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Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning
Erschienen in: Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning 4/2012

01.08.2012 | Wissenschaftlicher Beitrag

Tools for Resilience Building and Adaptive Spatial Governance

Challenges for Spatial and Urban Planning in Dealing with Vulnerability

verfasst von: Dr. Jörn Birkmann, Claudia Bach, Maike Vollmer

Erschienen in: Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning | Ausgabe 4/2012

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Abstract

Climate change, resilience building and vulnerability reduction are emerging issues in spatial development and spatial planning in Germany, the European Union and globally. This paper introduces different concepts of and views on adaptation, vulnerability and resilience and outlines their implications for spatial planning in the context of a changing climate. On the basis of a conceptual discussion of key terms, the authors underscore the importance of assessing vulnerability as baseline information for the promotion of resilience and the enhancing of adaptation. The challenges of identifying and assessing vulnerability are illustrated through a case study of local flood vulnerability in Cologne with a specific focus on the vulnerability of different population groups as well as critical infrastructures. The respective key elements and phases of such assessments are identified. New challenges with regard to systemic risks are addressed and recommendations for improved linkages between spatial planning and civil protection formulated. The final part of the paper evaluates the upcoming challenges for adaptive planning in the context of climate change adaptation, for example regarding scenario development and its application.
Vorheriger Artikel How do cities and regions adapt to socio-economic crisis? Towards an institutionalist approach to urban and regional resilience
Nächster Artikel Vulnerability Through Resilience?

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Fußnoten
1
Modellvorhaben der Raumentwicklung (MORO), Raumentwicklungsstrategien zum Klimawandel; see http://​www.​klimamoro.​de (accessed 12.04.2012).
 
2
Experimenteller Wohnungs- und Städtebau (ExWoSt), Urbane Strategien zum Klimawandel; see http://​stadt-und-klimawandel.​de (accessed 12.04.2012).
 
3
See http://​www.​klimazwei.​de (accessed 12.04.2012).
 
4
See http://​www.​klimzug.​de (accessed 12.04.2012).
 
5
See http://​www.​klima-und-raum.​org (accessed 12.04.2012).
 
6
See http://​www.​resalliance.​org (accessed 12.04.2012).
 
7
The adaptive cycles of individual systems are nested in a hierarchy across time and space. For example the ecosystem of a small lake (one individual system) is linked to larger group of lakes and river systems (with different spatial and temporal processes). These nested hierarchies between individual systems of adaptive cycles might have a stabilising effect due to their capacity to provide memory of the past and elements of the system that are distant. This can encourage recovery after disturbances occur in one specific system. The nested hierarchies and dependencies between different systems might also have a destabilising effect when dynamics across scales lead to a further positive feedback process, allowing small-scale transformations to occur and explode into large-scale crises. Taken together, these nested hierarchies between individual systems of adaptive cycles and the processes across time and space constitute the theoretical concept of “panarchy” (see Holling/Gunderson 2002: 25 ff.).
 
8
Vorrang- und Vorbehaltsgebiete für den vorbeugenden Hochwasserschutz.
 
10
Gesetz zur Verbesserung des vorbeugenden Hochwasserschutzes.
 
11
The results refer to households in the HQ-500 area (including HQ-100), since the data set for households exposed in HQ-100 was not sufficiently reliable for this analysis.
 
13
Slow onset hazards, in contrast to sudden onset hazards, emerge gradually over time. The most common example of a slow onset hazard is drought. Sudden onset hazards instead encompass e.g. earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, tropical storms, volcanic eruptions and landslides.
 
14
Each process is classified according to the component with the highest vulnerability. Whereas the components of power generation and control centres are not exposed, transmission from maximum voltage to high voltage is exposed, but would continue working when flooded due to flood protection measures. Two of the four transformer (from high to medium voltage) stations are susceptible to flooding but redundant (class III). Most of the distribution grid stations are susceptible to flooding but not redundant and are therefore classified in the highest vulnerability class (V).
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Tools for Resilience Building and Adaptive Spatial Governance
Challenges for Spatial and Urban Planning in Dealing with Vulnerability
verfasst von
Dr. Jörn Birkmann
Claudia Bach
Maike Vollmer
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning / Ausgabe 4/2012
Print ISSN: 0034-0111
Elektronische ISSN: 1869-4179
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13147-012-0172-0

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