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Erschienen in:
Introduction Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2018 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Transnational Influences in Trade Mark and Domain Name Protection: The Indian Experience

verfasst von : V. K. Unni

Erschienen in: Locating India in the Contemporary International Legal Order

Verlag: Springer India

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Abstract

The last two decades have witnessed dramatic rise in the growth of legal protection for trade marks on a global scale. Before India liberalised its economy, the law safeguarding trade marks in India had a limited role because of its closed economy and monopolistic markets. Trade mark  law has recently undergone major changes both nationally and internationally. In India, this change is a result of major international agreements like the TRIPS Agreement, Paris Convention, the opening up of Indian economy, widespread use of Internet, and developments in case-law. This chapter makes an attempt to cover the major international developments which have influenced the trade mark  law in India.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Expressions of Folklore: Locating India in the Global Framework
Nächstes Kapitel India’s Participatory Role in the Database Debate at WIPO
Fußnoten
1
Fletcher (1981–1982), p. 301.
 
2
Rogers (1949), p. 173.
 
3
Greenberg (1951), p. 878.
 
4
Diamond (1983), p. 230.
 
5
Ibid., pp. 234–35.
 
6
Schechter (1970 Reprint), p. 335.
 
7
Shanahan (1982), p. 239.
 
8
UK Trade marks Act 1938.
 
9
Council Directive No. 89/104/EEC.
 
10
Jamsandekar (2006), p. 518.
 
11
Trade Marks Act 1999, Sect. 2(zb).
 
12
TRIPS Agreement Art. 15 provides that any sign, or any combination of signs, capable of distinguishing the goods and services of one undertaking from those of other undertakings, must be eligible for registration as a trade mark, provided that it is visually perceptible. 
 
13
Paris Convention Art. 6 bis.
 
14
Trade Marks Act 1999, proviso to Sect. 9(1)(c).
 
15
Sabel BV v. Puma AG [1998] R.P.C. 199.
 
16
Ford Motor Company and Anr. v. C.R. Borman and Anr., 156 (2009) DLT 1.
 
17
Rolex Sa v. Alex Jewellery Pvt. Ltd. and Ors., IA. No. 279/2008 in CS (OS) 41/2008 (Delhi High Court).
 
18
Gangjee (2008), p. 623.
 
20
Financial Express dated November 22, 2008.
 
24
Wojciechowski (2008). The other treaty is the Madrid Agreement drafted in 1891.
 
25
Protocol Relating to the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks, full text at http://​www.​wipo.​int/​madrid/​en/​legal_​texts/​trtdocs_​wo016.​html.
 
26
Trade Marks (Amendment) Act 2010, amendment to Sect. 23(1).
 
27
Ibid., amendment to Sect. 21(1).
 
28
Ibid., Statement of Objects and Reasons.
 
29
Ibid., Cl. 7.
 
30
Barry M. Leiner et al., A Brief History of the Internet, Internet Society, at http://​www.​isoc.​org/​internet/​history/​brief.​shtml.
 
31
The Domain Name System: A Non-technical Explanation--Why Universal Resolvability Is Important, InterNIC, at http://​www.​internic.​org/​faqs/​authoritative-dns.​html.
 
32
Howard (2001), p. 638.
 
33
Ibid.
 
34
Meyers (2002), p. 1182.
 
35
Ibid.
 
36
Thornburg (2000), p. 160.
 
37
Ibid.
 
38
Panavision Int’l, L.P. v. Toeppen, 141 F.3d 1316 at 1319 (9th Cir. 1998).
 
39
Management of Internet Names and Addresses: Intellectual Property Issues, para. 14, (WIPO:Geneva: 1999).
 
40
Ibid., para 24.
 
41
Meyer (2002), supra note 34, pp. 1185–86.
 
43
Ibid., para 4.
 
44
UDRP Rules, para 5 (a), full text of UDRP Rules available at http://​www.​icann.​org/​en/​dndr/​udrp/​uniform-rules.​htm.
 
45
Ibid., para 15(b).
 
46
UDRP, supra note 44 para 4(i).
 
47
Ibid., para 4(a)(i)–(iii).
 
48
Ibid., para 4(b)(i)–(iv).
 
49
Ibid., para 1.
 
50
UDRP Rules, supra note 44, para 10.
 
51
Ibid., para 13.
 
52
Ibid., para 15(a).
 
53
Ibid., para 18.
 
54
Ibid., para 15(a).
 
55
Ibid., para 18(a).
 
56
UDRP, Supra note 44 para 4(k).
 
57
Basheer (2001).
 
58
[1999] F.S.R. 931.
 
59
Ibid., at 933.
 
60
Ibid., at 935.
 
61
Ibid., at 936.
 
62
Rosler (2007), p. 101.
 
63
Supra note 210, p. 936.
 
64
Ibid.
 
65
Ibid. at 939.
 
66
Satyam Infoway Ltd. v. Sifynet Solutions Pvt. Ltd., AIR 2004 SC 3540.
 
67
Ibid.
 
68
AIR 2000 Bombay 27.
 
69
2001 PTC 859 (Del).
 
