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2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Using Exposomics to Assess Cumulative Risks from Multiple Environmental Stressors

verfasst von : Martyn T. Smith, Cliona M. McHale, Rosemarie de la Rosa

Erschienen in: Unraveling the Exposome

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Humans are exposed to a milieu of environmental stressors of a chemical, physical, and social nature that may change over time. Interaction of these stressors with various intrinsic factors such as genetics, sex, life stage, and health status determines susceptibility to related diseases. Cumulative risk assessment seeks to determine the combined risks to health from exposures to multiple agents or stressors. This can be achieved by expanding beyond a G × E approach—where “G” represents genetic susceptibility and “E” (environment) represents a limited range of exposures—to an I × E approach—where “I” (intrinsic) represents the many inter-related biological factors that contribute to disease susceptibility and “E” (extrinsic) represents all nongenetic factors including the exposome. Exposomics is poised to advance this concept and make significant advances in environmental health science and our understanding of the causes of chronic diseases. The internal exposome can be assessed using targeted and untargeted exposomics tools to measure individual chemicals, groups of chemicals, or the totality of chemicals acting on a particular receptor or biological pathway in a functional assay. Comprehensive data on the internal, external, and public health components of the exposome together could inform risk assessment and ultimately guide risk management. These approaches could be applied in vulnerable populations such as migrants or those burdened with multiple types of stressor simultaneously as identified through map- or indicator-based approaches. Development and refinement of additional exposomics tools that can be applied in prospective human epidemiology studies should be a focus of future studies.

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Titel: Using Exposomics to Assess Cumulative Risks from Multiple Environmental Stressors
verfasst von: Martyn T. Smith
Cliona M. McHale
Rosemarie de la Rosa
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Unraveling the Exposome
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-89320-4

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-89321-1

Copyright-Jahr: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89321-1_1

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