analysis in tundish. In: Recent Advances in Computer Science and Information Engineering. Springer, Berlin (2012) Hu, Z., Xie, Z., Ci, Y., Wei, W.: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, pp. 361–367. Molten steel level measuring method by thermal image analysis in tundish. In: Recent Advances in Computer Science and Information Engineering. Springer, Berlin (2012)
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Hurnik, J.F., Boer, S.D., Webster, A.B.: Detection of health disorders in dairy cattle utilizing a thermal infrared scanning technique. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 64(4), 1071–1073 (1984)CrossRef Hurnik, J.F., Boer, S.D., Webster, A.B.: Detection of health disorders in dairy cattle utilizing a thermal infrared scanning technique. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 64(4), 1071–1073 (1984)CrossRef
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Hwang, J.H., Jun, S., Kim, S.H., Cha, D., Jeon, K., Lee, J.: Novel fire detection device for robotic fire fighting. In: International Conference on Control Automation and Systems (2010) Hwang, J.H., Jun, S., Kim, S.H., Cha, D., Jeon, K., Lee, J.: Novel fire detection device for robotic fire fighting. In: International Conference on Control Automation and Systems (2010)
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Irani, M., Anandan, P.: Robust multi-sensor image alignment. In: Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision (1998) Irani, M., Anandan, P.: Robust multi-sensor image alignment. In: Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision (1998)
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Istenic, R., Heric, D., Ribaric, S., Zazula, D.: Thermal and visual image registration in hough parameter space. In: 14th International Workshop on Systems, Signals and Image Processing and 6th EURASIP Conference focused on Speech and Image Processing, Multimedia Communications and Services (2007) Istenic, R., Heric, D., Ribaric, S., Zazula, D.: Thermal and visual image registration in hough parameter space. In: 14th International Workshop on Systems, Signals and Image Processing and 6th EURASIP Conference focused on Speech and Image Processing, Multimedia Communications and Services (2007)
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Iwasawa, S., Ebihara, K., Ohya, J., Morishima, S.: Real-time estimation of human body posture from monocular thermal images. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (1997) Iwasawa, S., Ebihara, K., Ohya, J., Morishima, S.: Real-time estimation of human body posture from monocular thermal images. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (1997)
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Iwaszczuk, D., Hoegner, L., Stilla, U.: Matching of 3D building models with IR images for texture extraction. In: Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (2011) Iwaszczuk, D., Hoegner, L., Stilla, U.: Matching of 3D building models with IR images for texture extraction. In: Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (2011)
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Jadin, M.S., Ghazali, K.H., Taib, S.: Thermal condition monitoring of electrical installations based on infrared image analysis. In: Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (2013) Jadin, M.S., Ghazali, K.H., Taib, S.: Thermal condition monitoring of electrical installations based on infrared image analysis. In: Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (2013)
79.
Zurück zum Zitat James, K., Rice, D.: Finding termites with thermal imaging. In: InfraMation (2002) James, K., Rice, D.: Finding termites with thermal imaging. In: InfraMation (2002)
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiang, G., Kang, L.: Character analysis of facial expression thermal image. In: IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (2007) Jiang, G., Kang, L.: Character analysis of facial expression thermal image. In: IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering (2007)
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiang, L., Tian, F., Shen, L.E., Wu, S., Yao, S., Lu, Z., Xu, L.: Perceptual-based fusion of IR and visual images for human detection. In: International Symposium on Intelligent Multimedia, Video and Speech Processing (2004) Jiang, L., Tian, F., Shen, L.E., Wu, S., Yao, S., Lu, Z., Xu, L.: Perceptual-based fusion of IR and visual images for human detection. In: International Symposium on Intelligent Multimedia, Video and Speech Processing (2004)
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Jo, A., Jang, G.J., Seo, Y., Park, J.S.: Performance improvement of human detection using thermal imaging cameras based on mahalanobis distance and edge orientation histogram. In: Information Technology Convergence, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol. 253, pp. 817–825 (2013) Jo, A., Jang, G.J., Seo, Y., Park, J.S.: Performance improvement of human detection using thermal imaging cameras based on mahalanobis distance and edge orientation histogram. In: Information Technology Convergence, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol. 253, pp. 817–825 (2013)
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson, M.J., Bajcsy, P.: Integration of thermal and visible imagery for robust foreground detection in tele-immersive spaces. In: 11th International Conference on Information Fusion (2008) Johnson, M.J., Bajcsy, P.: Integration of thermal and visible imagery for robust foreground detection in tele-immersive spaces. In: 11th International Conference on Information Fusion (2008)
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Jones, B.F., Plassmann, P.: Digital infrared thermal imaging of human skin. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. 21(6), 41–48 (2002)CrossRef Jones, B.F., Plassmann, P.: Digital infrared thermal imaging of human skin. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. 21(6), 41–48 (2002)CrossRef
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Jones, G., Harding, C., Leung, V.: Fusion of data from visual and low-resolution thermal cameras for surveillance. IEE Seminar Digests 10062, 17–17 (2003) Jones, G., Harding, C., Leung, V.: Fusion of data from visual and low-resolution thermal cameras for surveillance. IEE Seminar Digests 10062, 17–17 (2003)
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Jones, G.D., Hodgetts, M.A., Allsop, R.E., Sumpter, N., Vicencio-Silva, M.A.: A novel approach for surveillance using visual and thermal images. In: A DERA/IEE Workshop on Intelligent Sensor Processing, 9/1–9/19 (2001) Jones, G.D., Hodgetts, M.A., Allsop, R.E., Sumpter, N., Vicencio-Silva, M.A.: A novel approach for surveillance using visual and thermal images. In: A DERA/IEE Workshop on Intelligent Sensor Processing, 9/1–9/19 (2001)
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Jüngling, K., Arens, M.: Feature based person detection beyond the visible spectrum. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2009) Jüngling, K., Arens, M.: Feature based person detection beyond the visible spectrum. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2009)
