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Flow, Turbulence and Combustion

Erschienen in:

30.06.2018

Turbulent Flame Speeds of Premixed Supersonic Flame Kernels

verfasst von: Bradley A. Ochs, Dan Fries, Devesh Ranjan, Suresh Menon

Erschienen in: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion | Ausgabe 3/2018

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Abstract

It is unclear whether turbulent flame speed scalings established in low speed regimes are applicable to supersonic flames. To investigate this question, the canonical flame kernel is investigated in a scramjet-like channel having a one degree wall divergence. The growth, shape and internal kernel dynamics are investigated. Results are presented for three Mach numbers, four equivalence ratios, and three turbulence generators. Schlieren photography provides flame images for growth rate statistics and particle image velocimetry (PIV) provides turbulence statistics and investigation of internal kernel dynamics. Supersonic flame kernels are self-propagating and respond to the equivalence ratio in a fashion that is similar to low speed flames. However, supersonic flame kernels have features that are not present in subsonic flame kernels. Baroclinicity, resulting from pressure-density misalignment, creates a reacting vortex ring structure. Further, the mean kernel shape has a Mach number dependence and the vortex ring enhances the turbulent flame speed through entrainment of reactants and augmented flame surface growth. Hence, the previously established (low speed) flame speed scalings are inappropriate for supersonic flame kernels. Drawing motivation from vortex ring literature, the ring propagation velocity is used as the characteristic velocity and a new flame speed scaling is proposed.

Vorheriger Artikel Large Eddy Simulation of a Novel Gas-Assisted Coal Combustion Chamber

Nächster Artikel Premixed LPG + Air Combustion in a Bubbling FBC with Variable Content of Solid Particles in the Bubbles

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M₀ = 2.0 kernels are slightly smaller than M₀ = 1.75 kernels and this is most likely due to the smaller turbulence intensity in that case (see Table 1).

While the NS are Galilean invariant, the boundary conditions are not. However, utilizing fairly simple arguments, one can easily see that supersonic inflow and outflow boundary conditions cannot influence the flame. Therefore, there should be very little difference between freely propagating subsonic and supersonic flame kernels given similar chemical and flow conditions.

Most shock-bubble studies use a stationary bubble and moving shock. With a simple change of reference frame, one can easily see that this situation is exactly opposite the expansion accelerated kernel used in this study.

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Titel: Turbulent Flame Speeds of Premixed Supersonic Flame Kernels
verfasst von: Bradley A. Ochs
Dan Fries
Devesh Ranjan
Suresh Menon
Publikationsdatum: 30.06.2018
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion / Ausgabe 3/2018
Print ISSN: 1386-6184
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-1987
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-018-9947-x

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