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Verhaltensbiologie
Die moderne Evolutionstheorie liefert einen theoretischen Rahmen für funktionale Analysen einzelner Verhaltensweisen. Zur Untersuchung der Angepasstheit des Verhaltens ist es notwendig, Fitness zu operationalisieren und die evolutionären Mechanismen, die sie beeinflussen, näher zu charakterisieren. Aus den wichtigsten Fitnesskomponenten – Überleben und Fortpflanzungserfolg – lassen sich vier Grundprobleme ableiten, die jedes Individuum erfolgreich meistern muss: Fressen, Nicht-gefressen-Werden, Fortpflanzung und Jungenaufzucht. Merkmale, welche die Fortpflanzungskomponente der Fitness betreffen, sind identisch mit einigen der wichtigsten Merkmale der Life History (Lebensgeschichte). In diesem Kapitel skizziere ich die wichtigsten Variablen, Mechanismen, Prozesse und Zusammenhänge zwischen Verhalten, Evolution und Life Histories, um eine Grundlage für das Verständnis der nachfolgenden Kapitel zu schaffen, die sich inhaltlich an diesen vier Grundproblemen ausrichten.
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- Titel
- Verhalten, Evolution und Life Histories
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60546-2_3
- Autor:
-
Peter M. Kappeler
- Verlag
- Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- Sequenznummer
- 3
- Kapitelnummer
- Kapitel 3