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Jüngling, K., Arens, M.: Local feature based person detection and tracking beyond the visible spectrum. In: Machine Vision Beyond Visible Spectrum, Augmented Vision and Reality, pp. 3–32. Springer, Berlin (2011) Jüngling, K., Arens, M.: Local feature based person detection and tracking beyond the visible spectrum. In: Machine Vision Beyond Visible Spectrum, Augmented Vision and Reality, pp. 3–32. Springer, Berlin (2011)
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Kallhammer, J.E., Eriksson, D., Granlund, G., Felsberg, M., Moe, A., Johansson, B., Wiklund, J., Forssen, P.E.: Near zone pedestrian detection using a low-resolution FIR sensor. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2007) Kallhammer, J.E., Eriksson, D., Granlund, G., Felsberg, M., Moe, A., Johansson, B., Wiklund, J., Forssen, P.E.: Near zone pedestrian detection using a low-resolution FIR sensor. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2007)
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaplan, H.: Practical Applications of Infrared Thermal Sensing and Imaging Equipment, 3rd edn. SPIE Press (2007) Kaplan, H.: Practical Applications of Infrared Thermal Sensing and Imaging Equipment, 3rd edn. SPIE Press (2007)
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Kastek, M., Dulski, R., Trzaskawka, P., Sosnowski, T., Madura, H.: Concept of infrared sensor module for sniper detection system. In: 35th International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves (2010) Kastek, M., Dulski, R., Trzaskawka, P., Sosnowski, T., Madura, H.: Concept of infrared sensor module for sniper detection system. In: 35th International Conference on Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves (2010)
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Kato, T., Fujii, T., Tanimoto, M.: Detection of driver’s posture in the car by using far infrared camera. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2004) Kato, T., Fujii, T., Tanimoto, M.: Detection of driver’s posture in the car by using far infrared camera. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2004)
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Kheiralipour, K., Ahmadi, H., Rajabipour, A., Rafiee, S., Javan-Nikkhah, M., Jayas, D.: Development of a new threshold based classification model for analyzing thermal imaging data to detect fungal infection of pistachio kernel. Agric. Res. 2(2), 127–131 (2013)CrossRef Kheiralipour, K., Ahmadi, H., Rajabipour, A., Rafiee, S., Javan-Nikkhah, M., Jayas, D.: Development of a new threshold based classification model for analyzing thermal imaging data to detect fungal infection of pistachio kernel. Agric. Res. 2(2), 127–131 (2013)CrossRef
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Kido, S., Miyasaka, T., Tanaka, T., Shimizu, T., Saga, T.: Fall detection in toilet rooms using thermal imaging sensors. In: IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (2009) Kido, S., Miyasaka, T., Tanaka, T., Shimizu, T., Saga, T.: Fall detection in toilet rooms using thermal imaging sensors. In: IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (2009)
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Kolli, A., Fasih, A., Al Machot, F., Kyamakya, K.: Non-intrusive car driver’s emotion recognition using thermal camera. In: Joint 3rd International Workshop on Nonlinear Dynamics and Synchronization and 16th International Symposium on Theoretical, Electrical Engineering (2011) Kolli, A., Fasih, A., Al Machot, F., Kyamakya, K.: Non-intrusive car driver’s emotion recognition using thermal camera. In: Joint 3rd International Workshop on Nonlinear Dynamics and Synchronization and 16th International Symposium on Theoretical, Electrical Engineering (2011)
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Kondo, K., Kakuta, N., Chinzei, T., Nasu, Y., Suzuki, T., Saito, T., Wagatsuma, A., Ishigaki, H., Mabuchi, K.: Thermal rhythmography–topograms of the spectral analysis of fluctuations in skin temperature. In: 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (2001) Kondo, K., Kakuta, N., Chinzei, T., Nasu, Y., Suzuki, T., Saito, T., Wagatsuma, A., Ishigaki, H., Mabuchi, K.: Thermal rhythmography–topograms of the spectral analysis of fluctuations in skin temperature. In: 23rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (2001)
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Kong, S., Heo, J., Boughorbel, F., Zheng, Y., Abidi, B., Koschan, A., Yi, M., Abidi, M.: Multiscale fusion of visible and thermal IR images for illumination-invariant face recognition. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 71, 215–233 (2007)CrossRef Kong, S., Heo, J., Boughorbel, F., Zheng, Y., Abidi, B., Koschan, A., Yi, M., Abidi, M.: Multiscale fusion of visible and thermal IR images for illumination-invariant face recognition. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 71, 215–233 (2007)CrossRef
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Krotosky, S., Cheng, S., Trivedi, M.: Face detection and head tracking using stereo and thermal infrared cameras for “smart” airbags: a comparative analysis. In: The 7th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (2004) Krotosky, S., Cheng, S., Trivedi, M.: Face detection and head tracking using stereo and thermal infrared cameras for “smart” airbags: a comparative analysis. In: The 7th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (2004)
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Krotosky, S.J., Trivedi, M.M.: On color-, infrared-, and multimodal-stereo approaches to pedestrian detection. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 8(4), 619–629 (2007)CrossRef Krotosky, S.J., Trivedi, M.M.: On color-, infrared-, and multimodal-stereo approaches to pedestrian detection. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 8(4), 619–629 (2007)CrossRef
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Krotosky, S.J., Trivedi, M.M.: Person surveillance using visual and infrared imagery. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 18(8), 1096–1105 (2008)CrossRef Krotosky, S.J., Trivedi, M.M.: Person surveillance using visual and infrared imagery. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 18(8), 1096–1105 (2008)CrossRef
101.
Zurück zum Zitat Kumar, P., Mittal, A., Kumar, P.: Fusion of thermal infrared and visible spectrum video for robust surveillance. In: Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 528–539. Springer, Berlin (2006) Kumar, P., Mittal, A., Kumar, P.: Fusion of thermal infrared and visible spectrum video for robust surveillance. In: Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 528–539. Springer, Berlin (2006)
102.
Zurück zum Zitat Lahiri, B., Bagavathiappan, S., Jayakumar, T., Philip, J.: Medical applications of infrared thermography: a review. Infrared Phys. Technol. 55(4), 221–235 (2012)CrossRef Lahiri, B., Bagavathiappan, S., Jayakumar, T., Philip, J.: Medical applications of infrared thermography: a review. Infrared Phys. Technol. 55(4), 221–235 (2012)CrossRef
103.
