Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Business and Psychology 2/2011

01.06.2011

When Does 360-Degree Feedback Create Behavior Change? And How Would We Know It When It Does?

verfasst von: David W. Bracken, Dale S. Rose

Erschienen in: Journal of Business and Psychology | Ausgabe 2/2011

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

360-degree feedback has great promise as a method for creating both behavior change and organization change, yet research demonstrating results to this effect has been mixed. The mixed results are, at least in part, because of the high degree of variation in design features across 360 processes. We identify four characteristics of a 360 process that are required to successfully create organization change, (1) relevant content, (2) credible data, (3) accountability, and (4) census participation, and cite the important research issues in each of those areas relative to design decisions. In addition, when behavior change is created, the data must be sufficiently reliable to detect it, and we highlight current and needed research in the measurement domain, using response scale research as a prime example.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
The authors have had frequent interaction with Allan Church on this topic over the years, and note that his views and practices have evolved to be more supportive of the use of 360-degree feedback for decision-making purposes.
 
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Antonioni, D., & Woehr, D. J. (2001). Improving the quality of multisource rater performance. In D. W. Bracken, C. W. Timmreck, & A. H. Church (Eds.), The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Antonioni, D., & Woehr, D. J. (2001). Improving the quality of multisource rater performance. In D. W. Bracken, C. W. Timmreck, & A. H. Church (Eds.), The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Atwater, L. E., & Brett, J. F. (2005). Antecedents and consequences of reactions to developmental 360° feedback. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66, 532–548.CrossRef Atwater, L. E., & Brett, J. F. (2005). Antecedents and consequences of reactions to developmental 360° feedback. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66, 532–548.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Atwater, L. E., & Waldman, D. (1998). Accountability in 360-degree feedback. HR Magazine, 43, 96–104. Atwater, L. E., & Waldman, D. (1998). Accountability in 360-degree feedback. HR Magazine, 43, 96–104.
Zurück zum Zitat Atwater, L. W., Wang, M., Smither, J. W., & Fleenor, J. W. (2009). Are cultural characteristics associated with the relationship between self and others’ ratings of leadership? Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 876–886.PubMedCrossRef Atwater, L. W., Wang, M., Smither, J. W., & Fleenor, J. W. (2009). Are cultural characteristics associated with the relationship between self and others’ ratings of leadership? Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 876–886.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bass, B. M., Cascio, W. F., & O’Connor, E. J. (1974). Magnitude estimations of expressions of frequency and amount. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(3), 313–320.CrossRef Bass, B. M., Cascio, W. F., & O’Connor, E. J. (1974). Magnitude estimations of expressions of frequency and amount. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59(3), 313–320.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bono, J., & Colbert, A. (2005). Understanding responses to multi-source feedback: the role of core self-evaluations. Personnel Psychology, 58, 171–203.CrossRef Bono, J., & Colbert, A. (2005). Understanding responses to multi-source feedback: the role of core self-evaluations. Personnel Psychology, 58, 171–203.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bracken, D. W. (1994). Straight talk about multirater feedback. Training & Development, 48, 44–51. Bracken, D. W. (1994). Straight talk about multirater feedback. Training & Development, 48, 44–51.
Zurück zum Zitat Bracken, D. W. (1996). Multisource (360-degree) feedback: surveys for individual and organizational development. In A. I. Kraut (Ed.), Organizational surveys. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Bracken, D. W. (1996). Multisource (360-degree) feedback: surveys for individual and organizational development. In A. I. Kraut (Ed.), Organizational surveys. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Bracken, D. W., & Paul, K. B. (1993, May). The effects of scale type and demographics on upward feedback. Paper presented at the Society for Industrial and Organizational Society Annual Conference, San Francisco, CA. Bracken, D. W., & Paul, K. B. (1993, May). The effects of scale type and demographics on upward feedback. Paper presented at the Society for Industrial and Organizational Society Annual Conference, San Francisco, CA.
