Skip to main content
Fachgebiete
Automobil + Motoren Bauwesen + Immobilien Business IT + Informatik Elektrotechnik + Elektronik Energie + Nachhaltigkeit Finance + Banking Management + Führung Marketing + Vertrieb Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe Versicherung + Risiko
DE
EN
Bücher
Zeitschriften
Themenseiten
Organisationspsychologie Projektmanagement Marketing Smart Manufacturing
Weitere Formate
Podcasts Webinare Technik Webinare Wirtschaft Kongresse Veranstaltungskalender Awards
Jetzt Einzelzugang starten
Zugang für Unternehmen
Referenzkunden
SLX-Digitalkonferenz: Zukunftswerkstatt 2024

Mehr Umsatz mit Top-Kontakten

Am 7. Mai erfahren Sie, wie Vertriebsteams Leadgenerierung, Leadnurturing und Leadstrategien effizient steuern können.
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
Erschienen in:
Introduction to Hydrogels Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2010 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Thermo-Responsive Biodegradable Hydrogels from Stereocomplexed Poly(lactide)s

verfasst von : Tomoko Fujiwara, Tetsuji Yamaoka, Yoshiharu Kimura

Erschienen in: Biomedical Applications of Hydrogels Handbook

Verlag: Springer New York

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Hydrogels that form by responding to temperature changes are used for injectable biomaterials with many potential applications. Numerous techniques have been used to prepare biodegradable polymers for bioapplications. Specifically, biocompatible hydrogels that can be safely injected without surgery and sustained/disintegrated in a controlled manner are of interest. Poly(lactide), PLA, is the most studied and utilized biodegradable polymer, and its block copolymers provide a great variety of structures and properties. Utilizing stereocomplexation technology of enantiomeric PLAs on thermo-sensitive hydrogels of PLA–PEG block copolymers is an important aspect of bioapplications of hydrogels.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren
Vorheriges Kapitel Biodegradable Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Release
Nächstes Kapitel Hydrogels-Based Drug Delivery System with Molecular Imaging
Literatur
1.
Ringsdorf H, Venzmer J, Winnik FM (1991) Fluorescence studies of hydrophobically modified poly(N-isopropylacrylamides). Macromolecules 24:1678–1686CrossRef
2.
Takei YG, Aoki T, Sanui K et al (1994) Dynamic contact-angle measurement of temperature-responsive surface-properties for poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) grafted surfaces. Macromolecules 27:6163–6166CrossRef
3.
Zareie HM, Bulmus EV, Gunning AP et al (2000) Investigation of a stimuli-responsive copolymer by atomic force microscopy. Polymer 41:6723–6727CrossRef
4.
Maeda Y, Higuchi T, Ikeda I (2000) Change in hydration state during the coil-globule transition of aqueous solutions of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) as evidenced by FTIR spectroscopy. Langmuir 16:7503–7509CrossRef
5.
Vadnere M, Amidon G, Lindenbaum S et al (1984) Thermodynamic studies on the gel sol transition of some pluronic polyols. Int J Pharm 22:207–218CrossRef
6.
Wanka G, Hoffmann H, Ulbricht W (1990) The aggregation behavior of poly-(oxyethylene)–poly-(oxypropylene)–poly-(oxyethylene)-block-copolymers in aqueous-solution. Colloid Polym Sci 268:101–117CrossRef
7.
Jorgensen EB, Hvidt S, Brown W et al (1997) Effects of salts on the micellization and gelation of a triblock copolymer studied by rheology and light scattering. Macromolecules 30:2355–2364CrossRef
8.
Deng Y, Yu GE, Price C et al (1992) Thermodynamics of micellization and gelation of oxyethylene oxypropylene diblock copolymers in aqueous-solution studied by light-scattering and differential scanning calorimetry. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 88:1441–1446CrossRef
9.