Zurück zum Zitat Lallier, E., Farooq, M.: A real time pixel-level based image fusion via adaptive weight averaging. In: Third International Conference on Information Fusion (2000) Lallier, E., Farooq, M.: A real time pixel-level based image fusion via adaptive weight averaging. In: Third International Conference on Information Fusion (2000)
104.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee, S., Shah, G., Bhattacharya, A., Motai, Y.: Human tracking with an infrared camera using a curve matching framework. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2012, 1–15 (2012)CrossRef Lee, S., Shah, G., Bhattacharya, A., Motai, Y.: Human tracking with an infrared camera using a curve matching framework. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2012, 1–15 (2012)CrossRef
105.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee, S.K., McHenry, K., Kooper, R., Bajcsy, P.: Characterizing human subjects in real-time and three-dimensional spaces by integrating thermal-infrared and visible spectrum cameras. In: IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (2009) Lee, S.K., McHenry, K., Kooper, R., Bajcsy, P.: Characterizing human subjects in real-time and three-dimensional spaces by integrating thermal-infrared and visible spectrum cameras. In: IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (2009)
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Lerma, J.L., Mileto, C., Vegas, F., Cabrelles, M.: Visible and thermal IR documentation of a masonry brickwork building. In: CIPA XXI International Symposium, vol. XXXVI-5/C53, 456–459. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences (2007) Lerma, J.L., Mileto, C., Vegas, F., Cabrelles, M.: Visible and thermal IR documentation of a masonry brickwork building. In: CIPA XXI International Symposium, vol. XXXVI-5/C53, 456–459. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences (2007)
107.
Zurück zum Zitat Lewis, A.W., Yuen, S.T.S., Smith, A.J.R.: Detection of gas leakage from landfills using infrared thermography—applicability and limitations. Waste Manage. Res. 21(5), 436–447 (2003)CrossRef Lewis, A.W., Yuen, S.T.S., Smith, A.J.R.: Detection of gas leakage from landfills using infrared thermography—applicability and limitations. Waste Manage. Res. 21(5), 436–447 (2003)CrossRef
108.
Zurück zum Zitat Leykin, A., Hammoud, R.: Robust multi-pedestrian tracking in thermal-visible surveillance videos. In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2006) Leykin, A., Hammoud, R.: Robust multi-pedestrian tracking in thermal-visible surveillance videos. In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2006)
109.
Zurück zum Zitat Leykin, A., Hammoud, R.: Real-time estimation of human attention field in LWIR and color surveillance videos. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2008) Leykin, A., Hammoud, R.: Real-time estimation of human attention field in LWIR and color surveillance videos. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2008)
110.
Zurück zum Zitat Leykin, A., Hammoud, R.: Pedestrian tracking by fusion of thermal-visible surveillance videos. Mach. Vis. Appl. 21, 587–595 (2010)CrossRef Leykin, A., Hammoud, R.: Pedestrian tracking by fusion of thermal-visible surveillance videos. Mach. Vis. Appl. 21, 587–595 (2010)CrossRef
111.
Zurück zum Zitat Leykin, A., Ran, Y., Hammoud, R.: Thermal-visible video fusion for moving target tracking and pedestrian classification. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007) Leykin, A., Ran, Y., Hammoud, R.: Thermal-visible video fusion for moving target tracking and pedestrian classification. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007)
112.
Zurück zum Zitat Li, W., Zheng, D., Zhao, T., Yang, M.: An effective approach to pedestrian detection in thermal imagery. In: Eighth International Conference on Natural Computation (2012) Li, W., Zheng, D., Zhao, T., Yang, M.: An effective approach to pedestrian detection in thermal imagery. In: Eighth International Conference on Natural Computation (2012)
113.
Zurück zum Zitat Li, Z., Yao, W., Lee, S., Lee, C., Yang, Z.: Application of infrared thermography technique in building finish evaluation. J. Nondestruct. Eval. 19, 11–19 (2000)CrossRef Li, Z., Yao, W., Lee, S., Lee, C., Yang, Z.: Application of infrared thermography technique in building finish evaluation. J. Nondestruct. Eval. 19, 11–19 (2000)CrossRef
114.
Zurück zum Zitat Li, Z., Zhang, J., Wu, Q., Geers, G.: Feature enhancement using gradient salience on thermal image. In: International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (2010) Li, Z., Zhang, J., Wu, Q., Geers, G.: Feature enhancement using gradient salience on thermal image. In: International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (2010)
115.
Zurück zum Zitat Lin, C.L., Fan, K.C.: Biometric verification using thermal images of palm-dorsa vein patterns. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 14(2), 199–213 (2004)CrossRef Lin, C.L., Fan, K.C.: Biometric verification using thermal images of palm-dorsa vein patterns. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 14(2), 199–213 (2004)CrossRef
116.
Zurück zum Zitat Mahlisch, M., Oberlander, M., Lohlein, O., Gavrila, D., Ritter, W.: A multiple detector approach to low-resolution FIR pedestrian recognition. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2005) Mahlisch, M., Oberlander, M., Lohlein, O., Gavrila, D., Ritter, W.: A multiple detector approach to low-resolution FIR pedestrian recognition. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2005)
117.
Zurück zum Zitat Mahmoud, A., EL-Barkouky, A., Farag, H., Graham, J., Farag, A.: A non-invasive method for measuring blood flow rate in superficial veins from a single thermal image. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2013) Mahmoud, A., EL-Barkouky, A., Farag, H., Graham, J., Farag, A.: A non-invasive method for measuring blood flow rate in superficial veins from a single thermal image. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2013)
118.
Zurück zum Zitat Mano, H., Kon, K., Sato, N., Ito, M., Mizumoto, H., Goto, K., Chatterjee, R., Matsuno, F.: Treaded control system for rescue robots in indoor environment. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (2009) Mano, H., Kon, K., Sato, N., Ito, M., Mizumoto, H., Goto, K., Chatterjee, R., Matsuno, F.: Treaded control system for rescue robots in indoor environment. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (2009)
119.
Zurück zum Zitat Martinez-De Dios, J.R., Ollero, A.: Automatic detection of windows thermal heat losses in buildings using UAVs. In: World Automation Congress (2006) Martinez-De Dios, J.R., Ollero, A.: Automatic detection of windows thermal heat losses in buildings using UAVs. In: World Automation Congress (2006)
120.
