nach oben

2006 | Buch

Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems

6th International Symposium, W2GIS 2006, Hong Kong, China, December 4-5, 2006. Proceedings

herausgegeben von: James D. Carswell, Taro Tezuka

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Buchreihe : Lecture Notes in Computer Science

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Über dieses Buch

These proceedings contain the papers selected for presentation at the sixth edition of the International Symposium on Web & Wireless Geographical Information Systems held in Hong Kong during December 2006. This symposium was intended to provide an up-to-date review of advances in both theoretical and technical development of 2 Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems (W GIS). It was the sixth in a series of successful events beginning with Kyoto 2001, and alternating locations annually between East Asia and Europe. It now represents an ever-increasing spatially aware geotechnology research community. Now in its sixth year, W2GIS has matured in name from a “workshop” to a full 2-day “symposium” – recognition by the field as a forum for quality dissemination and discussion on the latest research and development achievements in the domain. The number of papers received for this symposium demonstrates not only the growing importance of this field for researchers but also the growing impact these developments have in the daily lives of all citizens. From well over 130 submissions, 72 papers were initially selected as being directly in scope with the symposium, and from these, 24 papers (33%) were selected for final presentation and inclusion in the proceedings. Each paper received three reviews and was ranked accordingly. The accepted papers cover a wide range of topics from the Semantic Web, Web personalization, contextual representation and mapping to querying in mobile environments, mobile networks and recent developments in location-based services and applications.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Session 1 - Location-Based Services

Putting Location-Based Services on the Map

Abstract

Location-based services for users on the move provide a convenient means of filtering information based on current geographical position. However users also often want to retrieve or capture information associated with past or future locations. We show how new technologies for interactive paper can be used to augment conventional paper maps with location-based services using a combination of user tracking and pointing to the map to specify location.

Michael Grossniklaus, Moira C. Norrie, Beat Signer, Nadir Weibel

Beyond Location Based – The Spatially Aware Mobile Phone

Abstract

An increasing number of mobile phones feature embedded sensors such as GPS receivers, digital compasses or accelerometer-based tilt sensors. In this paper, we present an application framework for building spatially aware mobile applications – applications that visualize, process or exchange geo-spatial information – on mobile phones equipped with such sensors. The core component of the framework is a novel, platform-independent XML data exchange format that describes the geographic vicinity of the mobile device. The format enables a variety of new mobile interaction styles and user interface types – from traditional text-based local search and information interfaces to innovative real-time user interfaces like geo-pointers and smart compasses.

Rainer Simon, Peter Fröhlich, Hermann Anegg

An Event Detection Service for Spatio-temporal Applications

Abstract

Sense-and-respond applications form an important class of pervasive-computing applications, serving domains such as driver services, field-force automation, and emergency services. The increasing ubiquity of networked data sources including sensors, mobile phones, online services, databases and data feeds presents novel opportunities for the timely use of the data, which is heterogeneous and available in huge quantities. When these data sources are embedded in the physical world, their location, possibly changing over time, becomes an important part of the context. Business applications will want to respond to the raw data from these sources in diverse ways, in a flexible and scalable manner. We introduce a spatio-temporal event detection service aimed at reducing the costs to application providers by enabling an infrastructure shared by many applications and subscribers. It offers a high-level spatio-temporal programming framework that enables application developers to more easily develop applications based on the sense-and-respond model.

WooChul Jung, DaeRyung Lee, WonIl Lee, Stella Mitchell, Jonathan Munson

A Tourism Information System for Rural Areas Based on a Multi Platform Concept

Abstract

Tourism information is predominantly based on geographically related information and therefore, the tourism and leisure industries are currently searching for ways how to explore the potential of technologies for presenting geographical data. In this paper a concept and its realization for a multi-platform solution for a geo-multimedia tourism information system are briefly described. In general the system is targeting on two different user groups, the tourism boards as service providers and the tourists as end-users. The concept covers an efficient data management for the service providers and state of the art visualization techniques for online, offline and mobile solutions. These cover the 2D as well as the 3D visualization of geo related tourism information and also interfaces to third party platforms. Such platforms like Google Earth and Google Maps became even more important in the last year due to their extensive dissemination.

