Skip to main content

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. What’s in a p? Reassessing Best Practices for Conducting and Reporting Hypothesis-Testing Research

verfasst von : Klaus E. Meyer, Arjen van Witteloostuijn, Sjoerd Beugelsdijk

Erschienen in: Research Methods in International Business

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Social science research has recently been subject to considerable criticism regarding the validity and power of empirical tests published in leading journals, and business scholarship is no exception. Transparency and replicability of empirical findings are essential to build a cumulative body of scholarly knowledge. Yet current practices are under increased scrutiny to achieve these objectives. JIBS is therefore discussing and revising its editorial practices to enhance the validity of empirical research. In this editorial, we reflect on best practices with respect to conducting, reporting, and discussing the results of quantitative hypothesis-testing research, and we develop guidelines for authors to enhance the rigor of their empirical work. This will not only help readers to assess empirical evidence comprehensively, but also enable subsequent research to build a cumulative body of empirical knowledge.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Anhänge
Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich
Fußnoten
1
In many disciplines contributing to international business research, conventional Type 1 error probabilities are p < 0.05 or 0.01. There are situations where a higher Type 1 error probability, such as p < 0.10, might be justified (Cascio and Zedeck 1983; Aguinis et al. 2010), for example, when the dataset is small and a larger dataset is unrealistic to obtain.
 
2
Note that according to Dalton et al. (2012), the selection bias (or file-drawer problem) does not appear to affect correlation tables in published versus unpublished papers.
 
3
A “true” p-value would be the p-value observed in a regression analysis that was designed based on all available theoretical knowledge (e.g., regarding the measurement of variables and the inclusion of controls), and not changed after seeing the first regression results.
 
4
Brodeur et al. (2016) extensively test whether this assumption holds, as well as the sensitivity of the overall distribution to issues like rounding, the number of tests performed in each article, number of tables included, and many more. Similar to Brodeur et al. (2016), we explored the sensitivity of the shape of the distribution to such issues, and we have no reason to assume that the final result in Figure 4.1 is sensitive to these issues.
 
5
The spikes at z-scores of 3, 4, and 5 are the result of rounding and are an artefact of the data. As coefficients and standard errors reported in tables are rounded – often at 2 or 3 digits – very small coefficients and standard errors automatically imply ratios of rounded numbers, and as a consequence, result in a relatively large number of z-scores with the integer value of 3, 4, or 5. This observation is in line with the findings reported for Economics journals by Brodeur et al. (2016).
 
6
The data on which the graph is based are taken from Beugelsdijk et al. (2014).
 
7
If authors believe that certain suggested additional tests are not reasonable or not feasible (for example, because certain data do not exist), then they should communicate that in their reply. The editor then has to evaluate the merits of the arguments of authors and reviewers, if necessary bringing in an expert on a particular methodology at hand. If the latter is required, this can be indicated in the Manuscript Central submission process.
 
8
A laudable exception is the recent special issue of Strategic Management Journal on replication (Bettis et al. 2016b).
 
9
The grand total is heavily influenced by SMJ with 362 tested hypotheses, vis-à vis 164 in JIBS and 185 in Organization Science.
 