Alexandridis P, Holzwarth JF, Hatton TA (1994) Micellization of poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(propylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers in aqueous-solutions – thermodynamics of copolymer association. Macromolecules 27:2414–2425CrossRef
10.
Rees DA (1969) Conformational analysis of polysaccharides. Part II. Alternating copolymers of agar–carrageenan–chondroitin type by model building in computer with calculation of helical parameters. J Chem Soc B 217–226CrossRef
11.
Hubbell JA, West JL, Chowdhury SM (eds) (1996) Advanced biomaterials in biomedical engineering and drug delivery systems. Springer, Tokyo
12.
Nagata Y, Kajiwara K (1997) Gel handbook. NTS, Tokyo
13.
Steinbuechel A (2001) Biopolymers. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim
14.
Tsuruta T, Hayashi T, Ishihara K et al (1993) Biomedical applications of polymeric materials. CRC Press, Boca Raton
15.
Zhu KJ, Song BH, Yang SL (1989) Super microcapsules (Smc). 1. Preparation and characterization of star polyethylene oxide (Peo)–polylactide (Pla) copolymers. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 27:2151–2159CrossRef
16.
Zhu KJ, Lin XZ, Yang SL (1990) Preparation, characterization, and properties of polylactide (Pla) poly(ethylene glycol) (Peg) copolymers – a potential-drug carrier. J Appl Polym Sci 39:1–9CrossRef
17.
Kricheldorf HR, Boettcher C (1993) Polylactones. 27. Anionic-polymerization of l-lactide – variation of endgroups and synthesis of block-copolymers with poly(ethylene oxide). Macromol Symp 73:47–64CrossRef
18.
Kricheldorf HR, Kreisersaunders I, Boettcher C (1995) Polylactones. 31. Sn(Ii)octoate-initiated polymerization of l-lactide – a mechanistic study. Polymer 36:1253–1259CrossRef
19.
Kricheldorf HR, Meierhaack J (1993) Polylactones. 22. Aba triblock copolymers of l-lactide and poly(ethylene glycol). Macromol Chem Phys 194:715–725CrossRef
20.
Cerrai P, Tricoli M (1993) Block-copolymers from l-lactide and poly(ethylene glycol) through a noncatalyzed route. Macromol Rapid Commun 14:529–538CrossRef
21.
Jedlinski Z, Kurcok P, Walach W et al (1993) Polymerization of lactones. 17. Synthesis of ethylene glycol-l-lactide block-copolymers. Macromol Chem Phys 194:1681–1689CrossRef
22.
Xie WH, Chen DP, Fan XH et al (1999) Lithium chloride as catalyst for the ring-opening polymerization of lactide in the presence of hydroxyl-containing compounds. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 37:3486–3491CrossRef
23.
Li SM, Rashkov I, Espartero JL et al (1996) Synthesis, characterization, and hydrolytic degradation of PLA/PEO/PLA triblock copolymers with long poly(l-lactic acid) blocks. Macromolecules 29:57–62CrossRef
24.
Goraltchouk A, Freier T, Shoichet MS (2005) Synthesis of degradable poly(l-lactide-co-ethylene glycol) porous tubes by liquid–liquid centrifugal casting for use as nerve guidance channels. Biomaterials 26:7555–7563CrossRef
25.
Younes H, Cohn D (1987) Morphological-study of biodegradable PEO/PLA block copolymers. J Biomed Mater Res 21:1301–1316CrossRef
26.
Kubies D, Rypacek F, Kovarova J et al (2000) Microdomain structure in polylactide-block-poly(ethylene oxide) copolymer films. Biomaterials 21:529–536CrossRef
27.
Li YX, Volland C, Kissel T (1994) In-vitro degradation and bovine serum-albumin release of the ABA triblock copolymers consisting of poly(l(+)lactic acid), or poly(l(+)lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) A-blocks attached to central polyoxyethylene B-blocks. J Controlled Release 32:121–128CrossRef
28.