Zurück zum Zitat Bracken, D. W., & Timmreck, C. W. (2001a). Success and Sustainability: a systems view of multisource feedback. In D. W. Bracken, C. W. Timmreck, & A. H. Church (Eds.), The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Bracken, D. W., & Timmreck, C. W. (2001a). Success and Sustainability: a systems view of multisource feedback. In D. W. Bracken, C. W. Timmreck, & A. H. Church (Eds.), The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Bracken, D. W., & Timmreck, C. W. (2001b). Guidelines for multisource feedback when used for decision making purposes. In D. W. Bracken, C. W. Timmreck, & A. H. Church (Eds.), The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Bracken, D. W., & Timmreck, C. W. (2001b). Guidelines for multisource feedback when used for decision making purposes. In D. W. Bracken, C. W. Timmreck, & A. H. Church (Eds.), The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Bracken, D. W., Timmreck, C. W., & Church, A. H. (2001a). The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Bracken, D. W., Timmreck, C. W., & Church, A. H. (2001a). The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Bracken, D. W., Timmreck, C. W., Fleenor, J. W., & Summers, L. (2001b). 360 degree feedback from another angle. Human Resource Management, 40(1), 3–20.CrossRef Bracken, D. W., Timmreck, C. W., Fleenor, J. W., & Summers, L. (2001b). 360 degree feedback from another angle. Human Resource Management, 40(1), 3–20.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Brett, J., & Atwater, L. (2001). 360-degree feedback: accuracy, reactions, and perceptions of usefulness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 930–942.PubMedCrossRef Brett, J., & Atwater, L. (2001). 360-degree feedback: accuracy, reactions, and perceptions of usefulness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 930–942.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Caputo, P., & Roch, S. (2009, April). Rating formats and perceptions of performance appraisal fairness. Paper presented at the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Annual Conference, New Orleans, LA. Caputo, P., & Roch, S. (2009, April). Rating formats and perceptions of performance appraisal fairness. Paper presented at the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Annual Conference, New Orleans, LA.
Zurück zum Zitat Church, A. H., Walker, A. G., & Brockner, J. (2002). Multisource feedback for organization development and change. In J. Waclawski & A. H. Church (Eds.), Organization development: a data-driven approach to organizational change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Church, A. H., Walker, A. G., & Brockner, J. (2002). Multisource feedback for organization development and change. In J. Waclawski & A. H. Church (Eds.), Organization development: a data-driven approach to organizational change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Conway, J., & Huffcutt, A. (1997). Psychometric properties of multi-source performance ratings: a meta-analysis of subordinate, supervisor, peer and self ratings. Human Performance, 10, 331–360.CrossRef Conway, J., & Huffcutt, A. (1997). Psychometric properties of multi-source performance ratings: a meta-analysis of subordinate, supervisor, peer and self ratings. Human Performance, 10, 331–360.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Craig, S. B., & Hannum, K. (2006). Research update: 360-degree performance assessment. Consulting Psychology Journal: Research and Practice, 58, 117–122.CrossRef Craig, S. B., & Hannum, K. (2006). Research update: 360-degree performance assessment. Consulting Psychology Journal: Research and Practice, 58, 117–122.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dalton, M. A. (1997). When the purpose of using multi-rater feedback is behavior change. In D. Bracken, et al. (Eds.), Should 360 degree feedback be used only for development purposes?. Greensboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership. Dalton, M. A. (1997). When the purpose of using multi-rater feedback is behavior change. In D. Bracken, et al. (Eds.), Should 360 degree feedback be used only for development purposes?. Greensboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership.
Zurück zum Zitat DeNisi, A. S., & Kluger, A. N. (2000). Feedback effectiveness: can 360-degree appraisals be improved? Academy of Management Executive, 14, 129–139.CrossRef DeNisi, A. S., & Kluger, A. N. (2000). Feedback effectiveness: can 360-degree appraisals be improved? Academy of Management Executive, 14, 129–139.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Edwards, M., & Ewen, A. (1996). 360° feedback: the powerful new tool for employee assessment and performance improvement. New York: AMACOM. Edwards, M., & Ewen, A. (1996). 360° feedback: the powerful new tool for employee assessment and performance improvement. New York: AMACOM.
Zurück zum Zitat English, A. E., Rose, D. S., & McClellan, J. (2009, April). Rating scale label effects on leniency bias in 360-degree feedback. Paper presented at the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Annual Conference, New Orleans, LA. English, A. E., Rose, D. S., & McClellan, J. (2009, April). Rating scale label effects on leniency bias in 360-degree feedback. Paper presented at the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Annual Conference, New Orleans, LA.