10
An interesting alternative may be abduction. For example, see Dikova, Parker, and van Witteloostuijn (2017), who define abduction as “as a form of logical inference that begins with an observation and concludes with a hypothesis that accounts for the observation, ideally seeking to find the simplest and most likely explanation.” See also, e.g., Misangyi and Acharya (2014).
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Aguinis, H., S. Werner, J.L. Abbott, C. Angert, J.H. Park, and D. Kohlhausen. 2010. Customer-centric research: Reporting significant research results with rigor, relevance, and practical impact in mind. Organizational Research Methods 13 (3): 515–539.CrossRef Aguinis, H., S. Werner, J.L. Abbott, C. Angert, J.H. Park, and D. Kohlhausen. 2010. Customer-centric research: Reporting significant research results with rigor, relevance, and practical impact in mind. Organizational Research Methods 13 (3): 515–539.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Andersson, U., A. Cuervo-Cazurra, and B.B. Nielsen. 2014. Explaining interaction effects within and across levels of analysis. Journal of International Business Studies 45 (9): 1063–1071.CrossRef Andersson, U., A. Cuervo-Cazurra, and B.B. Nielsen. 2014. Explaining interaction effects within and across levels of analysis. Journal of International Business Studies 45 (9): 1063–1071.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Angrist, J.D., and A. Krueger. 2001. Instrumental variables and the search for identification: Form supply and demand to natural experiments. Journal of Economic Perspectives 15 (4): 69–85.CrossRef Angrist, J.D., and A. Krueger. 2001. Instrumental variables and the search for identification: Form supply and demand to natural experiments. Journal of Economic Perspectives 15 (4): 69–85.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Angrist, J.D., and J.S. Pischke. 2010. The credibility revolution in empirical economics: How better research design is taking the con out of econometrics. Journal of Economic Perspectives 24 (2): 3–30.CrossRef Angrist, J.D., and J.S. Pischke. 2010. The credibility revolution in empirical economics: How better research design is taking the con out of econometrics. Journal of Economic Perspectives 24 (2): 3–30.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Antonakis, J., S. Bendahan, P. Jacquart, and R. Lalive. 2010. On making causal claims: A review and recommendations. Leadership Quarterly 21 (6): 1086–1120.CrossRef Antonakis, J., S. Bendahan, P. Jacquart, and R. Lalive. 2010. On making causal claims: A review and recommendations. Leadership Quarterly 21 (6): 1086–1120.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Barley, S.R. 2016. 60th anniversary essay: Ruminations on how we became a mystery house and how we might get out. Administrative Science Quarterly 61 (1): 1–8.CrossRef Barley, S.R. 2016. 60th anniversary essay: Ruminations on how we became a mystery house and how we might get out. Administrative Science Quarterly 61 (1): 1–8.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bedeian, A.G., S.G. Taylor, and A. Miller. 2010. Management science on the credibility bubble: Cardinal sins and various misdemeanors. Academy of Management Learning & Education 9 (4): 715–725. Bedeian, A.G., S.G. Taylor, and A. Miller. 2010. Management science on the credibility bubble: Cardinal sins and various misdemeanors. Academy of Management Learning & Education 9 (4): 715–725.
Zurück zum Zitat Bettis, R.A. 2012. The search for asterisks: Compromised statistical tests and flawed theory. Strategic Management Journal 33 (1): 108–113.CrossRef Bettis, R.A. 2012. The search for asterisks: Compromised statistical tests and flawed theory. Strategic Management Journal 33 (1): 108–113.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bettis, R.A., S. Ethiraj, A. Gambardella, C.E. Helfat, and W. Mitchell. 2016a. Creating repeatable cumulative knowledge in strategic management. Strategic Management Journal 37 (2): 257–261.CrossRef Bettis, R.A., S. Ethiraj, A. Gambardella, C.E. Helfat, and W. Mitchell. 2016a. Creating repeatable cumulative knowledge in strategic management. Strategic Management Journal 37 (2): 257–261.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bettis, R.A., C.E. Helfat, and M.J. Shaver. 2016b. Special issue: Replication in strategic management. Strategic Management Journal 37 (11): 2191–2388.CrossRef Bettis, R.A., C.E. Helfat, and M.J. Shaver. 2016b. Special issue: Replication in strategic management. Strategic Management Journal 37 (11): 2191–2388.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Beugelsdijk, S., H.L.F. de Groot, and A.B.T.M. van Schaik. 2004. Trust and economic growth: A robustness analysis. Oxford Economic Papers 56 (1): 118–134.CrossRef Beugelsdijk, S., H.L.F. de Groot, and A.B.T.M. van Schaik. 2004. Trust and economic growth: A robustness analysis. Oxford Economic Papers 56 (1): 118–134.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Beugelsdijk, S., A. Slangen, M. Onrust, A. van Hoorn, and R. Maseland. 2014. The impact of home-host cultural distance on foreign affiliate sales: The moderating role of cultural variation within host countries. Journal of Business Research 67 (8): 1638–1646.CrossRef Beugelsdijk, S., A. Slangen, M. Onrust, A. van Hoorn, and R. Maseland. 2014. The impact of home-host cultural distance on foreign affiliate sales: The moderating role of cultural variation within host countries. Journal of Business Research 67 (8): 1638–1646.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bhattacharjee, Y. 2013. The mind of a con man. New York Times Magazine, April 26. Bhattacharjee, Y. 2013. The mind of a con man. New York Times Magazine, April 26.