Alexander Almer, Thomas Schnabel, Harald Stelzl, Jörg Stieg, Patrick Luley

Session 2 - W2GIS Applications and Prototypes

Prediction of GPS Multipath Effect Using LiDAR Digital Surface Models and Building Footprints

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate how 1m LiDAR data and 2D building footprints can be used to predict GPS multipath effects in urban areas. A ray tracing model is implemented in order to model reflected and diffracted GPS signals. Some preliminary results are presented and explained in detail.

Jing Li, George Taylor, David Kidner, Mark Ware

The Web Integration of the GPS+GPRS+GIS Tracking System and Real-Time Monitoring System Based on MAS

Abstract

In this paper, the Multi Agent System (MAS) Architecture, GPS, GIS, and Wireless Communication technologies were discussed. New application architecture of complex vehicle Location Based Service (LBS), and Navigation and Intelligent Transportation systems based on the MAS architecture were proposed. The implementation and Web performance of this methodology on the urban garbage trucks management in the Shanghai Putuo district were introduced. The final system testing results were evaluated. And the future potentials of the MAS based approach to solve complex urban management problems and monitoring information network systems were prospected.

Ye Lei, Lin Hui

A Management System of Street Trees by Using RFID

Abstract

To manage cities by using Ubiquitous technology, a U-city has recently been gaining attention in Korea. With a great deal of help from the Central Government and local governments, a series of trials to integrate the traditional complex facilities and natural items with the technical elements of the ubiquitous environment such as RFID, SoC and USN are actively in progress. Particularly, in the case of combining with the existing GIS system, they will be very efficient. and In this study, as an actual example of the application of RFID, wireless telecommunications, and GIS, RFID is introduced to manage street trees in cities and UFID is studied for a new address system in Korea. To enhance the existing management system, GPS, CDMA and a web information system are constructed and finally the three dimensional GIS system is developed.

Eui-myoung Kim, Mu-wook Pyeon, Min-Soo Kang, Jae-sun Park

A Modular Neural Network Approach to Improve Map-Matched GPS Positioning

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of work undertaken over the past two years to develop Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques to improve the accuracy and reliability of road selection during map-matching (MM) computation. MM positions provided by low-cost GPS receivers have great potential when integrated with hand-held or in-vehicle Geographical Information System (GIS) applications, especially those used for tracking and navigation, on path and road networks. The applied modular neural network (MNN) approach is using a suitable road shape indicator to incorporate different road shapes for local ANN training. MNN test results indicate good potential for the method to provide a significant improvement in MM and positional accuracy over traditional methods. Further results and conclusions of this on-going research will be published in due course.

Marylin Winter, George Taylor

Session 3 - Wayfinding, Mobile and Wireless GIS

Representational Issues in Interactive Wayfinding Systems: Navigating the Auckland University Campus

Abstract

This paper explores the effectiveness of different representational options in providing navigational cues to visitors to a site, in this case the City Campus of the University of Auckland. The research involved integrating the theory of wayfinding and spatial search behaviour with that of cartography and spatial visualisation, so as to identify appropriate approaches to designing and implementing an interactive system. Prototype navigation systems of different representations are produced for obtaining wayfinding performance data from participants. Ferom the results, advantages and disadvantages of the different systems are identified.

Alan Kwok Lun Cheung

A Hybrid Spatial Model for Representing Indoor Environments

Abstract

In this article we propose a hybrid spatial model for indoor environments. The model consists of hierarchically structured graphs with typed edges and nodes. The model is hybrid in the sense that nodes and edges can be labelled with qualitative as well as quantitative information. The graphs support wayfinding and, in addition, provide helpful information for generating human-oriented descriptions of an indoor (and outdoor) path.