Zurück zum Zitat Meis, U., Oberlander, M., Ritter, W.: Reinforcing the reliability of pedestrian detection in far-infrared sensing. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2004) Meis, U., Oberlander, M., Ritter, W.: Reinforcing the reliability of pedestrian detection in far-infrared sensing. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2004)
121.
Zurück zum Zitat Mekyska, J., Espinosa-Duro and, V., Faundez-Zanuy, M.: Face segmentation: a comparison between visible and thermal images. In: IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (2010) Mekyska, J., Espinosa-Duro and, V., Faundez-Zanuy, M.: Face segmentation: a comparison between visible and thermal images. In: IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (2010)
122.
Zurück zum Zitat Memarian, N., Chau, T., Venetsanopoulos, A.N.: Application of infrared thermal imaging in rehabilitation engineering: Preliminary results. In: IEEE Toronto International Conference Science and Technology for Humanity (2009) Memarian, N., Chau, T., Venetsanopoulos, A.N.: Application of infrared thermal imaging in rehabilitation engineering: Preliminary results. In: IEEE Toronto International Conference Science and Technology for Humanity (2009)
123.
Zurück zum Zitat Meneses, J., Briz, S., de Castro, A.J., Melendez, J., Lopez, F.: A new method for imaging of carbon monoxide in combustion environments. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68(6), 2568–2573 (1997)CrossRef Meneses, J., Briz, S., de Castro, A.J., Melendez, J., Lopez, F.: A new method for imaging of carbon monoxide in combustion environments. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68(6), 2568–2573 (1997)CrossRef
125.
Zurück zum Zitat Meyer, L.H., Jayaram, S.H., Cherney, E.A.: A novel technique to evaluate the erosion resistance of silicone rubber composites for high voltage outdoor insulation using infrared laser erosion. IEEE Trans. Dielectrics Electr. Insulation 12(6), 1201–1208 (2005)CrossRef Meyer, L.H., Jayaram, S.H., Cherney, E.A.: A novel technique to evaluate the erosion resistance of silicone rubber composites for high voltage outdoor insulation using infrared laser erosion. IEEE Trans. Dielectrics Electr. Insulation 12(6), 1201–1208 (2005)CrossRef
127.
Zurück zum Zitat Moon, S., Kong, S.G., Yoo, J.H., Chung, K.: Face recognition with multiscale data fusion of visible and thermal images. In: IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Homeland Security and Personal Safety (2006) Moon, S., Kong, S.G., Yoo, J.H., Chung, K.: Face recognition with multiscale data fusion of visible and thermal images. In: IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Homeland Security and Personal Safety (2006)
128.
Zurück zum Zitat Nanda, H., Davis, L.: Probabilistic template based pedestrian detection in infrared videos. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symposium (2002) Nanda, H., Davis, L.: Probabilistic template based pedestrian detection in infrared videos. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symposium (2002)
129.
Zurück zum Zitat Neagoe, V.E., Ropot, A.D., Mugioiu, A.C.: Real time face recognition using decision fusion of neural classifiers in the visible and thermal infrared spectrum. In: IEEE Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (2007) Neagoe, V.E., Ropot, A.D., Mugioiu, A.C.: Real time face recognition using decision fusion of neural classifiers in the visible and thermal infrared spectrum. In: IEEE Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (2007)
130.
Zurück zum Zitat Ng, Y.M.H., Yu, M., Huang, Y., Du, R.: Diagnosis of sheet metal stamping processes based on 3-D thermal energy distribution. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 4(1), 22–30 (2007)CrossRef Ng, Y.M.H., Yu, M., Huang, Y., Du, R.: Diagnosis of sheet metal stamping processes based on 3-D thermal energy distribution. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 4(1), 22–30 (2007)CrossRef
131.
Zurück zum Zitat Ó Conaire, C., Cooke, E., O’Connor, N., Murphy, N., Smeaton, A.: Background modelling in infrared and visible spectrum video for people tracking. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, p. 20 (2005) Ó Conaire, C., Cooke, E., O’Connor, N., Murphy, N., Smeaton, A.: Background modelling in infrared and visible spectrum video for people tracking. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, p. 20 (2005)
132.
Zurück zum Zitat Ó Conaire, C., Cooke, E., O’Connor, N.E., Murphy, N., Smeaton, A.F.: Fusion of infrared and visible spectrum video for indoor surveillance. In: 6th International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2005) Ó Conaire, C., Cooke, E., O’Connor, N.E., Murphy, N., Smeaton, A.F.: Fusion of infrared and visible spectrum video for indoor surveillance. In: 6th International Workshop on Image Analysis for Multimedia Interactive Services (2005)
133.
Zurück zum Zitat Ó Conaire, C., O’Connor, N., Cooke, E., Smeaton, A.: Comparison of fusion methods for thermo-visual surveillance tracking. In: 9th International Conference on Information Fusion (2006) Ó Conaire, C., O’Connor, N., Cooke, E., Smeaton, A.: Comparison of fusion methods for thermo-visual surveillance tracking. In: 9th International Conference on Information Fusion (2006)
134.
Zurück zum Zitat Ohel, E., Rotman, S.R., Blumberg, D.G., Sagiv, L.: Anomaly gas remote sensing and tracking using a field-portable imaging thermal radiometric spectrometer. In: IEEE 24th Convention of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel (2006) Ohel, E., Rotman, S.R., Blumberg, D.G., Sagiv, L.: Anomaly gas remote sensing and tracking using a field-portable imaging thermal radiometric spectrometer. In: IEEE 24th Convention of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel (2006)
135.
Zurück zum Zitat Olmeda, D., de la Escalera, A., Armingol, J.: Contrast invariant features for human detection in far infrared images. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2012) Olmeda, D., de la Escalera, A., Armingol, J.: Contrast invariant features for human detection in far infrared images. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2012)
136.
Zurück zum Zitat Olmeda, D., de la Escalera, A., Armingol, J.M.: Detection and tracking of pedestrians in infrared images. In: 3rd International Conference on Signals, Circuits and Systems (2009) Olmeda, D., de la Escalera, A., Armingol, J.M.: Detection and tracking of pedestrians in infrared images. In: 3rd International Conference on Signals, Circuits and Systems (2009)
137.