Zurück zum Zitat Bobko, P. 2001. Correlation and regression: Applications for industrial organizational psychology and management. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage.CrossRef Bobko, P. 2001. Correlation and regression: Applications for industrial organizational psychology and management. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bosco, F.A., H. Aguinis, K. Singh, J.G. Field, and C.A. Pierce. 2015. Correlational effect size benchmarks. Journal of Applied Psychology 100 (2): 431–449.CrossRef Bosco, F.A., H. Aguinis, K. Singh, J.G. Field, and C.A. Pierce. 2015. Correlational effect size benchmarks. Journal of Applied Psychology 100 (2): 431–449.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bosco, F.A., H. Aguinis, J.G. Field, C.A. Pierce, and D.R. Dalton. 2016. HARKing’s threat to organizational research: Evidence from primary and meta – Analytic sources. Personnel Psychology 69 (3): 709–750.CrossRef Bosco, F.A., H. Aguinis, J.G. Field, C.A. Pierce, and D.R. Dalton. 2016. HARKing’s threat to organizational research: Evidence from primary and meta – Analytic sources. Personnel Psychology 69 (3): 709–750.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Brambor, T., W.R. Clark, and M. Golder. 2006. Understanding interaction models: Improving empirical analyses. Political Analysis 14 (1): 63–82.CrossRef Brambor, T., W.R. Clark, and M. Golder. 2006. Understanding interaction models: Improving empirical analyses. Political Analysis 14 (1): 63–82.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Branch, M. 2014. Malignant side-effects of null-hypothesis testing. Theory and Psychology 24 (2): 256–277.CrossRef Branch, M. 2014. Malignant side-effects of null-hypothesis testing. Theory and Psychology 24 (2): 256–277.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Brodeur, A., M. Le, M. Sangnier, and Y. Zylberberg. 2016. Star wars: The empirics strike back. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 8 (1): 1–32. Brodeur, A., M. Le, M. Sangnier, and Y. Zylberberg. 2016. Star wars: The empirics strike back. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 8 (1): 1–32.
Zurück zum Zitat Buckley, P., T. Devinney, and J.J. Louviere. 2007. Do managers behave the way theory suggests? A choice-theoretic examination of foreign direct investment location decision-making. Journal of International Business Studies 38 (7): 1069–1094.CrossRef Buckley, P., T. Devinney, and J.J. Louviere. 2007. Do managers behave the way theory suggests? A choice-theoretic examination of foreign direct investment location decision-making. Journal of International Business Studies 38 (7): 1069–1094.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cascio, W.F., and S. Zedeck. 1983. Open a new window in rational research planning: Adjust alpha to maximize statistical power. Personnel Psychology 36 (3): 517–526.CrossRef Cascio, W.F., and S. Zedeck. 1983. Open a new window in rational research planning: Adjust alpha to maximize statistical power. Personnel Psychology 36 (3): 517–526.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Choi, J., and F. Contractor. 2016. Choosing an appropriate alliance governance mode: The role of institutional, cultural and geographic distance in international research & development (R&D) collaborations. Journal of International Business Studies 47 (2): 210–232.CrossRef Choi, J., and F. Contractor. 2016. Choosing an appropriate alliance governance mode: The role of institutional, cultural and geographic distance in international research & development (R&D) collaborations. Journal of International Business Studies 47 (2): 210–232.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cohen, J. 1969. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New York: Academic Press. Cohen, J. 1969. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New York: Academic Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Cortina, J.M., T. Kohler, and B.B. Nielsen. 2015. Restriction of variance interaction effects and their importance for international business. Journal of International Business Studies 46 (8): 879–885.CrossRef Cortina, J.M., T. Kohler, and B.B. Nielsen. 2015. Restriction of variance interaction effects and their importance for international business. Journal of International Business Studies 46 (8): 879–885.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Crosswell, J.M., et al. 2009. Cumulative incidence of false positive results in repeated, multimodal cancer screening. Annals of Family Medicine 7 (3): 212–222.CrossRef Crosswell, J.M., et al. 2009. Cumulative incidence of false positive results in repeated, multimodal cancer screening. Annals of Family Medicine 7 (3): 212–222.