nach oben

Erschienen in:

2013 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

11. Towards In-Flight Measurements of Helicopter Blade Tip Vortices

verfasst von : Kolja Kindler, Karen Mulleners, Markus Raffel

Erschienen in: Advanced In-Flight Measurement Techniques

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

In the framework of the AIM project the near field of the blade tip vortex of a full-scale helicopter in simulated hover flight was investigated by combining three-component Particle Image Velocimetry and Background Oriented Schlieren measurements. The velocity field measurements in the range of wake ages of \({\uppsi _{\mathrm{{v}}}={1}^\circ }\) to \({30}^\circ \) in azimuth provided a reference for a quantitative analysis of the Schlieren results yielding vortex core density estimates. Ongoing vortex roll-up was observed at \({\uppsi _{\mathrm{{v}}}={1}^\circ }\) while considerable aperiodicity was persistent thereafter. The vortex parameters for \({\uppsi _{\mathrm{{v}}}>{1}^\circ }\) were consistent with the Scully vortex model. The particular challenges of full-scale, outdoor testing, especially the limited spatial resolution and aperiodicity effects, resulted in elevated measurement uncertainty as compared to sub-scale experiments.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Assessment of Propeller Deformation Measurement Techniques for Industrial Application

Nächstes Kapitel LIDAR for Helicopter Blade Tip Vortex Detection

The near field denotes the region directly behind the blade tip where the initial development of tip vortex takes place.

Note that \({\Gamma _1}\) is not to be confused with \(\Gamma _{\mathrm{{v}}}\) the circulation of a vortex.

A.T. Conlisk, Modern helicopter rotor aerodynamics. Progr. Aerospace Sci. 37, 419 (2001)

J.W. Lim, T.A. Nygaard, R. Strawn, M. Potsdam, BVI airloads prediction using CFD/CSD loose coupling, in 4th AHS Vertical Lift Aircraft Design Conference, San Francisco, CA, USA, 16–20 Jan 2006

H. Richard, M. Raffel, Rotor wake measurements: full-scale and model tests, in 58th Annual Forum of the American Helicopter Society, Montreal, Canada, 11–13 June 2002

C.V. Cook, The structure of the rotor blade tip vortex, in AGARD CP-111, 13–15 Sept 1972

D.W. Boatwright, Measurements of velocity components in the wake of a full-scale helicopter rotor in hover. in Technical Report USAAMRDL Technical Report 72–33, U.S. Army Air Mobility Research and Development Laboratory Fort Eustis, Virginia, 1972

J.G. Leishman, A.M. Baker, A.J. Coyne, Measurement of rotor tip vortices using three-component LDV. J. Am. Heli. Soc. 41(4), 342 (1995)

J.G. Leishman, Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001)

B.G. van der Wall, C.L. Burley, Y.H. Yu, K. Pengel, P. Beaumier, The HART II test—measurement of helicopter rotor wakes. Aerospace Sci. Tech. 8(4), 273–284 (2004)

G.E.A. Meier, Computerized background-oriented Schlieren. Exp. Fluids 3, 181 (2002)

10.

H. Richard, M. Raffel, Visualization of vortical structures by density gradient detection, in PSFVIP-3, Maui, Hawaii, USA, 18–21 June 2001

11.

M.J. Hargather, G.S. Settles, Natural-background-oriented Schlieren imaging. Exp. Fluids 48(1), 59 (2009)

12.

K. Kindler, E. Goldhahn, F. Leopold, M. Raffel, Recent developments in background oriented Schlieren methods for rotor blade tip vortex measurements. Exp. Fluids 43, 233 (2007)

13.

M. Raffel, C. Tung, H. Richard, Y. Yu, G.E.A. Meier, Background oriented stereoscopic schlieren (BOSS) for full scale helicopter vortex characterization, in 9th International Symposium on Flow Visualization, Edinburgh, UK, 22–25 Aug 2000

14.

E. Goldhahn, J. Seume, Background oriented schlieren technique—sensitivity, accuracy, resolution and application to three-dimensional density fields. Exp. Fluids 43, 241 (2007)

15.

K.Y. Yick, R. Stocker, T. Peacock, Microscale synthetic Schlieren. Exp. Fluids 42(1), 41 (2007)

16.

M. Raffel, C. Willert, S.T. Wereley, J. Kompenhans, Particle Image Velocimetry—A Practical Guide (Springer, New York, 2007)

17.

M. Raffel, U. Seelhorst, C. Willert, Recording and evaluation methods of PIV investigations on a helicopter rotor model. Exp. Fluids 36, 146 (2004)

18.

H. Richard, J. Bosbach, A. Henning, M. Raffel, B.G. van der Wall, 2C and 3C PIV measurements on a rotor in hover condition, in 13th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics, Lisbon, Portugal, 26–29 June 2006

19.

B.G. van der Wall, H. Richard, Analysis methodology for 3C-PIV data of rotary wing vortices. Exp. Fluids 40, 798 (2006)

20.

P.B. Martin, J.G. Pugliese, J.G. Leishman, S.L. Anderson, Stereo PIV measurements in the wake of a hovering rotor, in 56th Annal Forum of the American Helicopter Society, Virginia Beach, USA, 2–4 May 2000

21.

L. Graftieaux, M. Michard, N. Grosjean, Combining PIV, POD and vortex identification algorithms for the study of unsteady turbulent swirling flows. Meas. Sci. Technol. 12, 1422 (2001)

22.

R. Cucitore, M. Quadrio, A. Baron, On the effectivenss and limitations of local criteria for the identification of a vortex. Eur. J. Mech. B. Fluids 18(2), 261 (1999)

23.

K. Kindler, K. Mulleners, H. Richard, B.C. van der Wall, M. Raffel, Aperiodicity in the near-field of full-scale rotor blade tip vortices. Exp. Fluids 50, 10601–1610 (2011)CrossRef

24.

G.H. Vatistas, V. Kozel, W.C. Mih, A simpler model for concentrated vortices. Exp. Fluids 11, 73 (1991)

25.

A. Bagai, J.G. Leishman, Flow visualization of compressible vortex structures using density gradient techniques. Exp. Fluids 15, 431 (1993)

Titel: Towards In-Flight Measurements of Helicopter Blade Tip Vortices
verfasst von: Kolja Kindler
Karen Mulleners
Markus Raffel
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Advanced In-Flight Measurement Techniques
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-34737-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-34738-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34738-2_11

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Premium Partner