Zurück zum Zitat Padole, C.N., Alexandre, L.A.: Motion based particle filter for human tracking with thermal imaging. In: 3rd International Conference on Emerging Trends in, Engineering and Technology (2010) Padole, C.N., Alexandre, L.A.: Motion based particle filter for human tracking with thermal imaging. In: 3rd International Conference on Emerging Trends in, Engineering and Technology (2010)
138.
Zurück zum Zitat Padole, C.N., Alexandre, L.A.: Wigner distribution based motion tracking of human beings using thermal imaging. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2010) Padole, C.N., Alexandre, L.A.: Wigner distribution based motion tracking of human beings using thermal imaging. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2010)
140.
Zurück zum Zitat Paugam, R., Wooster, M., Roberts, G.: Use of handheld thermal imager data for airborne mapping of fire radiative power and energy and flame front rate of spread. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing 51(6), 3385–3399 (2013)CrossRef Paugam, R., Wooster, M., Roberts, G.: Use of handheld thermal imager data for airborne mapping of fire radiative power and energy and flame front rate of spread. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing 51(6), 3385–3399 (2013)CrossRef
141.
Zurück zum Zitat Pavlidis, I., Levine, J., Baukol, P.: Thermal image analysis for anxiety detection. In: International Conference on Image Processing (2001) Pavlidis, I., Levine, J., Baukol, P.: Thermal image analysis for anxiety detection. In: International Conference on Image Processing (2001)
142.
Zurück zum Zitat Peregrina-Barreto, H., Morales-Hernandez, L., Rangel-Magdaleno, J., Vazquez-Rodriguez, P.: Thermal image processing for quantitative determination of temperature variations in plantar angiosomes. In: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (2013) Peregrina-Barreto, H., Morales-Hernandez, L., Rangel-Magdaleno, J., Vazquez-Rodriguez, P.: Thermal image processing for quantitative determination of temperature variations in plantar angiosomes. In: IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (2013)
143.
Zurück zum Zitat Pham, Q.C., Gond, L., Begard, J., Allezard, N., Sayd, P.: Real-time posture analysis in a crowd using thermal imaging. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007) Pham, Q.C., Gond, L., Begard, J., Allezard, N., Sayd, P.: Real-time posture analysis in a crowd using thermal imaging. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007)
145.
Zurück zum Zitat Pop, F.M., Gordan, M., Florea, C., Vlaicu, A.: Fusion based approach for thermal and visible face recognition under pose and expresivity variation. In: 9th Roedunet International Conference (2010) Pop, F.M., Gordan, M., Florea, C., Vlaicu, A.: Fusion based approach for thermal and visible face recognition under pose and expresivity variation. In: 9th Roedunet International Conference (2010)
146.
Zurück zum Zitat Prakash, S., Lee, P.Y., Caelli, T., Raupach, T.: Robust thermal camera calibration and 3D mapping of object surface temperatures (2006) Prakash, S., Lee, P.Y., Caelli, T., Raupach, T.: Robust thermal camera calibration and 3D mapping of object surface temperatures (2006)
147.
Zurück zum Zitat Prata, A.J., Bernardo, C.: Retrieval of volcanic ash particle size, mass and optical depth from a ground-based thermal infrared camera. J. Volcanol. Geothermal Res. 186(12), 91–107 (2009) Prata, A.J., Bernardo, C.: Retrieval of volcanic ash particle size, mass and optical depth from a ground-based thermal infrared camera. J. Volcanol. Geothermal Res. 186(12), 91–107 (2009)
148.
Zurück zum Zitat Price, J., Maraviglia, C., Seisler, W., Williams, E., Pauli, M.: System capabilities, requirements and design of the GDL gunfire detection and location system. In: International Symposium on Information Theory (2004) Price, J., Maraviglia, C., Seisler, W., Williams, E., Pauli, M.: System capabilities, requirements and design of the GDL gunfire detection and location system. In: International Symposium on Information Theory (2004)
150.
Zurück zum Zitat Qi, H., Diakides, N.A.: Thermal infrared imaging in early breast cancer detection—a survey of recent research. In: 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (2003). Qi, H., Diakides, N.A.: Thermal infrared imaging in early breast cancer detection—a survey of recent research. In: 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (2003).
151.
Zurück zum Zitat Ran, Y., Leykin, A., Hammoud, R.: Thermal-visible video fusion for moving target tracking and pedestrian motion analysis and classification. In: Augmented Vision Perception in Infrared, Advances in Pattern Recognition, pp. 349–369. Springer, Berlin (2009) Ran, Y., Leykin, A., Hammoud, R.: Thermal-visible video fusion for moving target tracking and pedestrian motion analysis and classification. In: Augmented Vision Perception in Infrared, Advances in Pattern Recognition, pp. 349–369. Springer, Berlin (2009)
152.
Zurück zum Zitat Rasmussen, N.D., Morse, B.S., Goodrich, M.A., Eggett, D.: Fused visible and infrared video for use in wilderness search and rescue. In: Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (2009) Rasmussen, N.D., Morse, B.S., Goodrich, M.A., Eggett, D.: Fused visible and infrared video for use in wilderness search and rescue. In: Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (2009)
153.
Zurück zum Zitat Ring, E.F.J., Ammer, K.: Infrared thermal imaging in medicine. Physiol. Meas. 33(3), R33 (2012)CrossRef Ring, E.F.J., Ammer, K.: Infrared thermal imaging in medicine. Physiol. Meas. 33(3), R33 (2012)CrossRef
154.
Zurück zum Zitat Rogler, R.D., Lobl, H., Schmidt, J.: A diagnostic system for live electrical joints in power transmission systems. In: Forty-Second IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts. Joint with the 18th International Conference on Electrical Contacts (1996) Rogler, R.D., Lobl, H., Schmidt, J.: A diagnostic system for live electrical joints in power transmission systems. In: Forty-Second IEEE Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts. Joint with the 18th International Conference on Electrical Contacts (1996)
155.
Zurück zum Zitat Rudol, P., Doherty, P.: Human body detection and geolocalization for UAV search and rescue missions using color and thermal imagery. In: IEEE Aerospace Conference (2008) Rudol, P., Doherty, P.: Human body detection and geolocalization for UAV search and rescue missions using color and thermal imagery. In: IEEE Aerospace Conference (2008)
156.
