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2022 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Value Creation Through Blockchain-Based Tokens: Transforming Traditional Collaboration Structures

verfasst von : Wolfgang Richter, Sebastian Richter

Erschienen in: Liquid Legal – Humanization and the Law

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

1.
Money is viewed as a medium of exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value. This article focuses on the “store of value” and rephrases it as “representing potential futures”. Assessing the buying power of one’s money relies on the assumption that the person will be able to buy in the future what he or she can buy today. However, this notion does not consider the impact of an increase in buying potential (through rising productivity) or of a decrease (through external shocks and other structural changes).
 
2.
In the case of external shocks such as the coronavirus crisis, attempts are made to mitigate the consequences by injecting liquidity into the hard-hit sectors. Yet, we are still faced with the internal devaluation dilemma: All long-term contracts, such as loans and rents, do not decrease even though the reduced payment capacity of the contractual partners requires a downward adjustment. It can take months or even years for such an adjustment to occur, at the cost of a tremendous loss of productivity, which is often accompanied by social unrest.
 
3.
Digital units, which represent an underlying asset, share or right, the so-called “security tokens”, have the same quality as a currency in regard to their immutability. Therefore, they can function like a currency in this respect. Compared to traditional legal instruments for organizing work products, a security token can very effectively and with no prohibitive contractual arrangements tie the success of a business project to the security token. This means that even an anonymous workforce can participate successfully in a business project and be remunerated by tokens. Today there are liquidity options available which give immediate liquidity to the security token. Security tokens can instigate the production of goods and services, thereby expanding the potential futures for everyone.
 
4.
Such a (security) token economy allows for a fair platform economy as compared to traditional centralized platforms since the token governance and value distribution can be organized effectively through a token structure including all stakeholders in the process. Achieving the same result with the traditional legal and economic instruments is close to impossible.
 
5.
Hence, such a security token economy is a valid option for implementation into the Common Legal Platform (CLP).
 

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Fußnoten
1
Schäfer (2013), p. 261.
 
2
Kindleberger (2013), p. 11.
 
3
Busse, Matthias (2002): HWWA Discussion Paper Nr. 116; Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie (BDI); Außenwirtschafts-Report 04/2002.
 
4
Gewerbesteuereinnahmen im Jahr 2020. Pressemitteilung (6. Oktober 2021). In: Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis), Nr. 469.
 
5
Bruttoinlandsprodukt für Deutschland. In: Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis), Begleitmaterial zur Pressekonferenz am 14. Januar 2021 “Anteile der Wirtschaftszweige an der Bruttowertschöpfung in Deutschland im Jahr 2020.”, p. 11.
 
6
Gesetz zur Abmilderung der Folgen der COVID-19-Pandemie im Zivil-, Insolvenz- und Strafverfahrensrecht vom 27. März 2020.
 
7
Wasmer (2012), pp. 769–771.
 
8
Theodoropoulou, Sotiria (04.02.2016) Unemployment, internal devaluation and labour market deregulation in Europe, P. 25. Available via https://​www.​researchgate.​net/​publication/​292703524.
 
9
Jongerius, Silvan (13.08.2019) GDPR’s Right to be Forgotten in Blockchain: it’s not black and white. Available via www.​techgdpr.​com.
Politou, Eugenia; Casino, Fran; IEEE; Alepis, Efthimios (24.07.2019) Blockchain Mutability: Challenges and Proposed Solutions, I. Introduction.
 
10
Heumüller and Richter (2018), pp. 60–65.
 
11
BaFin, Merkblatt Zweites Hinweisschreiben zum Prospekt- und Erlaubnispflichten im Zusammenhang mit der Ausgabe sogenannter Krypto-Token, WA 51-Wp 7100-2019/0011 und IF 1-AZB 1505-2019/0003, p. 1.
 
12
Fromberger/Haffke/Zimmermann (6.4.2018) Regulierungen von Token. In: Blockchain Bundesverband, p. 10 f., BKR 2019, 377; Zickgraf, AG 2018, 293, 295; Veil, ZHR 2019, 346, 248.
 
13
Kaulartz, Markus / Matzke, Robin (2018) Die Tokenisierung des Rechts, NJW 2018, 3278.
 
14
See Buterin, Vitalik (2014) The Search for a Stable Cryptocurrency. Available via Ethereum Blog, 11.11.2014, http://​blog.​ethereum.​org/​2014/​11/​11/​search-stable-cryptocurrency/​.
 
15
Alexandria “The bonding curve is a mathematical curve that defines the relationship between token supply and asset price. https://​coinmarketcap.​com/​alexandria/​glossary/​bonding-curve. See also Riady, Yos (10.11.2018) Bonding Curves Explained. Available via https://​yos.​io/​2018/​11/​10/​bonding-curves/​.
 
16
Link and Omlor (2021).
 
17
E.g. Parker et al. (2016).
 
18
See Richter et al. (2020), https://​aisel.​aisnet.​org/​acis2020/​39 for an analogous argumentation in a different context.
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Heumüller E, Richter S (2018) Das Blockchain-Ökosystem als Analyse-Ansatz. Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management 3:60–65CrossRef Heumüller E, Richter S (2018) Das Blockchain-Ökosystem als Analyse-Ansatz. Wirtschaftsinformatik & Management 3:60–65CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kindleberger CP (2013) Keynesianism vs. Monetarism: and other essays in financial history. Taylor & Francis, Vereinigtes Königreich, p 11CrossRef Kindleberger CP (2013) Keynesianism vs. Monetarism: and other essays in financial history. Taylor & Francis, Vereinigtes Königreich, p 11CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Link M, Omlor S (2021) Kryptowährungen und Token. Fachmedien Recht und Wirtschaft, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland: Kapitel 2, V. 63 Link M, Omlor S (2021) Kryptowährungen und Token. Fachmedien Recht und Wirtschaft, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland: Kapitel 2, V. 63
Zurück zum Zitat Parker GG, Van Alstyne MW, Choudary SP (2016) Platform revolution. How networked markets are transforming the economy and how to make them work for you. W. W. Norton & Company, New York, London Parker GG, Van Alstyne MW, Choudary SP (2016) Platform revolution. How networked markets are transforming the economy and how to make them work for you. W. W. Norton & Company, New York, London
Zurück zum Zitat Schäfer H (2013) Währungsqualität, asymmetrische Information und Transaktionskosten. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, p 261 Schäfer H (2013) Währungsqualität, asymmetrische Information und Transaktionskosten. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, p 261
Zurück zum Zitat Wasmer E (2012) An introduction to the special feature section: price, wage and employment adjustments in 2007-2008 and some inference for the current European crisis. Labour Econ 19:769–771CrossRef Wasmer E (2012) An introduction to the special feature section: price, wage and employment adjustments in 2007-2008 and some inference for the current European crisis. Labour Econ 19:769–771CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Value Creation Through Blockchain-Based Tokens: Transforming Traditional Collaboration Structures
verfasst von
Wolfgang Richter
Sebastian Richter
Copyright-Jahr
2022
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14240-6_6