Zurück zum Zitat Fleenor, J. W., Taylor, S., & Chappelow, C. (2008). Leveraging the impact of 360-degree feedback. San Francisco: Pfeiffer. Fleenor, J. W., Taylor, S., & Chappelow, C. (2008). Leveraging the impact of 360-degree feedback. San Francisco: Pfeiffer.
Zurück zum Zitat Gillespie, T. L. (2005). Internationalizing 360-degree feedback: are subordinate ratings comparable? Journal of Business and Psychology, 19(3), 361–382.CrossRef Gillespie, T. L. (2005). Internationalizing 360-degree feedback: are subordinate ratings comparable? Journal of Business and Psychology, 19(3), 361–382.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Goldsmith, M., & Morgan, H. (2004). Leadership is a contact sport: the “follow-up” factor in management development. Strategy + Business, 36, 71–79. Goldsmith, M., & Morgan, H. (2004). Leadership is a contact sport: the “follow-up” factor in management development. Strategy + Business, 36, 71–79.
Zurück zum Zitat Goldsmith, M., & Underhill, B. O. (2001). Multisource feedback for executive development. In D. W. Bracken, C. W. Timmreck, & A. H. Church (Eds.), The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Goldsmith, M., & Underhill, B. O. (2001). Multisource feedback for executive development. In D. W. Bracken, C. W. Timmreck, & A. H. Church (Eds.), The handbook of multisource feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Greguras, G. J., & Robie, C. (1998). A new look at within-source interrater reliability of 360-degree feedback ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 960–968.CrossRef Greguras, G. J., & Robie, C. (1998). A new look at within-source interrater reliability of 360-degree feedback ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 960–968.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat 3D Group (2002). Benchmark study of North American 360-degree feedback practices. 3D Group Technical Report #8214. Berkeley, CA: Data Driven Decisions, Inc. 3D Group (2002). Benchmark study of North American 360-degree feedback practices. 3D Group Technical Report #8214. Berkeley, CA: Data Driven Decisions, Inc.
Zurück zum Zitat 3D Group (2004). Current practices in 360-degree feedback. 3D Group Technical Report #8251. Berkeley, CA: Data Driven Decisions, Inc. 3D Group (2004). Current practices in 360-degree feedback. 3D Group Technical Report #8251. Berkeley, CA: Data Driven Decisions, Inc.
Zurück zum Zitat 3D Group (2009). Current practices in 360-degree feedback: A benchmark study of North American companies. 3D Group Technical Report #8326. Berkeley, CA: Data Driven Decisions, Inc. 3D Group (2009). Current practices in 360-degree feedback: A benchmark study of North American companies. 3D Group Technical Report #8326. Berkeley, CA: Data Driven Decisions, Inc.
Zurück zum Zitat Harris, M., & Schaubroeck, J. (1988). A meta-analysis of self-supervisor, self-peer, and peer-supervisor ratings. Personnel Psychology, 41, 43–62.CrossRef Harris, M., & Schaubroeck, J. (1988). A meta-analysis of self-supervisor, self-peer, and peer-supervisor ratings. Personnel Psychology, 41, 43–62.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hazucha, J. F., Hezlett, S. A., & Schneider, R. J. (1993). The impact of 360-degree feedback on management skills development. Human Resource Management, 32(2–3), 325–351.CrossRef Hazucha, J. F., Hezlett, S. A., & Schneider, R. J. (1993). The impact of 360-degree feedback on management skills development. Human Resource Management, 32(2–3), 325–351.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Healy, M. C., & Rose, D. S. (2003). Validation of a 360-degree feedback instrument against sales: content matters. Paper presented at the 18th annual convention of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Orlando, FL. Healy, M. C., & Rose, D. S. (2003). Validation of a 360-degree feedback instrument against sales: content matters. Paper presented at the 18th annual convention of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Orlando, FL.
Zurück zum Zitat Heidemeier, H., & Moser, K. (2009). Self-other agreement in job performance ratings: a meta-analytic test of a process model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 353–370.PubMedCrossRef Heidemeier, H., & Moser, K. (2009). Self-other agreement in job performance ratings: a meta-analytic test of a process model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 353–370.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kaiser, R. B., & Kaplan, R. E. (2006, May). Are all scales created equal? Paper presented at the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Annual Conference, Dallas, TX. Kaiser, R. B., & Kaplan, R. E. (2006, May). Are all scales created equal? Paper presented at the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology Annual Conference, Dallas, TX.