Zurück zum Zitat San-Biagio, M., Crocco, M., Cristani, M., Martelli, S., Murino, V.: Low-level multimodal integration on riemannian manifolds for automatic pedestrian detection. In: 15th International Conference on, Information Fusion (2012) San-Biagio, M., Crocco, M., Cristani, M., Martelli, S., Murino, V.: Low-level multimodal integration on riemannian manifolds for automatic pedestrian detection. In: 15th International Conference on, Information Fusion (2012)
157.
Zurück zum Zitat Sandsten, J., Weibring, P., Edner, H., Svanberg, S.: Real-time gas-correlation imaging employing thermal background radiation. Opt. Express 6(4), 92–103 (2000)CrossRef Sandsten, J., Weibring, P., Edner, H., Svanberg, S.: Real-time gas-correlation imaging employing thermal background radiation. Opt. Express 6(4), 92–103 (2000)CrossRef
158.
Zurück zum Zitat Schweiger, R., Franz, S., Lohlein, O., Ritter, W., Kallhammer, J.E., Franks, J., Krekels, T.: Sensor fusion to enable next generation low cost night vision systems. Opt. Sensing Detect. 7726(1), 772610–772620 (2010) Schweiger, R., Franz, S., Lohlein, O., Ritter, W., Kallhammer, J.E., Franks, J., Krekels, T.: Sensor fusion to enable next generation low cost night vision systems. Opt. Sensing Detect. 7726(1), 772610–772620 (2010)
159.
Zurück zum Zitat Serway, R.A., Jewett, J.W.: Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, 6th edn. Brooks/Cole–Thomson Learning (2004) Serway, R.A., Jewett, J.W.: Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, 6th edn. Brooks/Cole–Thomson Learning (2004)
160.
Zurück zum Zitat Shah, P., Merchant, S.N., Desai, U.B.: Fusion of surveillance images in infrared and visible band using curvelet, wavelet and wavelet packet transform. Int. J. Wavelets Multiresolut. Inf. Process. 08(02), 271–292 (2010)CrossRefMathSciNet Shah, P., Merchant, S.N., Desai, U.B.: Fusion of surveillance images in infrared and visible band using curvelet, wavelet and wavelet packet transform. Int. J. Wavelets Multiresolut. Inf. Process. 08(02), 271–292 (2010)CrossRefMathSciNet
161.
Zurück zum Zitat Siegel, R.: Land mine detection. IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag. 5(4), 22–28 (2002)CrossRef Siegel, R.: Land mine detection. IEEE Instrum. Meas. Mag. 5(4), 22–28 (2002)CrossRef
162.
Zurück zum Zitat Sirmacek, B., Hoegner, L., Stilla, U.: Detection of windows and doors from thermal images by grouping geometrical features. In: Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (2011) Sirmacek, B., Hoegner, L., Stilla, U.: Detection of windows and doors from thermal images by grouping geometrical features. In: Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event (2011)
163.
Zurück zum Zitat Sissinto, P., Ladeji-Osias, J.: Fusion of infrared and visible images using empirical mode decomposition and spatial opponent processing. In: IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (2011) Sissinto, P., Ladeji-Osias, J.: Fusion of infrared and visible images using empirical mode decomposition and spatial opponent processing. In: IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (2011)
164.
Zurück zum Zitat Sixsmith, A., Johnson, N.: A smart sensor to detect the falls of the elderly. IEEE Pervasive Comput. 3(2), 42–47 (2004)CrossRef Sixsmith, A., Johnson, N.: A smart sensor to detect the falls of the elderly. IEEE Pervasive Comput. 3(2), 42–47 (2004)CrossRef
165.
Zurück zum Zitat Skoglar, P., Orguner, U., Törnqvist, D., Gustafsson, F.: Pedestrian tracking with an infrared sensor using road network information. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2012, 1–18 (2012)CrossRef Skoglar, P., Orguner, U., Törnqvist, D., Gustafsson, F.: Pedestrian tracking with an infrared sensor using road network information. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2012, 1–18 (2012)CrossRef
166.
Zurück zum Zitat Socolinsky, D.A., Selinger, A.: Thermal face recognition over time. In: 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (2004) Socolinsky, D.A., Selinger, A.: Thermal face recognition over time. In: 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (2004)
167.
Zurück zum Zitat Socolinsky, D.A., Selinger, A., Neuheisel, J.D.: Face recognition with visible and thermal infrared imagery. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 91(12), 72–114 (2003)CrossRef Socolinsky, D.A., Selinger, A., Neuheisel, J.D.: Face recognition with visible and thermal infrared imagery. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 91(12), 72–114 (2003)CrossRef
168.
Zurück zum Zitat Socolinsky, D.A., Wolff, L.B., Neuheisel, J.D., Eveland, C.K.: Illumination invariant face recognition using thermal infrared imagery. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2001) Socolinsky, D.A., Wolff, L.B., Neuheisel, J.D., Eveland, C.K.: Illumination invariant face recognition using thermal infrared imagery. In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2001)
169.
Zurück zum Zitat Sonn, S., Bilodeau, G.A., Galinier, P.: Fast and accurate registration of visible and infrared videos. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2013) Sonn, S., Bilodeau, G.A., Galinier, P.: Fast and accurate registration of visible and infrared videos. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (2013)
171.
Zurück zum Zitat St-Laurent, L., Maldague, X., Prevost, D.: Combination of colour and thermal sensors for enhanced object detection. In: 10th International Conference on Information Fusion (2007) St-Laurent, L., Maldague, X., Prevost, D.: Combination of colour and thermal sensors for enhanced object detection. In: 10th International Conference on Information Fusion (2007)
172.
Zurück zum Zitat Steen, K.A., Villa-Henriksen, A., Therkildsen, O.R., Karstoft, H., Green, O.: Automatic detection of animals using thermal imaging. In: International Conference on Agricultural Engineering (2012) Steen, K.A., Villa-Henriksen, A., Therkildsen, O.R., Karstoft, H., Green, O.: Automatic detection of animals using thermal imaging. In: International Conference on Agricultural Engineering (2012)
173.