Rashkov I, Manolova N, Li SM et al (1996) Synthesis, characterization, and hydrolytic degradation of PLA/PEO/PLA triblock copolymers with short poly(l-lactic acid) chains. Macromolecules 29:50–56CrossRef
29.
Shah SS, Zhu KJ, Pitt CG (1994) Poly-dl-lactic acid–polyethylene-glycol block-copolymers – the influence of polyethylene-glycol on the degradation of poly-dl-lactic acid. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 5:421–431CrossRef
30.
Li SM, Garreau H, Vert M (1990) Structure property relationships in the case of the degradation of massive aliphatic poly-(alpha-hydroxy acids) in aqueous-media. 1. Poly(dl-lactic acid). J Mater Sci Mater Med 1:123–130CrossRef
31.
Hu DSG, Liu HJ (1993) Effect of soft segment on degradation kinetics in polyethylene glycol/poly(l-lactide) block-copolymers. Polymer Bull 30:669–676CrossRef
32.
Mason MN, Metters AT, Bowman CN et al (2001) Predicting controlled-release behavior of degradable PLA-b-PEG-b-PLA hydrogels. Macromolecules 34:4630–4635CrossRef
33.
Shah NM, Pool MD, Metters AT (2006) Influence of network structure on the degradation of photo-cross-linked PLA-b-PEG-b-PLA hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 7:3171–3177CrossRef
34.
Graham NB, McNeill ME (1984) Hydrogels for controlled drug delivery. Biomaterials 5:27–36CrossRef
35.
Metters AT, Anseth KS, Bowman CN (2000) Fundamental studies of a novel, biodegradable PEG-b-PLA hydrogel. Polymer 41:3993–4004CrossRef
36.
Metters AT, Bowman CN, Anseth KS (2000) A statistical kinetic model for the bulk degradation of PLA-b-PEG-b-PLA hydrogel networks. J Phys Chem B 104:7043–7049CrossRef
37.
Metters AT, Bowman CN, Anseth KS (2001) Verification of scaling laws for degrading PLA-b-PEG-b-PLA hydrogels. AIChE J 47:1432–1437CrossRef
38.
Metters AT, Anseth KS, Bowman CN (2001) A statistical kinetic model for the bulk degradation of PLA-b-PEG-b-PLA hydrogel networks: incorporating network non-idealities. J Phys Chem B 105:8069–8076CrossRef
39.
Molina I, Li SM, Martinez MB et al (2001) Protein release from physically crosslinked hydrogels of the PLA/PEO/PLA triblock copolymer-type. Biomaterials 22:363–369CrossRef
40.
Deng XM, Li XH, Yuan ML et al (1999) Optimization of preparative conditions for poly-dl-lactide–­polyethylene glycol microspheres with entrapped Vibrio cholera antigens. J Controlled Release 58:123–131CrossRef
41.
Perez C, Sanchez A, Putnam D et al (2001) Poly(lactic acid)–poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles as new carriers for the delivery of plasmid DNA. J Controlled Release 75:211–224CrossRef
42.
Beck LR, Cowsar DR, Lewis DH et al (1979) New long-acting injectable microcapsule contraceptive system. Am J Obstet Gynecol 135:419–426
43.
Gref R, Domb A, Quellec P et al (1995) The controlled intravenous delivery of drugs using PEG-coated sterically stabilized nanospheres. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 16:215–233CrossRef
44.
Sakurai K, Nakada Y, Nakamura T et al (1999) Preparation and characterization of polylactide–poly(ethylene glycol)–polylactide triblock polymers and a preliminary in vivo examination of the blood circulation time for the nanoparticles made therefrom. J Macromol Sci Pure Appl Chem 36:1863–1877CrossRef
45.
Matsumoto J, Nakada Y, Sakurai K et al (1999) Preparation of nanoparticles consisted of poly(l-lactide)–poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(l-lactide) and their evaluation in vitro. Int J Pharm 185:93–101CrossRef
46.