Zurück zum Zitat Kluger, A. N., & DeNisi, A. (1996). The effects of feedback interventions on performance: a historical review, a meta-analysis, and a preliminary feedback intervention theory. Psychological Bulletin, 119, 254–284.CrossRef Kluger, A. N., & DeNisi, A. (1996). The effects of feedback interventions on performance: a historical review, a meta-analysis, and a preliminary feedback intervention theory. Psychological Bulletin, 119, 254–284.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lepsinger, R., & Lucia, A. D. (1998). The art and science of 360 degree feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Lepsinger, R., & Lucia, A. D. (1998). The art and science of 360 degree feedback. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Lepsinger, R., & Lucia, A. D. (2009). The art and science of 360 degree feedback (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Lepsinger, R., & Lucia, A. D. (2009). The art and science of 360 degree feedback (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat London, M., & Smither, J. W. (2002). Feedback orientation, feedback culture and the longitudinal performance management process. Human Resource Management Review, 12, 81–100.CrossRef London, M., & Smither, J. W. (2002). Feedback orientation, feedback culture and the longitudinal performance management process. Human Resource Management Review, 12, 81–100.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat London, M., Smither, J. W., & Adsit, D. L. (1998). Accountability: the Achilles’ heel of multisource feedback. Group and Organization Management, 22, 162–184.CrossRef London, M., Smither, J. W., & Adsit, D. L. (1998). Accountability: the Achilles’ heel of multisource feedback. Group and Organization Management, 22, 162–184.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Longenecker, C. O., Sims, H. P., & Gioia, D. A. (1987). Behind the mask: the politics of employee appraisal. The Academy of Management Executive, 1(3), 183–193.CrossRef Longenecker, C. O., Sims, H. P., & Gioia, D. A. (1987). Behind the mask: the politics of employee appraisal. The Academy of Management Executive, 1(3), 183–193.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Morgeson, F. P., Mumford, T. V., & Campion, M. A. (2005). Coming full circle: using research and practice to address 27 questions about 360-degree feedback programs. Consulting Psychology Journal: Research and Practice, 57, 196–209.CrossRef Morgeson, F. P., Mumford, T. V., & Campion, M. A. (2005). Coming full circle: using research and practice to address 27 questions about 360-degree feedback programs. Consulting Psychology Journal: Research and Practice, 57, 196–209.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mount, M. K., Judge, T. A., Scullen, S. E., Sytsma, M. R., & Hezlett, S. A. (1998). Trait, rater, and level effects in 360-degree performance ratings. Personnel Psychology, 51, 557–569.CrossRef Mount, M. K., Judge, T. A., Scullen, S. E., Sytsma, M. R., & Hezlett, S. A. (1998). Trait, rater, and level effects in 360-degree performance ratings. Personnel Psychology, 51, 557–569.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nowack, K. M. (2009). Leveraging multirater feedback to facilitate successful behavioral change. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research., 61(4), 280–297.CrossRef Nowack, K. M. (2009). Leveraging multirater feedback to facilitate successful behavioral change. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research., 61(4), 280–297.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Pfau, B., & Kay, I. (2002). Does 360-degree feedback negatively affect company performance? Studies show that 360-degree feedback may do more harm than good. What’s the problem? HRMagazine, 47(6), 54–60. Pfau, B., & Kay, I. (2002). Does 360-degree feedback negatively affect company performance? Studies show that 360-degree feedback may do more harm than good. What’s the problem? HRMagazine, 47(6), 54–60.
Zurück zum Zitat Rose, D. S., Farrell, T., & Robinson, G. N. (2004). Are narrative comments in 360-degree feedback useful or useless? Technical Report #8253. Berkeley, CA: Data Driven Decisions, Inc. Rose, D. S., Farrell, T., & Robinson, G. N. (2004). Are narrative comments in 360-degree feedback useful or useless? Technical Report #8253. Berkeley, CA: Data Driven Decisions, Inc.