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dalton, D.R., H. Aguinis, C.A. Dalton, F.A. Bosco, and C.A. Pierce. 2012. Revisiting the file drawer problem in meta-analysis: An empirical assessment of published and non-published correlation matrices. Personnel Psychology 65 (2): 221–249.CrossRef Dalton, D.R., H. Aguinis, C.A. Dalton, F.A. Bosco, and C.A. Pierce. 2012. Revisiting the file drawer problem in meta-analysis: An empirical assessment of published and non-published correlation matrices. Personnel Psychology 65 (2): 221–249.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dikova, D., S.C. Parker, and A. van Witteloostuijn. 2017. Capability, environment and internationalization fit, and financial and marketing performance of MNEs’ foreign subsidiaries: An abductive contingency approach. Cross-Cultural and Strategic Management 24 (3): 405–435.CrossRef Dikova, D., S.C. Parker, and A. van Witteloostuijn. 2017. Capability, environment and internationalization fit, and financial and marketing performance of MNEs’ foreign subsidiaries: An abductive contingency approach. Cross-Cultural and Strategic Management 24 (3): 405–435.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Doh, J. 2015. Why we need phenomenon-based research in international business. Journal of World Business 50 (4): 609–611.CrossRef Doh, J. 2015. Why we need phenomenon-based research in international business. Journal of World Business 50 (4): 609–611.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Doucouliagos, C., and T.D. Stanley. 2013. Are all economic facts greatly exaggerated? Theory competition and selectivity. Journal of Economic Surveys 27 (2): 316–339.CrossRef Doucouliagos, C., and T.D. Stanley. 2013. Are all economic facts greatly exaggerated? Theory competition and selectivity. Journal of Economic Surveys 27 (2): 316–339.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ferguson, C.J., and M. Heene. 2012. A vast graveyard of undead theories: Publication bias and psychological science’s aversion to the null. Perspectives on Psychological Science 7 (6): 555–561.CrossRef Ferguson, C.J., and M. Heene. 2012. A vast graveyard of undead theories: Publication bias and psychological science’s aversion to the null. Perspectives on Psychological Science 7 (6): 555–561.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fisher, R.A. 1925. Statistical methods for research workers. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd. Fisher, R.A. 1925. Statistical methods for research workers. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.
Zurück zum Zitat Fisher, R., and S. Schwartz. 2011. Whence differences in value priorities? Individual, cultural, and artefactual sources. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 42 (7): 1127–1144.CrossRef Fisher, R., and S. Schwartz. 2011. Whence differences in value priorities? Individual, cultural, and artefactual sources. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 42 (7): 1127–1144.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fox, P.J., and C.A.W. Glas. 2002. Modeling measurement error in a structural multilevel model. In Latent variable and latent structure models, ed. G.A. Marcoulides and I. Moustaki. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Fox, P.J., and C.A.W. Glas. 2002. Modeling measurement error in a structural multilevel model. In Latent variable and latent structure models, ed. G.A. Marcoulides and I. Moustaki. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Zurück zum Zitat Gerber, A.S., D.P. Green, and D. Nickerson. 2001. Testing for publication bias in political science. Political Analysis 9 (4): 385–392.CrossRef Gerber, A.S., D.P. Green, and D. Nickerson. 2001. Testing for publication bias in political science. Political Analysis 9 (4): 385–392.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gigerenzer, G. 2004. Mindless statistics. Journal of Socio-Economics 33 (5): 587–606.CrossRef Gigerenzer, G. 2004. Mindless statistics. Journal of Socio-Economics 33 (5): 587–606.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Goldfarb, B., and A. King. 2016. Scientific Apophenia in strategic management research: Significance tests & mistaken inference. Strategic Management Journal 37 (1): 167–176.CrossRef Goldfarb, B., and A. King. 2016. Scientific Apophenia in strategic management research: Significance tests & mistaken inference. Strategic Management Journal 37 (1): 167–176.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gorg, H., and E. Strobl. 2001. Multinational companies and productivity spillovers: A meta-analysis with a test for publication bias. Economic Journal 111: F723–F739.CrossRef Gorg, H., and E. Strobl. 2001. Multinational companies and productivity spillovers: A meta-analysis with a test for publication bias. Economic Journal 111: F723–F739.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Greene, W. 2010. Testing hypotheses about interaction terms in nonlinear models. Economics Letters 107: 291–296.CrossRef Greene, W. 2010. Testing hypotheses about interaction terms in nonlinear models. Economics Letters 107: 291–296.