De Jaeghere F, Allemann E, Feijen J et al (2000) Cellular uptake of PEO surface-modified nanoparticles: evaluation of nanoparticles made of PLA:PEO diblock and triblock copolymers. J Drug Targeting 8:143–153CrossRef
47.
Jeong B, Bae YH, Lee DS et al (1997) Biodegradable block copolymers as injectable drug-delivery systems. Nature 388:860–862CrossRef
48.
Jeong B, Kim SW, Bae YH (2002) Thermosensitive sol–gel reversible hydrogels. Adv Drug Delivery Rev 54:37–51CrossRef
49.
Jeong B, Bae YH, Kim SW (1999) Thermoreversible gelation of PEG–PLGA–PEG triblock copolymer aqueous solutions. Macromolecules 32:7064–7069CrossRef
50.
Jeong JH, Kim SW, Park TG (2004) Biodegradable triblock copolymer of PLGA–PEG–PLGA enhances gene transfection efficiency. Pharm Res 21:50–54CrossRef
51.
Jeong B, Bae YH, Kim SW (2000) Drug release from biodegradable injectable thermosensitive hydrogel of PEG–PLGA–PEG triblock copolymers. J Controlled Release 63:155–163CrossRef
52.
Kim YJ, Kim SW (2003) Controlled drug delivery from injectable biodegradable triblock copolymer. In ’Polymer Gels: Fundamentals and Applications’, Bohidar HB, Dubin P, Osada Y Eds, ACS, 833:300–311CrossRef
53.
Li ZH, Ning W, Wang JM et al (2003) Controlled gene delivery system based on thermosensitive biodegradable hydrogel. Pharm Res 20:884–888CrossRef
54.
Lee PY, Li ZH, Huang L (2003) Thermosensitive hydrogel as a Tgf-beta 1 gene delivery vehicle enhances diabetic wound healing. Pharm Res 20:1995–2000CrossRef
55.
Lee PY, Cobain E, Huard J et al (2007) Thermosensitive hydrogel PEG–PLGA–PEG enhances engraftment of muscle-derived stem cells and promotes healing in diabetic wound. Mol Ther 15:1189–1194CrossRef
56.
Yu L, Chang GT, Zhang H et al (2008) Injectable block copolymer hydrogels for sustained release of a PEGylated drug. Int J Pharm 348:95–106CrossRef
57.
Qao MX, Chen DW, Hao TN et al (2008) Injectable thermosensitive PLGA–PEG–PLGA triblock copolymers-based hydrogels as carriers for interleukin-2. Pharmazie 63:27–30
58.
Qiao MX, Chen DW, Ma XC et al (2006) Sustained release of bee venom peptide from biodegradable thermosensitive PLGA–PEG–PLGA triblock copolymer-based hydrogel in vitro. Pharmazie 61:199–202
59.
Pratoomsoot C, Tanioka H, Hori K et al (2008) A thermoreversible hydrogel as a biosynthetic bandage for corneal wound repair. Biomaterials 29:272–281CrossRef
60.
Gref R, Minamitake Y, Peracchia MT et al (1994) Biodegradable long-circulating polymeric nanospheres. Science 263:1600–1603CrossRef
61.
Miyamoto S, Takaoka K, Okada T et al (1993) Polylactic acid polyethyleneglycol block-copolymer – a new biodegradable synthetic carrier for bone morphogenetic protein. Clin Orthop:333–343
62.
Iijima M, Nagasaki Y, Okada T et al (1999) Core-polymerized reactive micelles from heterotelechelic amphiphilic block copolymers. Macromolecules 32:1140–1146CrossRef
63.
Choi SW, Choi SY, Jeong B et al (1999) Thermoreversible gelation of poly(ethylene oxide) biodegradable polyester block copolymers. Part II. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 37:2207–2218CrossRef
64.
Aamer KA, Sardinha H, Bhatia SR et al (2004) Rheological studies of PLLA–PEO–PLLA triblock copolymer hydrogels. Biomaterials 25:1087–1093CrossRef
65.
