6. Transversely Discrete Structures

This chapter examines transversely discrete structures, those in which the components are easily countable and identifiable. The component (fibre, yarns, strands etc.) elements are assembled by twisting or weaving (braiding, plaiting) into another linear component whose dimensionality (L/d) is reduced from that of the constituent component. Tension and torsion behaviour are the focus, but by implication in the modelling transverse deformation is important is developing the model for the structure behaviour. This arises from the compression and distortion of components as the structure is loaded. Also in this chapter the various component nomenclatures are listed and the various component assembly configurations are described. The hierarchical nature of rope structures is important for the analysis and modelling of ropes and cords and other similar structures; indeed it is indigenous in their manufacture and construction. Finally bending of helical structures is introduced with the two extreme assumptions, no slip and zero friction.