Zurück zum Zitat Shipper, F., Hoffman, R. C., & Rotondo, D. M. (2007). Does the 360-feedback process create actionable knowledge equally across cultures? Academy of Management Learning & Education, 6(1), 33–50.CrossRef Shipper, F., Hoffman, R. C., & Rotondo, D. M. (2007). Does the 360-feedback process create actionable knowledge equally across cultures? Academy of Management Learning & Education, 6(1), 33–50.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Siefert, C., Yukl, G., & McDonald, R. (2003). Effects of multisource feedback and a feedback facilitator on the influence of behavior of managers toward subordinates. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 561–569.CrossRef Siefert, C., Yukl, G., & McDonald, R. (2003). Effects of multisource feedback and a feedback facilitator on the influence of behavior of managers toward subordinates. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(3), 561–569.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Smith, A. F. R., & Fortunato, V. J. (2008). Factors influencing employee intentions to provide honest upward feedback ratings. Journal of Business and Psychology, 22, 191–207.CrossRef Smith, A. F. R., & Fortunato, V. J. (2008). Factors influencing employee intentions to provide honest upward feedback ratings. Journal of Business and Psychology, 22, 191–207.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Smither, J. W., & Walker, A. G. (2004). Are the characteristics of narrative comments related to improvement in multirater feedback ratings over time? Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 575–581.PubMedCrossRef Smither, J. W., & Walker, A. G. (2004). Are the characteristics of narrative comments related to improvement in multirater feedback ratings over time? Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 575–581.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Smither, J. W., London, M., Flautt, R., Vargas, Y., & Kucine, I. (2003). Can working with an executive coach improve multisource feedback ratings over time? A quasi-experimental field study. Personnel Psychology, 56, 23–44.CrossRef Smither, J. W., London, M., Flautt, R., Vargas, Y., & Kucine, I. (2003). Can working with an executive coach improve multisource feedback ratings over time? A quasi-experimental field study. Personnel Psychology, 56, 23–44.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Smither, J. W., Walker, A. G., & Yap, M. K. T. (2004). An examination of the equivalence of web-based versus paper-and-pencil upward feedback ratings: Rater- and ratee-level analyses. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64(1), 40–61.CrossRef Smither, J. W., Walker, A. G., & Yap, M. K. T. (2004). An examination of the equivalence of web-based versus paper-and-pencil upward feedback ratings: Rater- and ratee-level analyses. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64(1), 40–61.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Smither, J. W., London, M., & Reilly, R. R. (2005). Does performance improve following multisource feedback? A theoretical model, meta-analysis and review of empirical findings. Personnel Psychology, 58, 33–66.CrossRef Smither, J. W., London, M., & Reilly, R. R. (2005). Does performance improve following multisource feedback? A theoretical model, meta-analysis and review of empirical findings. Personnel Psychology, 58, 33–66.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Thach, E. (2002). The impact of executive coaching and 360 feedback on leadership effectiveness. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 23, 205–214.CrossRef Thach, E. (2002). The impact of executive coaching and 360 feedback on leadership effectiveness. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 23, 205–214.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tornow, W., & London, M. (1998). Maximizing the value of 360-degree feedback: a process for successful individual and organization development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Tornow, W., & London, M. (1998). Maximizing the value of 360-degree feedback: a process for successful individual and organization development. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Zurück zum Zitat Waldman, D. A., & Atwater, L. E. (1998). The power of 360° feedback. Houston, TX: Gulf Publishing Company. Waldman, D. A., & Atwater, L. E. (1998). The power of 360° feedback. Houston, TX: Gulf Publishing Company.
Zurück zum Zitat Waldman, D., Atwater, L., & Antonioni, D. (1998). Has 360 feedback gone amok? Academy of Management Executive, 12, 86–94.CrossRef Waldman, D., Atwater, L., & Antonioni, D. (1998). Has 360 feedback gone amok? Academy of Management Executive, 12, 86–94.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Walker, A., & Smither, J. W. (1999). A five-year study of upward feedback: what managers do with their results matters. Personnel Psychology, 52(2), 393–423.CrossRef Walker, A., & Smither, J. W. (1999). A five-year study of upward feedback: what managers do with their results matters. Personnel Psychology, 52(2), 393–423.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yukl, G., & Lepsinger, R. (1995). How to get the most out of 360-degree feedback. Training, 32, 45–50. Yukl, G., & Lepsinger, R. (1995). How to get the most out of 360-degree feedback. Training, 32, 45–50.
Metadaten
Titel
When Does 360-Degree Feedback Create Behavior Change? And How Would We Know It When It Does?
verfasst von
David W. Bracken
Dale S. Rose
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2011
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Business and Psychology / Ausgabe 2/2011
Print ISSN: 0889-3268
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-353X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-011-9218-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2011

Journal of Business and Psychology 2/2011 Zur Ausgabe