Sanabria-DeLong N, Agrawal SK, Bhatia SR et al (2006) Controlling hydrogel properties by crystallization of hydrophobic domains. Macromolecules 39:1308–1310CrossRef
66.
Sanabria-DeLong N, Agrawal SK, Bhatia SR et al (2007) Impact of synthetic technique on PLA–PEO–PLA physical hydrogel properties. Macromolecules 40:7864–7873CrossRef
67.
Agrawal SK, Sanabria-DeLong N, Tew GN et al (2008) Structural characterization of PLA–PEO–PLA solutions and hydrogels: crystalline vs. amorphous PLA domains. Macromolecules 41:1774–1784CrossRef
68.
Bryant SJ, Bender RJ, Durand KL et al (2004) Encapsulating chondrocytes in degrading PEG hydrogels with high modulus: engineering gel structural changes to facilitate cartilaginous tissue production. Biotechnol Bioeng 86:747–755CrossRef
69.
Rice MA, Anseth KS (2004) Encapsulating chondrocytes in copolymer gels: bimodal degradation kinetics influence cell phenotype and extracellular matrix development. J Biomed Mater Res A 70A:560–568CrossRef
70.
Murakami Y, Yokoyama M, Okano T et al (2007) A novel synthetic tissue-adhesive hydrogel using a crosslinkable polymeric micelle. J Biomed Mater Res A 80A:421–427CrossRef
71.
Ikada Y, Jamshidi K, Tsuji H et al (1987) Stereocomplex formation between enantiomeric poly(lactides). Macromolecules 20:904–906CrossRef
72.
Okihara T, Tsuji M, Kawaguchi A et al (1991) Crystal-structure of stereocomplex of poly(l-lactide) and poly(d-lactide). J Macromol Sci Phys B30:119–140CrossRef
73.
Tsuji H, Horii F, Hyon SH et al (1991) Stereocomplex formation between enantiomeric poly(lactic acid)s. 2. Stereocomplex formation in concentrated-solutions. Macromolecules 24:2719–2724CrossRef
74.
Tsuji H (2000) In vitro hydrolysis of blends from enantiomeric poly(lactide)s. Part 1. Well-stereo-complexed blend and non-blended films. Polymer 41:3621–3630CrossRef
75.
Brochu S, Prudhomme RE, Barakat I et al (1995) Stereocomplexation and morphology of polylactides. Macromolecules 28:5230–5239CrossRef
76.
Brizzolara D, Cantow HJ, Diederichs K et al (1996) Mechanism of the stereocomplex formation between enantiomeric poly(lactide)s. Macromolecules 29:191–197CrossRef
77.
Hoogsteen W, Postema AR, Pennings AJ et al (1990) Crystal-structure, conformation, and morphology of solution-spun poly(l-lactide) fibers. Macromolecules 23:634–642CrossRef
78.
Lim DW, Choi SH, Park TG (2000) A new class of biodegradable hydrogels stereocomplexed by enantiomeric oligo(lactide) side chains of poly(HEMA-g-OLA)s. Macromol Rapid Commun 21:464–471CrossRef
79.
de Jong SJ, De Smedt SC, Wahls MWC et al (2000) Novel self-assembled hydrogels by stereocomplex formation in aqueous solution of enantiomeric lactic acid oligomers grafted to dextran. Macromolecules 33:3680–3686CrossRef
80.
de Jong SJ, De Smedt SC, Demeester J et al (2001) Biodegradable hydrogels based on stereocomplex formation between lactic acid oligomers grafted to dextran. J Controlled Release 72:47–56CrossRef
81.
de Jong SJ, van Eerdenbrugh B, van Nostrum CF et al (2001) Physically crosslinked dextran hydrogels by stereocomplex formation of lactic acid oligomers: degradation and protein release behavior. J Controlled Release 71:261–275CrossRef
82.