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Haans, R.F.P., C. Pieters, and Z.L. He. 2016. Thinking about U: Theorizing and testing U-and inverted U-shaped relationships in strategy research. Strategic Management Journal 37 (7): 1177–1196.CrossRef Haans, R.F.P., C. Pieters, and Z.L. He. 2016. Thinking about U: Theorizing and testing U-and inverted U-shaped relationships in strategy research. Strategic Management Journal 37 (7): 1177–1196.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Henrich, J., S.J. Heine, and A. Norenzayan. 2010a. The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33 (2–3): 61–83.CrossRef Henrich, J., S.J. Heine, and A. Norenzayan. 2010a. The weirdest people in the world? Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33 (2–3): 61–83.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hoetker, G. 2007. The use of logit and probit models in strategic management research: Critical issues. Strategic Management Journal 28 (4): 331–343.CrossRef Hoetker, G. 2007. The use of logit and probit models in strategic management research: Critical issues. Strategic Management Journal 28 (4): 331–343.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hubbard, R., D.E. Vetter, and E.L. Little. 1998. Replication in strategic management: Scientific testing for validity, generalizability, and usefulness. Strategic Management Journal 19 (3): 243–254.CrossRef Hubbard, R., D.E. Vetter, and E.L. Little. 1998. Replication in strategic management: Scientific testing for validity, generalizability, and usefulness. Strategic Management Journal 19 (3): 243–254.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hunter, J.E., and F.L. Schmidt. 2015. Methods of meta-analysis: Correcting error and bias in research findings. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage. Hunter, J.E., and F.L. Schmidt. 2015. Methods of meta-analysis: Correcting error and bias in research findings. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Zurück zum Zitat Husted, B.W., I. Montiel, and P. Christmann. 2016. Effects of local legitimacy on certification decision to global and national CSR standards by multinational subsidiaries and domestic firms. Journal of International Business Studies 47 (3): 382–397.CrossRef Husted, B.W., I. Montiel, and P. Christmann. 2016. Effects of local legitimacy on certification decision to global and national CSR standards by multinational subsidiaries and domestic firms. Journal of International Business Studies 47 (3): 382–397.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ioannidis, J.P.A. 2005. Why most published research findings are false. PLoS Medicine 2 (8): e124.CrossRef Ioannidis, J.P.A. 2005. Why most published research findings are false. PLoS Medicine 2 (8): e124.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat ———. 2012. Why science is not necessarily self-correcting. Perspectives on Psychological Science 7 (6): 645–654.CrossRef ———. 2012. Why science is not necessarily self-correcting. Perspectives on Psychological Science 7 (6): 645–654.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat John, L.K., G. Loewenstein, and D. Prelec. 2012. Measuring the prevalence of questionable research practices with incentives for truth-telling. Psychological Science 23 (5): 524–532.CrossRef John, L.K., G. Loewenstein, and D. Prelec. 2012. Measuring the prevalence of questionable research practices with incentives for truth-telling. Psychological Science 23 (5): 524–532.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kerr, N.L. 1998. HARKIng: Hypothesizing after results are known. Personality and Social Psychology Review 2 (3): 196–217.CrossRef Kerr, N.L. 1998. HARKIng: Hypothesizing after results are known. Personality and Social Psychology Review 2 (3): 196–217.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kingsley, A.F., T.G. Noordewier, and R.G. Vanden Bergh. 2017. Overstating and understating interaction results in international business research. Journal of World Business 52 (2): 286–295.CrossRef Kingsley, A.F., T.G. Noordewier, and R.G. Vanden Bergh. 2017. Overstating and understating interaction results in international business research. Journal of World Business 52 (2): 286–295.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kirk, R.E. 1996. Practical significance: A concept whose time has come. Educational and Psychological Measurement 56 (5): 746–759.CrossRef Kirk, R.E. 1996. Practical significance: A concept whose time has come. Educational and Psychological Measurement 56 (5): 746–759.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Leamer, E.E. 1985. Sensitivity analyses would help. American Economic Review 75 (3): 308–313. Leamer, E.E. 1985. Sensitivity analyses would help. American Economic Review 75 (3): 308–313.