Zurück zum Zitat Suard, F., Rakotomamonjy, A., Bensrhair, A., Broggi, A.: Pedestrian detection using infrared images and histograms of oriented gradients. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2006) Suard, F., Rakotomamonjy, A., Bensrhair, A., Broggi, A.: Pedestrian detection using infrared images and histograms of oriented gradients. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (2006)
174.
Zurück zum Zitat Szwoch, G., Szczodrak, M.: Detection of moving objects in images combined from video and thermal cameras. In: Multimedia Communications, Services and Security, Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 368, pp. 262–272 (2013) Szwoch, G., Szczodrak, M.: Detection of moving objects in images combined from video and thermal cameras. In: Multimedia Communications, Services and Security, Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol. 368, pp. 262–272 (2013)
175.
Zurück zum Zitat Toet, A., Hogervorst, M.A.: Towards an optimal color representation for multiband nightvision systems. In: 12th International Conference on Information Fusion (2009) Toet, A., Hogervorst, M.A.: Towards an optimal color representation for multiband nightvision systems. In: 12th International Conference on Information Fusion (2009)
176.
Zurück zum Zitat Torabi, A., Mass, G., Bilodeau, G.A.: An iterative integrated framework for thermalvisible image registration, sensor fusion, and people tracking for video surveillance applications. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 116(2), 210–221 (2012)CrossRef Torabi, A., Mass, G., Bilodeau, G.A.: An iterative integrated framework for thermalvisible image registration, sensor fusion, and people tracking for video surveillance applications. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 116(2), 210–221 (2012)CrossRef
177.
Zurück zum Zitat Torresan, H., Turgeon, B., Ibarra-castanedo, C., Hébert, P., Maldague, X.: Advanced surveillance systems: combining video and thermal imagery for pedestrian detection. In. In Proceedings of SPIE, Thermosense XXVI, volume 5405 of SPIE, pp. 506–515 (2004) Torresan, H., Turgeon, B., Ibarra-castanedo, C., Hébert, P., Maldague, X.: Advanced surveillance systems: combining video and thermal imagery for pedestrian detection. In. In Proceedings of SPIE, Thermosense XXVI, volume 5405 of SPIE, pp. 506–515 (2004)
178.
Zurück zum Zitat Treptow, A., Cielniak, G., Duckett, T.: Real-time people tracking for mobile robots using thermal vision. Robot. Auton. Syst. 54(9), 729–739 (2006)CrossRef Treptow, A., Cielniak, G., Duckett, T.: Real-time people tracking for mobile robots using thermal vision. Robot. Auton. Syst. 54(9), 729–739 (2006)CrossRef
179.
Zurück zum Zitat Vadivambal, R., Jayas, D.: Applications of thermal imaging in agriculture and food industry—a review. Food Bioprocess Technol. 4, 186–199 (2011)CrossRef Vadivambal, R., Jayas, D.: Applications of thermal imaging in agriculture and food industry—a review. Food Bioprocess Technol. 4, 186–199 (2011)CrossRef
180.
Zurück zum Zitat Vidas, S., Lakemond, R., Denman, S., Fookes, C., Sridharan, S., Wark, T.: A mask-based approach for the geometric calibration of thermal-infrared cameras. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 61(6), 1625–1635 (2012)CrossRef Vidas, S., Lakemond, R., Denman, S., Fookes, C., Sridharan, S., Wark, T.: A mask-based approach for the geometric calibration of thermal-infrared cameras. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 61(6), 1625–1635 (2012)CrossRef
181.
Zurück zum Zitat Vollmer, M., Möllmann, K.P.: Infrared Thermal Imaging—Fundamentals, Research and Applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (2010) Vollmer, M., Möllmann, K.P.: Infrared Thermal Imaging—Fundamentals, Research and Applications. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim (2010)
182.
Zurück zum Zitat Walczyk, R., Armitage, A., Binnie, T.D.: An embedded real-time pedestrian detection system using an infrared camera. In: IET Irish Signals and Systems Conference (2009) Walczyk, R., Armitage, A., Binnie, T.D.: An embedded real-time pedestrian detection system using an infrared camera. In: IET Irish Signals and Systems Conference (2009)
183.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang, R., Wang, G., Chen, Z., Liu, J., Shi, Y.: An improved method of identification based on thermal palm vein image. In: Neural Information Processing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 18–24. Springer, Berlin (2012) Wang, R., Wang, G., Chen, Z., Liu, J., Shi, Y.: An improved method of identification based on thermal palm vein image. In: Neural Information Processing, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 18–24. Springer, Berlin (2012)
184.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang, W., Zhang, J., Shen, C.: Improved human detection and classification in thermal images. In: 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (2010) Wang, W., Zhang, J., Shen, C.: Improved human detection and classification in thermal images. In: 17th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (2010)
185.
Zurück zum Zitat Warriss, P.D., Pope, S.J., Brown, S.N., Wilkins, L.J., Knowles, T.G.: Estimating the body temperature of groups of pigs by thermal imaging. Vet. Record 158, 331–334 (2006)CrossRef Warriss, P.D., Pope, S.J., Brown, S.N., Wilkins, L.J., Knowles, T.G.: Estimating the body temperature of groups of pigs by thermal imaging. Vet. Record 158, 331–334 (2006)CrossRef
186.
Zurück zum Zitat Wasaki, K., Shimoi, N., Takita, Y., Kawamoto, P.N.: A smart sensing method for mine detection using time difference IR images. In: International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (2001) Wasaki, K., Shimoi, N., Takita, Y., Kawamoto, P.N.: A smart sensing method for mine detection using time difference IR images. In: International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (2001)
188.
Zurück zum Zitat Wolff, L., Socolinsky, D., Eveland, C.: Face recognition in the thermal infrared. In: Computer Vision Beyond the Visible Spectrum, Advances in Pattern Recognition, pp. 167–191. Springer, Berlin (2005) Wolff, L., Socolinsky, D., Eveland, C.: Face recognition in the thermal infrared. In: Computer Vision Beyond the Visible Spectrum, Advances in Pattern Recognition, pp. 167–191. Springer, Berlin (2005)
189.
