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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

2. Western Triumphalism

verfasst von : Heleen Mees

Erschienen in: The Chinese Birdcage

Verlag: Palgrave Macmillan US

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Abstract

In 1980, Thatcher and Reagan both won the election on a platform of lower taxation, smaller government, and breaking the trade unions. Their brand of neoliberalism quickly became highly influential throughout the 1980s. The fall of the Berlin Wall, less than ten years later, was widely seen as an affirmation of free market ideology, which, in the words of Fukuyama, would inevitably lead to democratization. His bestseller The End of History and the Last Man in 1992 was the perfect pretext to put China on the fast track to becoming a member of the World Trade Organization. While many politicians and business leaders at the time saw China as the one-billion-people market, few fathomed that China would prove first and foremost a competitor.

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Fußnoten
1
John Williamson coined the term “Washington consensus” in 1989.
 
2
Willem Buiter, Giancarlo Corsetti, Nouriel Roubini, and Jeffrey Frankel, “Excessive Deficits: Sense and Nonsense in the Treaty of Maastricht,” Economic Policy, Vol. 8, No. 16, April 1993, pp. 57–100.
 
3
World Economic Outlook, “The Time Is Right for an Infrastructure Push,” September 2014.
 
4
John Williamson, “A Short History of the Washington consensus,” 2004.
 
5
International Monetary Fund, WEO Database, October 2015.
 
6
Paul Krugman, “Why Weren’t Alarm Bells Ringing?,” The New York Review of Books, October 23, 2014.
 
7
Katrina vanden Heuvel and Stephen F. Cohen, “Gorbachev on 1989,” The Nation, November 16, 2009.
 
8
The Nation (2009).
 
9
According to Zucman, the fraction of wealth held abroad in Russia is as much as 50 percent (Gabriel Zucman, “Taxing across Borders: Tracking Personal Wealth and Corporate Profits,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, Volume 28, Number 4, Pages 121–148, 2014).
 
10
Alan Ryan, “Professor Hegel Goes to Washington,” The New York Review of Books, March 26, 1992.
 
11
“What Is Fukuyama Saying? And To Whom Is He Saying It?,” The New York Times magazine, October 22, 1989.
 
12
Old Executive Office Building. Washington, DC, October 29, 1997.
 
13
Triangulation is the term given to the act of a politician presenting his ideology as being above or between the left and right sides.
 
14
President Jiang’s travel schedule included a visit to Independence Hall and Liberty Bell in Philadelphia, generally regarded as the cradle of American democracy.
 
15
In the aftermath of President Jiang’s visit both Wang Dan as well as Wei Jingsheng were released and given a free passage to the USA.
 
16
Talk at the National Geographic Society, Washington D.C., June 11, 1998.
 
17
BBC News, November 24, 1999.
 
18
US Census.
 
19
Lee Branstetter and Nicholas Lardy, “China’s Embrace of Globalization,” in Chinas Great Economic Transformation , edited by Loren Brandt, Thomas G. Rawski, Cambridge University Press, 2008.
 
20
Branstetter and Lardy (2008).
 
21
The theory of Ricardo implies that comparative advantage, rather than absolute advantage, is responsible for much of international trade.
 
22
International Monetary Fund Staff Country Report No. 96/40, People’s Republic of China – Recent Economic Developments, 1996.
 
Metadaten
Titel
Western Triumphalism
verfasst von
Heleen Mees
Copyright-Jahr
2016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58886-9_2