Zurück zum Zitat Lewin, A.Y., C.Y. Chiu, C.F. Fey, S.S. Levine, G. McDermott, J.P. Murmann, and E. Tsang. 2016. The critique of empirical social science: New policies at Management and Organization Review. Management and Organization Review 12 (4): 649–658.CrossRef Lewin, A.Y., C.Y. Chiu, C.F. Fey, S.S. Levine, G. McDermott, J.P. Murmann, and E. Tsang. 2016. The critique of empirical social science: New policies at Management and Organization Review. Management and Organization Review 12 (4): 649–658.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lexchin, J., L.A. Bero, B. Djulbegovic, and O. Clark. 2003. Pharmaceutical industry sponsorship and research outcome and quality: Systematic review. British Medical Journal 326 (7400): 1167–1170.CrossRef Lexchin, J., L.A. Bero, B. Djulbegovic, and O. Clark. 2003. Pharmaceutical industry sponsorship and research outcome and quality: Systematic review. British Medical Journal 326 (7400): 1167–1170.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Masicampo, E.J., and D.R. Lalande. 2012. A peculiar prevalence of p-values just below 0.05. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 65 (11): 2271–2279.CrossRef Masicampo, E.J., and D.R. Lalande. 2012. A peculiar prevalence of p-values just below 0.05. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 65 (11): 2271–2279.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat McCloskey, D.N. 1985. The loss function has been mislaid: The rhetoric of significance tests. American Economic Review 75 (2): 201–205. McCloskey, D.N. 1985. The loss function has been mislaid: The rhetoric of significance tests. American Economic Review 75 (2): 201–205.
Zurück zum Zitat McCloskey, D.N., and S.T. Ziliak. 1996. The standard error of regressions. Journal of Economic Literature 34: 97–114. McCloskey, D.N., and S.T. Ziliak. 1996. The standard error of regressions. Journal of Economic Literature 34: 97–114.
Zurück zum Zitat Meyer, K.E. 2006. Asian management research needs more self-confidence. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 23 (2): 119–137.CrossRef Meyer, K.E. 2006. Asian management research needs more self-confidence. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 23 (2): 119–137.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat ———. 2009. Motivating, testing, and publishing curvilinear effects in management research. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 26 (2): 187–193.CrossRef ———. 2009. Motivating, testing, and publishing curvilinear effects in management research. Asia Pacific Journal of Management 26 (2): 187–193.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Misangyi, V.F., and A.G. Acharya. 2014. Substitutes or complements? A configurational examination of corporate governance mechanisms. Academy of Management Journal 57 (6): 1681–1705.CrossRef Misangyi, V.F., and A.G. Acharya. 2014. Substitutes or complements? A configurational examination of corporate governance mechanisms. Academy of Management Journal 57 (6): 1681–1705.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Orlitzky, M. 2012. How can significance tests be deinstitutionalized? Organizational Research Methods 15 (2): 199–228.CrossRef Orlitzky, M. 2012. How can significance tests be deinstitutionalized? Organizational Research Methods 15 (2): 199–228.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Pashler, H., and E.-J. Wagenmakers. 2012. Editors’ introduction to the special section on replicability in psychological science: A crisis of confidence? Perspectives on Psychological Science 7 (6): 528–530.CrossRef Pashler, H., and E.-J. Wagenmakers. 2012. Editors’ introduction to the special section on replicability in psychological science: A crisis of confidence? Perspectives on Psychological Science 7 (6): 528–530.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Peterson, M., J.L. Arregle, and X. Martin. 2012. Multi-level models in international business research. Journal of International Business Studies 43 (5): 451–457.CrossRef Peterson, M., J.L. Arregle, and X. Martin. 2012. Multi-level models in international business research. Journal of International Business Studies 43 (5): 451–457.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Pfeffer, J. 2007. A modest proposal: How we might change the process and product of managerial research. Academy of Management Journal 50 (6): 1334–1345.CrossRef Pfeffer, J. 2007. A modest proposal: How we might change the process and product of managerial research. Academy of Management Journal 50 (6): 1334–1345.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Popper, K. 1959. The logic of scientific discovery. London: Hutchinson. Popper, K. 1959. The logic of scientific discovery. London: Hutchinson.