Zurück zum Zitat Wong, W.K., Chew, Z.Y., Loo, C.K., Lim, W.S.: An effective trespasser detection system using thermal camera. In: Second International Conference on Computer Research and Development (2010) Wong, W.K., Chew, Z.Y., Loo, C.K., Lim, W.S.: An effective trespasser detection system using thermal camera. In: Second International Conference on Computer Research and Development (2010)
190.
Zurück zum Zitat Wong, W.K., Lim, H.L., Loo, C.K., Lim, W.S.: Home alone faint detection surveillance system using thermal camera. In: Second International Conference on Computer Research and Development (2010) Wong, W.K., Lim, H.L., Loo, C.K., Lim, W.S.: Home alone faint detection surveillance system using thermal camera. In: Second International Conference on Computer Research and Development (2010)
191.
Zurück zum Zitat Wong, W.K., Tan, P.N., Loo, C.K., Lim, W.S.: An effective surveillance system using thermal camera. In: International Conference on Signal Acquisition and Processing (2009) Wong, W.K., Tan, P.N., Loo, C.K., Lim, W.S.: An effective surveillance system using thermal camera. In: International Conference on Signal Acquisition and Processing (2009)
192.
Zurück zum Zitat Wu, S., Jiang, L., Xie, S., Yeo, A.C.B.: A robust method for detecting facial orientation in infrared images. Pattern Recognit. 39(2), 303–309 (2006)CrossRef Wu, S., Jiang, L., Xie, S., Yeo, A.C.B.: A robust method for detecting facial orientation in infrared images. Pattern Recognit. 39(2), 303–309 (2006)CrossRef
193.
Zurück zum Zitat Xu, F., Liu, X., Fujimura, K.: Pedestrian detection and tracking with night vision. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 6(1), 63–71 (2005)CrossRef Xu, F., Liu, X., Fujimura, K.: Pedestrian detection and tracking with night vision. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 6(1), 63–71 (2005)CrossRef
194.
Zurück zum Zitat Yanmaz, L.E., Okumus, Z., Dogan, E.: Instrumentation of thermography and its applications in horses. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 6(7), 858–862 (2007) Yanmaz, L.E., Okumus, Z., Dogan, E.: Instrumentation of thermography and its applications in horses. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 6(7), 858–862 (2007)
195.
Zurück zum Zitat Ng, Y.-M.H., Du, R.: Acquisition of 3d surface temperature distribution of a car body. In: IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition (2005) Ng, Y.-M.H., Du, R.: Acquisition of 3d surface temperature distribution of a car body. In: IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition (2005)
196.
Zurück zum Zitat Yoshitomi, Y., Miyaura, T., Tomita, S., Kimura, S.: Face identification using thermal image processing. In: 6th IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (1997) Yoshitomi, Y., Miyaura, T., Tomita, S., Kimura, S.: Face identification using thermal image processing. In: 6th IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (1997)
197.
Zurück zum Zitat Yoshitomi, Y., Miyawaki, N., Tomita, S., Kimura, S.: Facial expression recognition using thermal image processing and neural network. In: 6th IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (1997) Yoshitomi, Y., Miyawaki, N., Tomita, S., Kimura, S.: Facial expression recognition using thermal image processing and neural network. In: 6th IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (1997)
198.
Zurück zum Zitat Yu, X., Chua, W.K., Dong, L., Hoe, K.E., Li, L.: Head pose estimation in thermal images for human and robot interaction. In: 2nd International Conference on Industrial Mechatronics and Automation (2010) Yu, X., Chua, W.K., Dong, L., Hoe, K.E., Li, L.: Head pose estimation in thermal images for human and robot interaction. In: 2nd International Conference on Industrial Mechatronics and Automation (2010)
199.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang, L., Wu, B., Nevatia, R.: Pedestrian detection in infrared images based on local shape features. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007) Zhang, L., Wu, B., Nevatia, R.: Pedestrian detection in infrared images based on local shape features. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2007)
200.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao, J., Cheung, S.c.S.: Human segmentation by fusing visible-light and thermal imaginary. In: IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (2009) Zhao, J., Cheung, S.c.S.: Human segmentation by fusing visible-light and thermal imaginary. In: IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (2009)
201.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhou, D., Dillon, M., Kwon, E.: Tracking-based deer vehicle collision detection using thermal imaging. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (2009) Zhou, D., Dillon, M., Kwon, E.: Tracking-based deer vehicle collision detection using thermal imaging. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (2009)
202.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhou, Y., Tsiamyrtzis, P., Lindner, P., Timofeyev, I., Pavlidis, I.: Spatiotemporal smoothing as a basis for facial tissue tracking in thermal imaging. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 60(5), 1280–1289 (2013)CrossRef Zhou, Y., Tsiamyrtzis, P., Lindner, P., Timofeyev, I., Pavlidis, I.: Spatiotemporal smoothing as a basis for facial tissue tracking in thermal imaging. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 60(5), 1280–1289 (2013)CrossRef
203.
Zurück zum Zitat Zin, T.T., Takahashi, H., Hama, H.: Robust person detection using far infrared camera for image fusion. In: Second International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control (2007) Zin, T.T., Takahashi, H., Hama, H.: Robust person detection using far infrared camera for image fusion. In: Second International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control (2007)
204.
Zurück zum Zitat Zin, T.T., Takahashi, H., Toriu, T., Hama, H.: Fusion of infrared and visible images for robust person detection. In: Image Fusion, pp. 239–264. InTech (2011) Zin, T.T., Takahashi, H., Toriu, T., Hama, H.: Fusion of infrared and visible images for robust person detection. In: Image Fusion, pp. 239–264. InTech (2011)
205.
Zurück zum Zitat Zou, X., Kittler, J., Messer, K.: Illumination invariant face recognition: a survey. In: First IEEE International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems (2007) Zou, X., Kittler, J., Messer, K.: Illumination invariant face recognition: a survey. In: First IEEE International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems (2007)
Metadaten
Titel
Thermal cameras and applications: a survey
verfasst von
Rikke Gade
Thomas B. Moeslund
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Machine Vision and Applications / Ausgabe 1/2014
Print ISSN: 0932-8092
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1769
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00138-013-0570-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2014

Machine Vision and Applications 1/2014 Zur Ausgabe