Bernhard Lorenz, Hans Jürgen Ohlbach, Edgar-Philipp Stoffel

MEMS Mobile GIS: A Spatially Enabled Fish Habitat Management System

Abstract

Spatially enabled computing can provide assistance to both web-based and mobile users by exploiting positional information and associated contextual knowledge. The Mobile Environmental Management System (MEMS) is a proof of concept prototype that has been developed in order to simplify administrative duties of biologists at the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO), Canada. MEMS aims to deliver context-aware functionality aided by visualization, analysis and manipulation of spatial and attribute datasets. The resulting application delivers a set of functions and services that aids the DFO’s biologists in making everyday management decisions.

A. Rizzini, K. Gardiner, M. Bertolotto, J. Carswell

A Mobile Computing Approach for Navigation Purposes

Abstract

The mobile computing technology has been rapidly increased in the past decade; however there still exist some important constraints which complicate the use of mobile information systems. The limited resources on the mobile computing would restrict some features that are available on the traditional computing technology. In almost all previous works it is assumed that the moving object cruises within a fixed altitude layer, with a fixed target point, and its velocity is predefined. In addition, accessibility to up-to-date knowledge of the whole mobile users and a global time frame are prerequisite. The lack of two last conditions in a mobile environment is our assumptions. In this article we suggest an idea based on space and time partitioning in order to provide a paradigm that treats moving objects in mobile GIS environment. A method for finding collision-free path based on the divide and conquer idea is proposed. The method is, to divide space-time into small parts and solve the problems recursively and the combination of the solutions solves the original problem. We concentrate here on finding a near optimal collision-free path because of its importance in robot motion planning, intelligent transportation system (ITS), and any mobile autonomous navigation system.

Mohammad R. Malek, Andrew U. Frank

Session 4 - W2GIS Personalization and Agent

Improving Archaeological Heritage Information Access Through a Personalised GIS Interface

Abstract

Current archaeological heritage dissemination systems do not take full advantage of available modern technology. For example, the linking of archaeological findings to their geographical surroundings is a functionality offered by few systems. Given the diversity of webusers, a personalised presentation of the information would be desirable. The TArcHNA GIS architecture offers dynamically tailored spatial and non-spatial information to its users. The vast quantity of archaeological heritage information in the system is filtered to suit each individual, based on user models created by previous interactions with the system. The heritage information is made accessible via a personalised map interface. User interactions are captured implicitly, without the users knowledge. The system is designed to operate on both mobile and desktop devices enhancing the accessibility, and the user’s appreciation of archaeological heritage.

E. Mac Aoidh, A. Koinis, M. Bertolotto

Designing Adaptive Spatio-temporal Information Systems for Natural Hazard Risks with ASTIS

Abstract

This paper presents ASTIS, a framework for the design and generation of adaptive spatio-temporal information systems for the historical study of natural hazard risks. ASTIS is based on a modular architecture in which every module can be personalized by the designer in order to meet the needs of different kinds of users. Personalizations are performed through a model-driven approach, each module is generated from specific models, conceived by the designer. A data management module allows personalizing the content of the application via data viewpoint mechanisms. A presentation module allows designing personalized interactive visualizations. Finally, an adaptation module is in charge of performing the appropriate personalizations at runtime, in order to adapt both the content and the presentation of the information to the user characteristics.

Bogdan Moisuc, Jérôme Gensel, Paule-Annick Davoine, Hervé Martin

A Contextual Approach for the Development of GIS: Application to Maritime Navigation

Abstract

The research presented in this paper introduces the principles of a multi-dimensional contextual approach for adaptive GIS. The framework makes the difference beetween the user, geographical and device contexts. The geographical context is modelled according to the location of the user, the region of interest, the extent of the region covered by the diffusion of the data, and the place where the information is processed. This characterization allows for the study of the different contextual configurations, and their impact on the design of mobile services. The framework is applied to maritime navigation.