70
2001 PTC 432 (Del).
 
71
2001 PTC 619 (Del).
 
72
2002 (24) PTC 355 (Del).
 
73
Decided on 4th July 2011, full text available at http://​www.​indiankanoon.​org/​doc/​754672/​.
 
74
Examination Guide No. 2-99, Marks Composed, in Whole or in Part of Domain Names (USPTO 1999) available at http://​www.​uspto.​gov/​go/​tac/​notices/​guide299.​htm.
 
75
Ibid.
 
77
Draft Manual (Revised) for Trade Mark Practice & Procedure at 55, details at http://​ipindia.​nic.​in/​tmr_​new/​TMR_​Manual/​TMR_​DraftManual_​11March2015.​pdf.
 
78
Ibid.
 
79
Paylago (2000), p. 471.
 
80
Chatterjee and Adams (2002), pp. 27–30.
 
81
2006 PTC 112 (Del).
 
82
Intellectual Property on the Internet: A Survey of Issues at 68 (WIPO, Geneva 2002)
 
83
985 F. Supp. 1220 (N.D. Cal. 1997).
 
84
1998 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 10459 (E.D. Va. 1998).
 
85
7 F. Supp.2d 1098, 47 U.S.P.Q.2d 1186.
 
86
Brookfield Communications, Inc. v. West Coast Entertainment Corporation, 174 F.3d 1036 (9th Cir.1999).
 
87
Ibid. at 1042.
 
88
Ibid. at 1043.
 
89
Ibid. at 1057.
 
91
Galbraith (2009), para 1.
 
92
Ibid.
 
93
Mehra et al. (2008), pp. 122–124.
 
94
Ibid.
 
95
Shemtov (2008), p. 471.
 
96
Ibid.
 
98
Supra note 234, p. 71, para 137.
 
99
177 F. Supp. 2d 661, 2001 U.S. Dist. Lexis 21302 (E.D. Michigan, December 20, 2001).
 
100
[2008] F.S.R. 2.
 
101
Ibid. at 29.
 
102
Ibid. at 59.
 
104
Ibid., para 3.
 
105
Ibid.
 
106
Ibid., para 4.
 
107
Ibid.
 
108
Ibid., para 5.
 
109
Ibid., para 58.
 
110
Diamond supra note 4, p. 247.
 
111
NR Dongre v. Whirlpool Corporation (1996) 5 SCC 714.
 
Literatur
Basheer S (2001) India: trade and service marks—cybersquatting. Entertain Law Rev 12(1):N6-8
Chatterjee N, Adams S (2002) The ghost in the machine: trademark liability resulting from meta tags. World Intellect Prop Rep 16:27–30
Diamond SA (1983) The historical development of trademarks. Trademark Rep 73:222
Fletcher PK (1981–1982) Joint registration of trademarks and the economic value of a trademark system. U Miami Law Rev 36:297
Galbraith SE (2009) Second life strife: a proposal for resolution of in-world fashion disputes. BC Intell Prop Tech F 90803
Gangjee D (2008) The polymorphism of trademark dilution in India. Transnatl Law Contemp Probl 17:611
Greenberg AS (1951) The ancient lineage of trade-marks. JPOS 33:876
Howard D (2001) Trademarks and service marks and internet domain names: giving ICANN deference. 33 ARIZ ST L.J. 637
Jamsandekar A (2006) Indian trade marks act. E.I.P.R. 28(10):517
Management of Internet Names and Addresses: Intellectual Property Issues (1999) WIPO, Geneva
Mehra M et al (2008) Real infringement in the virtual world: a legal analysis. CTLR 2008 14(5):122–124
Meyers K (2002) Domain name dispute resolution in U.S. courts: should ICANN be given deference? BCL Rev 43:1177
Paylago, SU (2000) Search engine manipulation: creative use of meta tags or trademark infringement? IDEA J Law Technol 40(3):451
Rogers ES (1949) The Lanham Act and the social function of trade-marks. Law Contemp Probl 14:173CrossRef
Rosler H (2007) The rationale for European trademark protection. EIPR 29(3):100
Schechter FI (1970 Reprint) The rational basis of trademark protection. Trademark Rep 60:334
Shanahan D (1982) The trademark right: consumer protection or monopoly? TMR 72:233
Shemtov N (2008), Searching for the right balance: Google, keywords advertising and trade mark use. EIPR 30(11):470
Thornburg E (2000) Going private: technology, due process, and internet dispute resolution. UC Davis Law Rev 34:151
Wojciechowski TR (2008) Spotlight on intellectual property law—Part II: the Madrid protocol: a five year report card. Orange County Lawyer 50:18
Metadaten
Titel
Transnational Influences in Trade Mark and Domain Name Protection: The Indian Experience
verfasst von
V. K. Unni
Copyright-Jahr
2018
Verlag
Springer India
Buch
Locating India in the Contemporary International Legal Order

Print ISBN: 978-81-322-3578-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-81-322-3580-4

Copyright-Jahr: 2018

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3580-4_9