Fujiwara T, Mukose T, Yamaoka T et al (2001) Novel thermo-responsive formation of a hydrogel by stereo-complexation between PLLA–PEG–PLLA and PDLA–PEG–PDLA block copolymers. Macromol Biosci 1:204–208CrossRef
83.
Mukose T, Fujiwara T, Nakano J et al (2004) Hydrogel formation between enantiomeric B-A-B-type block copolymers of polylactides (PLLA or PDLA: A) and polyoxyethylene (PEG: B); PEG–PLLA–PEG and PEG–PDLA–PEG. Macromol Biosci 4:361–367CrossRef
84.
Li SM, Vert M (2003) Synthesis, characterization, and stereocomplex-induced gelation of block copolymers prepared by ring-opening polymerization of l(d)-lactide in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol). Macromolecules 36:8008–8014CrossRef
85.
Hiemstra C, Zhong ZY, Li LB et al (2006) In-situ formation of biodegradable hydrogels by stereocomplexation of PEG-(PLLA)(8) and PEG-(PDLA)(8) star block copolymers. Biomacromolecules 7:2790–2795CrossRef
86.
Hiemstra C, Zhong Z, Van Tomme SR et al (2007) In vitro and in vivo protein delivery from in situ forming poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(lactide) hydrogels. J Controlled Release 119:320–327CrossRef
87.
Hiemstra C, Zhou W, Zhong ZY et al (2007) Rapidly in situ forming biodegradable robust hydrogels by combining stereocomplexation and photopolymerization. J Am Chem Soc 129:9918–9926CrossRef
88.
Chung HJ, Lee YH, Park TG (2008) Thermo-sensitive and biodegradable hydrogels based on stereocomplexed Pluronic multi-block copolymers for controlled protein delivery. J Controlled Release 127:22–30CrossRef
89.
Fujiwara T, Miyamoto M, Kimura Y (2000) Crystallization-induced morphological changes of a poly(l-lactide)/poly(oxyethylene) diblock copolymer from sphere to band via disk: a novel macromolecular self-organization process from core-shell nanoparticles on surface. Macromolecules 33:2782–2785CrossRef
90.
Fujiwara T, Miyamoto M, Kimura Y et al (2001) Self-organization of diblock and triblock copolymers of poly(l-lactide) and poly(oxyethylene) into nanostructured bands and their network system. Proposition of a doubly twisted chain conformation of poly(l-lactide). Macromolecules 34:4043–4050CrossRef
91.
Fujiwara T, Kimura Y (2002) Macromolecular organization of poly(l-lactide)-block-polyoxyethylene into ­bio-inspired nano-architectures. Macromol Biosci 2:11–23CrossRef
92.
Fujiwara T, Miyamoto M, Kimura Y et al (2001) Intriguing morphology transformation due to the macromole­cular rearrangement of poly(l-lactide)-block-poly(oxyethylene): from core-shell nanoparticles to band ­structures via fragments of unimolecular size. Polymer 42:1515–1523CrossRef
93.
Lee D, Teraoka I (2002) Termini and main-chain composition of monomethoxy-terminated poly(ethylene ­glycol) studied by two-dimensional column chromatography. Polymer 43:2691–2697CrossRef
94.
Lee D, Teraoka I (2003) Removal of dihydroxy-terminated components from monomethoxy-terminated poly(ethylene glycol). Biomaterials 24:329–336CrossRef
95.
Kister G, Cassanas G, Vert M (1998) Effects of morphology, conformation and configuration on the IR and Raman spectra of various poly(lactic acid)s. Polymer 39:267–273CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Thermo-Responsive Biodegradable Hydrogels from Stereocomplexed Poly(lactide)s
verfasst von
Tomoko Fujiwara
Tetsuji Yamaoka
Yoshiharu Kimura
Copyright-Jahr
2010
Verlag
Springer New York
Buch
Biomedical Applications of Hydrogels Handbook

Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-5918-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4419-5919-5

Copyright-Jahr: 2010

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5919-5_9