Mathieu Petit, Cyril Ray, Christophe Claramunt

P2P and Agent Service Based On-Line 3DGIS

Abstract

Currently, the 3DGIS on the web can not meet the requirement of many applications because of the low network bandwidth, the large amount data involved, and the need of high speed of data transportation. To resolve the problems, in this paper, the on-line 3DGIS based on P2P agent distributed computing environment is proposed. We designed the tile-based 3D terrain and the mechanism of the distribution and management of 3DGIS data on P2P agent environment. We also proposed data searching and transmission algorithms for on-line 3DGIS. Finally, the data security mechanism of on-line 3DGIS is presented.

Xi-Cheng Tan, Fu-Ling Bian

Session 5 - Data Management and Data Retrieval Methods

Integrating Data from Maps on the World-Wide Web

Abstract

A substantial amount of data about geographical entities is available on the World-Wide Web, in the form of digital maps. This paper investigates the integration of such data. A three-step integration process is presented. First, geographical objects are retrieved from Maps on the Web. Secondly, pairs of objects that represent the same real-world entity, in different maps, are discovered and the information about them is combined. Finally, selected objects are presented to the user. The proposed process is efficient, accurate (i.e., the discovery of corresponding objects has high recall and precision) and it can be applied to any pair of digital maps, without requiring the existence of specific attributes. For the step of discovering corresponding objects, three new algorithms are presented. These algorithms modify existing methods that use only the locations of geographical objects, so that information additional to locations will be utilized in the process. The three algorithms are compared using experiments on datasets with varying levels of completeness and accuracy. It is shown that when used correctly, additional information can improve the accuracy of location-based methods even when the data is not complete or not entirely accurate.

Eliyahu Safra, Yaron Kanza, Yehoshua Sagiv, Yerach Doytsher

Web-Based Cluster Analysis for the Time-Series Signature of Local Spatial Association

Abstract

We propose a method for modeling the time-series of local spatial association in geographical phenomena and implement a Web-based statistical GIS for the time-series analysis using client-provided dataset. In order to examine the pattern of time-series and classify similar ones on a cluster basis, we employ Moran scatterplot and extend it to time-series Moran scatterplot accumulated over a certain span of time. Using the time-series Moran scatterplot, we develop similarity measures of “state sequence” and “clustering transition” for the time-series of local spatial association. If we connect n corresponding points of a region on the time-series Moran scatterplot, the connected line composed of n nodes and n-1 edges forms a time-series signature of local spatial association for the region. From the similarity matrix of the time-series signatures, we generate a map of the clustered classification of changing regions. These analytical functionalities of cluster analysis on the time-series of local spatial association are implemented in a Web-based GIS using XML Web Services.

Jae-Seong Ahn, Yang-Won Lee, Key-Ho Park

A Methodology for Predicting Performances of Map-Matching Algorithms

Abstract

Map matching is not always perfect and sometimes produces mismatches. Thus, there is a degree of uncertainty for how well a map-matching algorithm will perform under certain circumstances. Circumstantial factors include accuracies of sensor data and surrounding road network structure, among others. This paper attempts to shed light on this uncertainty and proposes a methodology for predicting performances of map matching algorithms at given locations on a digital road network. In short, using a vehicle’s position, the proposed methodology can be employed to predict the performance of a map-matching algorithm at that position. Since map-matching algorithms are different in their logic of matching vehicle’s positions to road segments, there should be a separate prediction algorithm based on the methodology for each map-matching algorithm. To demonstrate the methodology’s benefits, a probability algorithm to predict the performance of a point-to-curve map-matching algorithm is outlined.

Hassan A. Karimi, Thomas Conahan, Duangduen Roongpiboonsopit

Path Planning for Chaining Geospatial Web Services

Abstract

Semantic Web technologies provide a promising prospect for automatic discovery and chaining of geospatial Web services. This paper addresses semantic geospatial Web services, particularly the path planning for service chaining. We use OWL-S to represent the geospatial semantic Web service. A graph with nodes representing services and connection weights representing degrees of semantic matching between nodes is formulated using information from multiple geospatial semantic Web services. The graph is used to build logical path models, which can be instantiated to a physical service chain for execution. A prototype system, which includes a real world geospatial model, is implemented to demonstrate the concept and approach.