Zurück zum Zitat Reeb, D., M. Sakakibara, and I.P. Mahmood. 2012. From the editors: Endogeneity in international business research. Journal of International Business Studies 43 (3): 211–218.CrossRef Reeb, D., M. Sakakibara, and I.P. Mahmood. 2012. From the editors: Endogeneity in international business research. Journal of International Business Studies 43 (3): 211–218.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rosenthal, R. 1979. The “file drawer problem” and tolerance for null results. Psychological Bulletin 86 (3): 638–641.CrossRef Rosenthal, R. 1979. The “file drawer problem” and tolerance for null results. Psychological Bulletin 86 (3): 638–641.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rosnow, R.L., and R. Rosenthal. 1984. Understanding behavioral science: Research methods for customers. New York: McGraw-Hill. Rosnow, R.L., and R. Rosenthal. 1984. Understanding behavioral science: Research methods for customers. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Zurück zum Zitat Rothstein, H.R., A.J. Sutton, and M. Borenstein. 2005. Publication bias in meta-analysis, prevention, assessment and adjustment. New York: Wiley.CrossRef Rothstein, H.R., A.J. Sutton, and M. Borenstein. 2005. Publication bias in meta-analysis, prevention, assessment and adjustment. New York: Wiley.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sala-i-Martin, X. 1997. I just ran two million regressions. American Economic Review 87 (2): 178–183. Sala-i-Martin, X. 1997. I just ran two million regressions. American Economic Review 87 (2): 178–183.
Zurück zum Zitat Shadish, W.R., T.D. Cook, and D. Campbell. 2002. Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. New York: Houghton Mifflin. Shadish, W.R., T.D. Cook, and D. Campbell. 2002. Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. New York: Houghton Mifflin.
Zurück zum Zitat Simmons, J.P., L.D. Nelson, and U. Simonsohn. 2011. Falsepositive psychology: Undisclosed flexibility in data collection and analysis allows presenting anything as significant. Psychological Science 22 (11): 1359–1366.CrossRef Simmons, J.P., L.D. Nelson, and U. Simonsohn. 2011. Falsepositive psychology: Undisclosed flexibility in data collection and analysis allows presenting anything as significant. Psychological Science 22 (11): 1359–1366.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sterling, T.D. 1959. Publication decision and their possible effects on inferences drawn from tests of significance – Vice versa. Journal of the American Statistical Association 54 (285): 30–34. Sterling, T.D. 1959. Publication decision and their possible effects on inferences drawn from tests of significance – Vice versa. Journal of the American Statistical Association 54 (285): 30–34.
Zurück zum Zitat van Witteloostuijn, A. 2015. Toward experimental international business: Unraveling fundamental causal linkages. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 22 (4): 530–544.CrossRef van Witteloostuijn, A. 2015. Toward experimental international business: Unraveling fundamental causal linkages. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 22 (4): 530–544.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat ———. 2016. What happened to Popperian falsification? Publishing neutral and negative findings. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 23 (3): 481–508.CrossRef ———. 2016. What happened to Popperian falsification? Publishing neutral and negative findings. Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 23 (3): 481–508.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wiersema, M.F., and H.P. Bowen. 2009. The use of limited dependent variable techniques in strategy research: Issues and methods. Strategic Management Journal 30 (6): 679–692.CrossRef Wiersema, M.F., and H.P. Bowen. 2009. The use of limited dependent variable techniques in strategy research: Issues and methods. Strategic Management Journal 30 (6): 679–692.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Williams, R. 2012. Using the margins command to estimate and interpret adjusted predictions and marginal effects. Stata Journal 12 (2): 308.CrossRef Williams, R. 2012. Using the margins command to estimate and interpret adjusted predictions and marginal effects. Stata Journal 12 (2): 308.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wonnacott, T.H., and R.J. Wonnacott. 1990. Introductory statistics for business and economics. New York: Wiley. Wonnacott, T.H., and R.J. Wonnacott. 1990. Introductory statistics for business and economics. New York: Wiley.
Zurück zum Zitat Zedeck, S. 2003. Editorial. Journal of Applied Psychology 88 (1): 3–5.CrossRef Zedeck, S. 2003. Editorial. Journal of Applied Psychology 88 (1): 3–5.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zellmer-Bruhn, M., P. Caligiuri, and D. Thomas. 2016. From the editors: Experimental designs in international business research. Journal of International Business Studies 47 (4): 399–407.CrossRef Zellmer-Bruhn, M., P. Caligiuri, and D. Thomas. 2016. From the editors: Experimental designs in international business research. Journal of International Business Studies 47 (4): 399–407.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zelner, B. 2009. Using simulation to interpret results from logit, probit, and other nonlinear models. Strategic Management Journal 30 (12): 1335–1348.CrossRef Zelner, B. 2009. Using simulation to interpret results from logit, probit, and other nonlinear models. Strategic Management Journal 30 (12): 1335–1348.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
What’s in a p? Reassessing Best Practices for Conducting and Reporting Hypothesis-Testing Research
verfasst von
Klaus E. Meyer
Arjen van Witteloostuijn
Sjoerd Beugelsdijk
Copyright-Jahr
2020
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22113-3_4