Understanding and Learning of the Knowledge of the Different Categories of Objects

In this Chapter the theoretical framework of the knowledge implementation method is presented. In Chapter 8 the knowledge implementation approach is applied for learning of the knowledge and skills of the different categories of objects. The shape understanding system (SUS) operates in two main modes, the learning mode and understanding mode. Learning and understanding are complementary processes. The ability of SUS to understand depends on the effectiveness of learning process and, in turn, learning of the new knowledge depends on the SUS ability to understand. The knowledge implementation is based on assumption that a system to be able to understand needs to learn and learned knowledge needs to be fully understood, that means, that there is a relation among specific learned facts stored in memory. The knowledge implementation is concerned with learning of the visual and the non-visual knowledge from the different categories of objects. The category of the visual objects was described in Chapter 6. The category of the sensory objects and the category of the text objects are related to the category of the visual objects and these categories will be defined in this Chapter. These categories are described in the context of learning and understanding of the visual object, the sensory object and the text object. Proposed new learning methods, that are part of the knowledge implementation approach, are designed to learn the knowledge of an object from the selected category such as the category of the visual objects, the category of the sensory objects or the category of the text objects. In Section 7.1 understanding and learning of the knowledge of the visual object is presented, in Section 7.2 understanding and learning of the knowledge of the sensory object is presented and in Section 7.3 understanding and learning of the knowledge of the text object is presented. Understanding and learning of the knowledge of the visual object, described in Section 7.1, is considered as acquiring the complex perceptual skills by SUS. Acquiring the complex perceptual skills by SUS, needed in perceiving of the world, is connected with implementation of the sophisticated image processing algorithms and learning of the complex patterns of the visual reasoning sequences. The visual knowledge is learned based on the sample of the visual objects that represent the category of visual objects selected for learning and utilization of the different forms of the visual abstraction. The important forms of the visual abstraction are generalization and specialization described in Sections 7.1.1 and 7.1.2. Learning of the visual knowledge is called the categorical learning and the short description of this method was presented in [1]. In this Section the new developed categorical learning techniques: learning by the small alternation of the visual object (LSA), learning from the simple to complex (LSC), learning by simplification of the complex object (LSCO), learning from parts (LP), and learning parts decomposition (LPD), are described. The new developed categorical learning techniques are applied to learn the knowledge of the selected ontological categories. Learning of the knowledge of the selected ontological categories will be described in Chapter 8.