Peng Yue, Liping Di, Wenli Yang, Genong Yu, Peisheng Zhao

Session 6 - Semantic Geo-spatial Web and Ubiquitous W2GIS

Indexing Moving Objects on Road Networks in P2P and Broadcasting Environments

Abstract

Scalability is one of the crucial problems in realizing massively distributed systems such as ubiquitous computing. In this paper, we focus on indexing methods in massively distributed environments. A number of work on indexing in P2P, like CAN and Chord, have been devoted to overcome this problem. The lengths of routing path are \(O(dn^{\frac{1}{d}})\) for CAN and O(logn) for Chord, which are in fact the cost of search, where there are n nodes. In this paper, we propose an alternative indexing scheme not only relying on P2P but also on broadcasting environments. The contributions of this paper include firstly the reduction of routing path to nearly O(1) for road-oriented query by using broadcasting, and secondly handling the mobility of nodes on road networks.

Hye-Young Kang, Jung-Soo Kim, Ki-Joune Li

GeoComputation in the Grid Computing Age

Abstract

This paper first discusses some challenges that current GeoComputation faces in terms of usability, feasibility, applicability and availability, and the opportunities that will arise when new computing technologies, especially Grid Computing, emerge and prevail. A Grid-based geospatial problem-solving architecture is proposed to provide a solution for building an easy-to-use, widely accessible and high-performance geospatial problem-solving environment that integrates multiple complicated GeoComputational processes at an acceptable cost. A parallel geographic cellular automata model is given as an example to address some distinguishing issues when designing and implementing parallel algorithms for GeoComputation to effectively and efficiently utilize the computational Grid.

Qingfeng Guan, Tong Zhang, Keith C. Clarke

Semantic Spatial Web Services with Case-Based Reasoning

Abstract

With the rapid proliferation of spatial information on the web, the development of spatial web services represents a challenging issue. The research presented in this paper introduces a novel approach for the integration of spatial semantics within a case-based reasoning solution for the delivery of spatial information services on the Web. The framework integrates Web services in the decision making process and is adaptable to service requester constraints. The framework is based on OWL semantic descriptions for implementing both the components of the CBR engine and the matchmaking profile of the Web services. The framework and approach are illustrated with web-based travel planning, e.g. flight schedule arrangement according to user’s requests, constraints, and preferences.

Taha Osman, Dhavalkumar Thakker, Yanwu Yang, Christophe Claramunt

TMOM: A Moving Object Main Memory-Based DBMS for Telematics Services

Abstract

Recently with the growth of the Internet and the activation of wireless communication, telematics services are emerging as promising next-generation business in the IT area. In order to provide telematics services, technologies in various areas are required but particularly DBMS technology for efficient data processing and management is an essential key technology for all types of telematics services. This paper designed and implemented TMOM (Telematics Moving Object Main Memory DBMS) to meet efficiently the requirements that telematics services should be provided in real-time. TMOM follows the spatial data model of OpenGIS “Simple Features Specification for SQL”, and provides spatial, spatio-temporal and temporal types and corresponding operators for processing the moving object data. In addition, it supports optimized spatial, spatio-temporal and trajectory indexes in the main memory for fast search of large moving object data and provides a recovery function that can minimize disk input-output to maximize system performance. Also, for high transmission efficiency in data import/export between telematics applications and a back-end DBMS, it supports a compression function and a data caching function suitable for the characteristics of spatial data.

Joung-Joon Kim, Dong-Suk Hong, Hong-Koo Kang, Ki-Joon Han

Backmatter

Titel: Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems
herausgegeben von: James D. Carswell
Taro Tezuka
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-540-49467-6
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-49466-9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11935148